| Jiangshan dialect | |
| Nativename: | Chinese: 江山話 |
| States: | China |
| Region: | Jiangshan city, Quzhou prefecture, Zhejiang province |
| Speakers: | 500,000–600,000 |
| Date: | no date |
| Familycolor: | Sino-Tibetan |
| Fam2: | Sinitic |
| Fam3: | Wu |
| Fam4: | Chuqu |
| Isoexception: | dialect |
| Glotto: | long1386 |
| Glottoname: | Jiangshan |
| Notice: | IPA |
The Jiangshan dialect (江山話) is a Southern Wu dialect, closely related to that of Quzhou. It is spoken in Jiangshan, a city in Quzhou prefecture, China.
| Labial | Dental | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | pronounced as /m/ 馬 | pronounced as /n/ 腦 | pronounced as /link/ 我 | ||||
| Plosive | tenuis | pronounced as /p/ 巴 | pronounced as /t/ 豬 | pronounced as /k/ 姜 | |||
| aspirated | pronounced as /pʰ/ 怕 | pronounced as /tʰ/ 聽 | pronounced as /kʰ/ 氣 | ||||
| slack voice | pronounced as /b̥/ 爬 | pronounced as /d̥/ 同 | pronounced as /ɡ̊/ 群 | ||||
| Affricate | tenuis | pronounced as /ts/ 再 | pronounced as /link/ 朱 | ||||
| aspirated | pronounced as /tsʰ/ 寸 | pronounced as /link/ 唱 | |||||
| slack voice | pronounced as /d̥z̥/ 茶 | pronounced as /link/ 傳 | |||||
| Fricative | tenuis | pronounced as /f/ 夫 | pronounced as /s/ 山 | pronounced as /link/ 心 | pronounced as /link/ 曉 | ||
| slack voice | pronounced as /v̥/ 浮 | pronounced as /z̥/ 事 | pronounced as /link/ 樹 | pronounced as /link/ 雲 | |||
| Approximant | pronounced as /l/ 李 | ||||||
| 耳 pronounced as /[ør]/ | 衣 pronounced as /[ɦi]/ | 无 pronounced as /[vu]/ | 雨 pronounced as /[ɦy]/ | 之 pronounced as /[tsɿ]/ | |
| 拉 pronounced as /[lɑ]/ | 家 pronounced as /[kiɑ]/ | 瓦 pronounced as /[ŋuɑ]/ | |||
| 鞋 pronounced as /[ɦæ]/ | 也 pronounced as /[ɦiæ]/ | 快 pronounced as /[kʰuæ]/ | |||
| 天 pronounced as /[tʰiɛ̃]/ | 全 pronounced as /[ʑyɛ̃]/ | ||||
| 开 pronounced as /[kʰe]/ | 会 pronounced as /[kue]/ | ||||
| 哥 pronounced as /[ko]/ | |||||
| 包 pronounced as /[pɐɯ]/ | 表 pronounced as /[piɐɯ]/ | ||||
| 楼 pronounced as /[lɯ]/ | 秋 pronounced as /[tɕʰiɯ]/ | ||||
| 三 pronounced as /[sã]/ | 香 pronounced as /[hiã]/ | 关 pronounced as /[kuã]/ | |||
| 干 pronounced as /[kɔ̃]/ | 状 pronounced as /[ʑiɔ̃]/ | ||||
| 盘 pronounced as /[bɐ̃]/ | 官 pronounced as /[kuɐ̃]/ | ||||
| 门 pronounced as /[mõ]/ | 穷 pronounced as /[ɡiõ]/ | ||||
| 齿 pronounced as /[tsʰɿə]/ | 鱼 pronounced as /[ŋɯə]/ | ||||
| 金 pronounced as /[kœ̃]/ | 森 pronounced as /[ɕyœ̃]/ | ||||
| 京 pronounced as /[kĩ]/ | 春 pronounced as /[tɕʰỹ]/ | ||||
| 八 pronounced as /[paʔ]/ | 学 pronounced as /[ɦiaʔ]/ | 扩 pronounced as /[kʰuaʔ]/ | |||
| 笔 pronounced as /[pœʔ]/ | 十 pronounced as /[ʑyœʔ]/ | ||||
| 日 pronounced as /[nəʔ]/ | 习 pronounced as /[ʑiɛʔ]/ | 越 pronounced as /[ɦyɛʔ]/ | |||
| 月 pronounced as /[ŋoʔ]/ | 肉 pronounced as /[ʑioʔ]/ | ||||
| 合 pronounced as /[kɔʔ]/ | 肉 pronounced as /[ŋyɔʔ]/ |
The Jiangshan dialect is considered to have eight tones. However, since tone split from Middle Chinese, each character still depends on the voicing of the initial consonant. These constitute just three phonemic tones: pin, shang, and qu. (Ru syllables are phonemically toneless, as their distinctiveness lies in a final glottal stop.)