Jessore District Explained

Jessore District
Official Name:Jashore District
Native Name:যশোর জেলা
Settlement Type:District of Bangladesh
Map Caption1:Expandable map of Jessore District
Pushpin Map:Bangladesh
Pushpin Label Position:Khulna
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name: Bangladesh
Subdivision Type1:Division
Subdivision Name1:Khulna
Established Title:District Established
Seat Type:Headquarters
Seat:Jessore
Leader Title:Deputy Commissioner
Leader Name:Md Abraul Hasan Mojumder
Leader Title1:District Council Chairman
Leader Name1:Saifuzzaman Pikul
Leader Title2:Chief Executive Officer
Leader Name2:Md. Asaduzzaman
Area Total Km2:2606.94
Elevation M:7
Population Total:3076144
Population As Of:2022
Postal Code:7400
Blank Name Sec1:HDI (2019)
Blank Info Sec1:0.660[1]
· 2nd of 20
Population Density Km2:auto

Jessore District (Bengali: যশোর, pronounced Jaw-shore, Anglicised: Jessore), officially spelled Jashore District from April 2018,[2] [3] [4] is a district in southwestern Bangladesh. It is bordered by India to the west, Khulna and Satkhira districts to the south, Khulna and Narail to the east, and Jhenaidah and Magura districts to the north. Jessore is the capital of the district. Jessore is the home of the ancestors of the great Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. Jashore was the first independent district of Bangladesh in 1971.

Jessore district was established in 1781. It consists of 8 municipalities, 8 upazilas, 92 unions, 1,329 mouzas, 1,477 villages and 120 mahallas. The upazilas are: Abhaynagar Upazila, Bagherpara Upazila, Chaugachha Upazila, Jessore Sadar Upazila, Jhikargachha Upazila, Keshabpur Upazila, Manirampur Upazila, and Sharsha Upazila.

The district produces a variety of crops. Date sugar, called patali, is made from the sap of locally grown date trees. It is cooked, thickened and crystallised using a traditional method. Patali is mainly produced in Khajura, but many date trees are cultivated in the Keshabpur Upazila and Manirampur Upazila areas.

History

See main article: History of Jessore. Jessore district once belonged to the ancient Janapada of Vanga (বঙ্গ) Janapada. In the 15th century, Jessore was a part of the kingdom of Pratapaditya. It was then conquered by the Mughals.

British administration was fully established in Jessore district in 1781 when the governor-general ordered the opening of a court at Murali near Jessore.[5] In 1947, Jessore was divided between India and Pakistan. Except for the Bangaon and Gaighata thanas, the district became part of East Pakistan.[6]

The Bengali soldiers stationed at Jessore cantonment mutinied against the Pakistan Army on 29 March 1971. They were led by Captain Hafiz Uddin and Lieutenant Anwar in an uprising where 300 soldiers were killed. The rebels killed 50 Pakistani soldiers at Chanchara.

Geography

Jessore District encompasses 2606.94 km2. It is bounded by Jhenaidah and Magura districts at the north, Satkhira and Khulna districts at the south, Narail and Khulna districts at the east, and North 24 Parganas and Nadia districts of West Bengal of India at the west. Major rivers that flow through this region are the Bhairab, Teka, Hari, Sree, Aparbhadra, Harihar, Buribhadra, Chitra, Betna, Kopotakkho, and the Mukteshwari.[7] [8]

Climate

Annual average temperature range from 15.4°C34.6°C. The annual rainfall is 1537mm.

Demographics

According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Jessore District had 798,032 households and a population of 3,076,144. 510,121 (16.58%) inhabitants were under 10 years of age. The population density was 1,180 people per km2. Jessore district had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 77.07%, compared to the national average of 74.80%, and a sex ratio of 1018 females per 1000 males. 23.39% of the population lived in urban areas.[9]

Religion in present-day Jessore district!Religion!Population (1941)[10] !Percentage (1941)!Population (2022)!Percentage (2022)
349,55462.44%2,756,61189.61%
208,64737.27%313,58210.19%
Others1,6440.29%5,9510.20%
Total Population559,845100%3,076,144100%

The main occupations are agriculture 39.84%, agricultural labour 24.13%, other wage labour 2.68%, commerce 11.99%, service 8.66%, industry 1.41%, transport 3.11% and others 8.18%.

Jessore District's administrative framework was established in 1781. It consists of the following eight upazilas

Area in
km2 		2011 Census
population
Abhaynagar247.21262,434
Bagherpara308.29216,897
Chaugachha269.31231,370
Jhikargachha Upazila307.96298,908
Keshabpur258.44253,291
Jessore Sadar435.22742,898
Manirampur444.20417,421
Sharsha336.28341,328

The upazilas are further divided into 9 municipalities, 36 wards, 92 unions, 1329 mouzas, 1434 villages and 120 mahallas.

Economy

Benapol Land Port

The main factor of the economics of Jessore is Benapol Land Port which is situated in Sharsha Upazila. Much of the import and export trading between Bangladesh and India is done through this port. On the other side of the border is Petrapole. The port is important for making government import taxes.

Arts and culture

There were 21 cinema halls in the district in 2000.[11] As of 2021, only six survive: four in smaller towns, and two in the city of Jessore.[12] One of the latter, Tosbir Mohol, once the country's second oldest theater with a revolving stage, is being restored for stage productions.[13] The other, Monihar, the largest cinema hall in Bangladesh when it was built in 1983, with 1400 seats, reported record revenues in 2022.[14]

Jessore-based theater troupe Bibartan has staged more than 4,000 performances (stage plays, street theater, and works for children) since their founding in 1989.[15]

Jessore Institute Public Library, established in 1854, is one of the oldest public libraries in the Indian subcontinent.[16]

Sports

Football and cricket are the two most popular sports in Jessore. Cricketers from the district represent the South Zone in the Bangladesh Cricket League. In football, Jessore most notably won the National Football Championship in 1976. Notable footballers from the district include Mannaf Rabby, Kowsar Ali, and Rabby Hossen Rahul. Lutfor Rahman, a member of the Shadhin Bangla football team, also hailed from the district. In 1973, the Jessore Zonal football team hosted a historic game against Dinamo Minsk from the Soviet Union, which ended in a 0–7 defeat.[17] The Shamsul Huda Stadium, formerly known as the Jessore Stadium, serves as the district's main venue for football and cricket. The Shams-Ul-Huda Football Academy, operated by the Jessore District Sports Association (JDSA), is one of the most notable football academies in the country.[18]

Points of interest

Solo Khada Jamidar Bari, House and birthplace of Ratna Gorva awarded by British Govt. and her son former Health minister of India Dr. Nil Ratan Dhor and his brother Jebon Ratan Dhor

Transport

Jessore has well connected road, rail and air transport links to other major cities and water transport links to Khulna and Mongla of Bangladesh. It boasts one of the first rail networks established in the Indian subcontinent.

Road

Jessore is located 270 km south west from Dhaka capital of Bangladesh by road and 60 km north from Khulna . It is also connected with the Indian city of Kolkata which is 120 km west through Benapole land port via AH1. The road from Jessore to Kolkata is a part of the historic Jessore Road.

Railway

Jessore Junction railway station is a major junction on the broad gauge-based network of the Western Railway. The network has links extended into Indian territory. Service linking the capital Dhaka and Kolkata April 2008. As well as in 2019 Both India And Bangladesh government agreed to 4 minute stop in Jessore Junction railway station through Bandhan Express which connect Khulna to Kolkata.

Air

The Jessore Airport, near the city, is an airfield for the Bangladesh Air Force. One of the oldest airfield in Bangladesh and the subcontinent. Alongside military service, its runway caters to seven commercial flights daily which includes US Bangla, Novo and Biman Bangladesh Airlines, for domestic flights.

Education

Universities

Medical colleges

Colleges

There are 56 master's level, degree (honors), and degree (pass) colleges in the district:[23]

Media

newspapers and magazines

List of daily newspapers[24]
List of weekly magazines
List of Fortnightly
List of monthly magazines
List of literary magazines

Notable people

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab. hdi.globaldatalab.org. 2020-03-18.
  2. News: Bangladesh changes English spellings of five districts . . Dhaka . 2018-02-04 . 2018-04-02.
  3. News: Mahadi Al Hasnat . 2 April 2018 . Mixed reactions as govt changes English spellings of 5 district names . Dhaka Tribune . 8 April 2018.
  4. News: Eagle . Andrew . 'A' is for 'orange' . 10 January 2021 . The Daily Star . 2 April 2018 . en.
  5. Jessore . 15 . 337.
  6. Book: A Report on the District of Jessore: Its Antiquities, Its History, and Its Commerce . Oxford University Press . Westland, James . 1871.
  7. Book: Mahibullah Siddiqui . Jessore District . http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Jessore_District . Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh . Arif Hossain and Ahmed A. Jamal . . 2012 . Second.
  8. News: Sorrow of jessore: Lasting for decades, getting graver every year. 2016-12-20. The Daily Star. 2017-04-11.
  9. Book: Population and Housing Census 2022 National Report . . November 2023 . 1 .
  10. Web site: Census of India, 1941 Volume VI Bengal Province . 13 August 2022.
  11. News: Akbar . Zahid . Single-screen theatres going out of fashion in Bangladesh . The Daily Star . 24 February 2020.
  12. News: bn:চিত্রামোড়-নিরালাপট্টি আছে, নেই শুধু সিনেমা হল . There is Chitramore-Niralapatti, just no cinema halls . https://www.jagonews24.com/entertainment/news/655836 . Jago News 24 . 3 April 2021 . bn.
  13. News: bn:যশোরে শতবর্ষী ঘূর্ণায়মান নাট্যমঞ্চ ফিরছে স্বরূপে . Jessore's century-old revolving stage is returning to its original form . https://www.jugantor.com/todays-paper/city/568344/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%98%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A-%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87 . Jugantor . 1 July 2022 . bn.
  14. News: Shahnewaz . Sadi Mohammad . The film industry’s unforeseen revival . The Daily Star . 20 August 2022.
  15. News: bn:নাট্য সংগঠন বিবর্তন যশোরের তিন দশক . https://www.jugantor.com/todays-paper/bangla-face/231396/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95 . Jugantor . 13 October 2019 . bn.
  16. Book: Ahmad, Sultan Uddin . 1994 . Librarianship and the State of Libraries in Bangladesh . 98 . 978-984-30-0092-7.
  17. Web site: Dynamo Moscow’s visit to Jessore. Shishir. Hoque. Dhaka Tribune. 1 September 2023. 1 September 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230901113638/https://www.dhakatribune.com/sport/football/83681/dynamo-moscow%E2%80%99s-visit-to-jessore. live.
  18. Web site: A legacy of dreams. Anisur. Rahman. April 10, 2024. November 30, 2018. The Daily Star.
  19. Web site: Duke Khan . 13 September 2013 . 2013 . Tourism in Jessore. .
  20. Web site: Duke Khan . 13 September 2013 . 2013 . Dam Dam Peerosthan in Manirampur Upazilla. . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150416094957/http://www.amarjessore.com/amar_jessore/article.php?ref=moghol&details_id=130 . 16 April 2015 . dmy-all .
  21. Web site: Duke Khan . 17 November 2013 . 2013 . A short description of archaeological sights – Khulna Division . dead . https://archive.today/20140902095838/http://www.khulnadiv.gov.bd/node/830292 . 2 September 2014 . dmy-all .
  22. Web site: Duke Khan . and Md. Shariful Islam . Jessore Info. . 13 September 2013 . Mound of Dam Dam Peer in Manirampur Upazilla.. https://web.archive.org/web/20190102122501/http://manirampur.wapka.mobi/ . 2 January 2019 . Alt URL
  23. Web site: List of Colleges . Bangladesh Bureau of Education Information and Statistics . Excel.
  24. Web site: http://www.jessore.gov.bd/node/18612. bn:পত্র পত্রিকা. jessore.gov.bd. 16 July 2014. https://archive.today/20140718004325/http://www.jessore.gov.bd/node/18612. 18 July 2014. dead.

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