| Joan Finney | |
| Order: | 42nd Governor of Kansas |
| Lieutenant: | Jim Francisco |
| Term Start: | January 14, 1991 |
| Term End: | January 9, 1995 |
| Predecessor: | Mike Hayden |
| Successor: | Bill Graves |
| Office1: | 33rd Kansas State Treasurer |
| Governor1: | Robert Frederick Bennett John W. Carlin Mike Hayden |
| Term Start1: | January 6, 1975 |
| Term End1: | January 14, 1991 |
| Predecessor1: | Tom Van Sickle |
| Successor1: | Sally Thompson |
| Birth Date: | 12 February 1925 |
| Birth Place: | Topeka, Kansas, U.S. |
| Death Place: | Topeka, Kansas, U.S. |
| Party: | Republican (Before 1974) Democratic (1974–2001) |
| Spouse: | Spencer Finney |
| Education: | Washburn University (BA) |
Joan Marie Finney (née McInroy; February 12, 1925 – July 28, 2001) was an American politician who served as the 42nd governor of Kansas from 1991 to 1995. Prior to her tenure as governor, Finney served four terms as the Kansas state treasurer from 1975 to 1991. Finney was the first woman to hold either office.[1]
Finney was born Joan Marie McInroy in Topeka, Kansas. She was the daughter of Leonard and Mary Sands McInroy. Her father abandoned the family shortly after her birth.[2] McInroy graduated from high school in Manhattan, Kansas in 1942.[3] In 1957, she married Spencer Finney, Jr. The Finneys had three children: Sarah "Sally" Finney Timm, Richard Finney, and Mary Finney Holladay. In 1978, Finney graduated from Washburn University with a bachelor's degree in economic history.
From 1953 to 1969, Finney served on the staff of Republican U.S. Senator Frank Carlson. From 1970 to 1972, she served as Commissioner of Elections for Shawnee County, Kansas. In 1972, she was an unsuccessful candidate in the Republican primary for a U.S. House seat in Kansas's 2nd congressional district.
She also served as a special assistant to Topeka Mayor Bill McCormick from 1973 to 1974.[4]
After switching her political affiliation from Republican to Democrat, Finney served as Kansas State Treasurer from 1975 to 1991. She was the first woman to hold that position.
In the 1990 Democratic primary for governor of Kansas, Finney upset former Governor John W. Carlin. She then went on to defeat incumbent Republican Mike Hayden in the general election, becoming the first woman in U.S. history to defeat an incumbent governor in a general election.
In addition to being the State of Kansas's first female governor, Finney was the first Roman Catholic governor of Kansas. She was known for her pro-Native American stances and was one of the few anti-abortion Democratic governors of her time.
Finney served only one term as governor, retiring after the 1994 election.
In 1996, Finney ran for United States Senate. She was defeated in the Democratic primary by Jill Docking, who gained 74% of the primary vote, and subsequently lost the general election to Sam Brownback.
Finney died in 2001 from complications of liver cancer at St. Francis Hospital in Topeka. She is buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery in Topeka.[4]
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