Jian (era) explained

was a, also known as Chi'an, after Kannin and before Manju. This period spanned the years from February 1021^[1] through July 1024.^[2] The reigning emperor was .^[3]

Change of Era

• 1021 : The era name was changed to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Kannin 5, on the 2nd day of the 2nd month of 1021.^[4]

Events of the Jian era

• 1023 (Jian 3, 4th month): An epidemic in Kyoto was so severe that there were corpses in the streets;^[5] disease spread throughout the country.^[6]
• 1023 (Jian 3, 10th month): Fujiwara no Michinaga visits Mt. Koya.^[7]
• December 29, 1023 (Jian 3, 14th day of the 11th month): a lunar eclipse.^[8]

References

• Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ; OCLC 251325323
• Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ; OCLC 58053128
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
• Varley, H. Paul. (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press. ; OCLC 6042764

External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Notes and References

1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Kannin" in ; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File .
2. Nussbaum. "Manjū" at
3. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 156-159; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 307-310; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 195-196.
4. Brown, p. 310.
5. Dykstra, Yoshiko Kurata. (2001). The Konjaku Tales: from a Medieval Japanese Collection, Vol. 2, p. 13.
6. Horton, Sarah J. (2007).
7. Nihon Kiristokyō Kyōgikai. (2001). Japanese Religions, Vols. 26-27, pp.34-35.
8. Pankenier, David. (1999).