| Jianyang | |
| Postal Code: | 641400 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Pushpin Map: | China Sichuan |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Sichuan |
| Pushpin Mapsize: | 250 |
| Settlement Type: | County-level city |
| Mapsize: | 250px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | China |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Sichuan |
| Subdivision Type2: | Sub-provincial city |
| Subdivision Name2: | Chengdu |
| Seat Type: | Municipal seat |
| Seat: | Shehongba Subdistrict |
| Area Code: | 028 |
| Area Total Km2: | 2215 |
| Population As Of: | 2012 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Total: | 1481180 |
| Coor Pinpoint: | dm |
| Coordinates: | 30.38°N 104.53°W |
| Timezone: | China Standard |
| Utc Offset: | +8 |
Jianyang is a county-level city under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Chengdu, in Sichuan Province, Southwest China. Situated only 48km (30miles) from Chengdu, Jianyang is administratively under the jurisdiction of Chengdu, changed from being a prefecture-level city of Ziyang since May 2016.[1] The preparation work for changing it to "Jianyang District" is already started as of August 2019.[2] The urban center is located on the banks of the Tuo River.
Jianyang has a recorded history dating back over two thousand years. It was part of the state of Shu until the third century BC and was incorporated into the Qin Empire following the unification of China under Qin Shihuang.
In the Yuan dynasty, it was named Jianzhou (簡州); its current name was adopted in 1913 during the Republic of China. After the foundation of the People's Republic of China, it was incorporated into the Neijiang Administration Zone. It was divided into communes during the Cultural Revolution. When the communes were abolished, it was subsumed by Chengdu. In 1994, the county was converted into a county-level city. In 2007, the county was given broad autonomy over its budgeting and financial affairs by the State Council as part of a wider experiment.[3] In 2016, the State Council transferred jurisdiction of Jianyang from Ziyang to Chengdu, ostensibly to increase urban integration with the provincial capital.[4]
Jianyang was administered by the prefecture-level city of Ziyang up until 2016 when it was transferred to Chengdu prefecture due to Jianyang's economic integration as a part of the greater Chengdu metropolitan area. Jianyang is home to commuters who work in Chengdu.
Administratively, Jianyang is subdivided into 16 subdistricts and 21 towns:[5]
As of 2012, there are just over 1.48 million residents estimated to be living in Jianyang. Of these, the vast majority (some 1.21 million) are rural residents. The natural population growth rate without taking into account net migration figures is 1.19% as of 2012. Over 99% of the population is of Han ethnicity. There are small Yi, Tujia, and Tibetan populations, each numbering no more than a few hundred.[6]
Development of local transport advanced rapidly between 1990 and 2010. Jianyang is served by numerous local freeways, including an expressway that connects it to Chengdu, the Chengdu-Chongqing Expressway, and the Second Ring Expressway of Chengdu, in addition to China National Highways 318, 319, and 321.
Jianyang Railway Station serves the city. Jianyang South Railway Station is a high-speed rail station on the Chengdu–Chongqing Intercity Railway.
Chengdu Tianfu International Airport, intended to be a new hub servicing southwestern China, is in operation.
The local economy is mainly dependent on agriculture and the production of machinery. There are factories in the region producing metal tools, tractors, and knives. Ruonan Foods headquarters is located in Jianyang. As of 2013 recorded a GDP of 34.48 billion yuan.
The Sichuan Provincial Women's Prison is located in the town of Yangma (Chinese: 养马镇), in Jianyang city limits.
Haidilao hot pot restaurant chain was founded in Jianyang but the headquarters has since moved to Beijing.