| Jincheng | |
| Native Name: | 晋城市 |
| Native Name Lang: | zh-Hans |
| Other Name: | Tsincheng |
| Settlement Type: | Prefecture-level city |
| Pushpin Map: | Shanxi |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of the city center in Shanxi |
| Pushpin Label Position: | right |
| Pushpin Mapsize: | 240 |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | People's Republic of China |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Shanxi |
| Subdivision Type2: | County-level divisions |
| Subdivision Name2: | 6 |
| Seat Type: | Municipal seat |
| Seat: | Chengqu |
| Government Type: | Prefecture-level city |
| Leader Title: | CPC Jincheng Secretary |
| Leader Name: | Zhang Jiuping (Chinese: 张九萍) |
| Leader Title1: | Mayor |
| Leader Name1: | Wang Qingxian (Chinese: 王清宪) |
| Area Total Km2: | 9490 |
| Area Blank1 Title: | Districts |
| Area Blank1 Km2: | 2164.0 |
| Area Urban Km2: | 143.00 |
| Area Urban Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Footnotes: | [2] |
| Population Total: | 2,279,151 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Density Urban Km2: | auto |
| Population Blank1 Title: | Districts |
| Population Blank1: | 1067000 |
| Population Urban: | 493000 |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP[3] |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Prefecture-level city |
| Demographics2 Info1: | CN¥ 142.6 billion US$ 22.4 billion |
| Demographics2 Title2: | Per capita |
| Demographics2 Info2: | CN¥ 65,122 US$ 10,420 |
| Timezone: | China Standard |
| Utc Offset: | +8 |
| Coor Pinpoint: | Jincheng municipal government |
| Coordinates: | 35.491°N 112.852°W |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 048000 |
| Area Code: | 0356 |
| Blank Name: | Licence plates |
| Blank Info: | Chinese: 晋E |
| Blank1 Info: | 140500 |
| Iso Code: | CN-SX-05 |
| Website: | www.JCOnline.cn |
| Order: | st |
| S: | 晋城 |
| T: | 晉城 |
| P: | Jìnchéng |
| W: | Chin-ch‘êng |
| L: | Jin City |
Jincheng is a prefecture-level city situated in the southeast of Shanxi province, China. It shares its border with Henan province to the south and southeast. The city is recognized as an industrial hub, with coal mining being one of its key industries.[4] The population of the entire city is estimated to be 2.2 million.[5]
Due to the extensive coal industry in the region, Jincheng has gained notoriety for air pollution. However, the local government has recently made significant investments to address this issue. Efforts have been made to enhance the air quality in the city, such as tree planting, developing and maintaining vast parks and ecological reserves, shutting down or relocating some of the most polluting factories, and promoting the use of coalbed methane, which is a cleaner fuel source than coal.[6]
Jincheng has a rich history dating back to the Warring States period. During this time, the land of Jinguo was divided and settled by Zhao, Wei, and Han. Later, the Late Jin monarch was settled in Qinshui County of Jincheng. The famous battle of Changping between Qin and Zhao took place in Gaoping City of Jincheng towards the end of the Warring States period. After the first emperor of Qin unified the six countries, China was divided into 36 shires, and most of Jincheng and Southeast Shanxi belonged to Shangdang Shire. Throughout the Han and Wei dynasties, Jincheng remained a part of Shangdang Shire and Pingyang Shire.
During the Sixteen States period, West Yan Murong Yong established Jianxing Shire in the southern region of Shangdang Shire, which marked the beginning of Jincheng becoming a Shire. Subsequently, the name of Jianxing Shire was changed several times, first to Jianzhou during the Northern Wei dynasty, then to Zezhou during the Sui dynasty, and finally, it was upgraded to Zezhoufu during the Qing dynasty. These administrative changes were essentially consistent with the five counties under the jurisdiction of Jincheng today. It was not until the Republic of China period that Yuan Shikai issued a policy to transform all Chinese states into counties.
Jincheng boasts abundant mineral resources, particularly coal. Coal-beds cover more than 56% of the total area, predominantly comprising anthracite, a high-quality coal with minimal impurities. The anthracite reserves in Jincheng account for over a quarter of China's total and half of Shanxi province's total. In addition, Jincheng has a substantial coal mine methane field, discovered in Qinshui county in 2001.[7] The production of both anthracite and coal mine methane is mainly carried out by Jincheng Anthracite Mining Group.
Apart from its coal-related industries, Jincheng also houses a significant Foxconn manufacturing campus that produces fiber optic parts, with an annual output value of over 3 billion RMB.[8]
Jincheng is situated in the southeastern corner of Shanxi province, covering an area of 9,490 square kilometers. It has 188,920 hectares of arable land.
Jincheng is accessible via China National Highway 207 and the Taiyuan–Jiaozuo Railway. However, it does not have a commercial airport, with the nearest ones located in nearby cities such as Zhengzhou, Changzhi, and Luoyang.[9]
Jincheng has a rather dry, monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa),[10] with cold and very dry winters, and hot, humid summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from NaN°C in January to in July, and the annual mean is 11.83°C. Typifying the influence of the East Asian Monsoon, over two-thirds of the annual of precipitation occurs from June to September.
| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2003 est.) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | |
| Cheng District | Chinese: 城区 | Chéngqū | 280,000 | 141 | 1,986 | |
| Gaoping City | Chinese: 高平市 | Gāopíng Shì | 480,000 | 946 | 507 | |
| Zezhou County | Chinese: 泽州县 | Zézhōu Xiàn | 510,000 | 2,023 | 252 | |
| Qinshui County | Chinese: 沁水县 | Qìnshuǐ Xiàn | 210,000 | 2,655 | 79 | |
| Yangcheng County | Chinese: 阳城县 | Yángchéng Xiàn | 390,000 | 1,968 | 198 | |
| Lingchuan County | Chinese: 陵川县 | Língchuān Xiàn | 250,000 | 1,751 | 143 | |