| Järva County | |
| Native Name: | Estonian: Järvamaa |
| Settlement Type: | County |
| Flag Size: | 125px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Estonia |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Paide |
| Leader Title: | Governor |
| Area Total Km2: | 2459.58 |
| Population Total: | 29693 |
| Population As Of: | 2022 |
| Population Rank: | 12th |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | Ethnicity (2023) |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Estonians |
| Demographics1 Info1: | 92.7% |
| Demographics1 Title2: | Ukrainians |
| Demographics1 Info2: | 3.1% |
| Demographics1 Title3: | Russians |
| Demographics1 Info3: | 2.3% |
| Demographics1 Title4: | Other |
| Demographics1 Info4: | 2.0% |
| Demographics Type2: | GDP |
| Demographics2 Footnotes: | [1] |
| Demographics2 Title1: | Total |
| Demographics2 Info1: | €610 million (2022) |
| Demographics2 Title2: | Per capita |
| Demographics2 Info2: | €20,405 (2022) |
| Registration Plate: | P |
| Iso Code: | EE-52 |
Järva County (Estonian: Järva maakond or Järvamaa; German: Jerwen; Latin: Jervia) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is situated in the central part of the country and borders Lääne-Viru County to the east, Jõgeva County to the south-east, Viljandi County to the south, Pärnu County to the south-west, Rapla County to the west, and Harju County to the north. In January 2009, Järva County had a population of 29,940 – constituting 2.7% of the total population in Estonia.[2]
In the first centuries AD political and administrative subdivisions began to emerge. Two larger subdivisions appeared: the parish (kihelkond) and the county (maakond). The parish consisted of several villages. Nearly all parishes had at least one fortress. The defense of the local area was directed by the highest official, the parish elder. The county was composed of several parishes, also headed by an elder. By the 13th century the following major districts had developed in Estonia: Saaremaa (Osilia), Läänemaa (Rotalia or Maritima), Harjumaa (Harria), Rävala (Revalia), Virumaa (Vironia), Järvamaa (Jervia), Sakala (Saccala), and Ugandi (Ugaunia).[3]
The County Government (Estonian: Maavalitsus) is led by Governor (Estonian: maavanem), who is appointed by the Government of Estonia for a term of five years. Currently the Governor position is held by Alo Aasma.[4]
The county is subdivided into municipalities. There are two rural municipalities (Estonian: vallad – parishes) and one urban municipality (Estonian: linnad – towns) in Järva County. There are 217 villages in Järvamaa.
| Rank | Municipality | Type | Population (2018)[5] | Area km2 | Density | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rural | 9,121 | 1,223 | 7.5 | ||
| 2 | Urban | 10,898 | 443 | 24.6 | ||
| 3 | Rural | 11,063 | 1,009 | 11.0 |
| Religion | 2000 | 2011 | 2021 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | ||
| 5,647 | 18.3 | 3,774 | 14.6 | 3,250 | 12.9 | ||
| —Orthodox Christians | 542 | 1.7 | 584 | 2.2 | 530 | 2.1 | |
| —Lutherans | 4,544 | 14.7 | 2,655 | 10.2 | 1,960 | 7.8 | |
| —Catholics | 64 | 0.2 | 40 | 0.1 | 270 | 1.1 | |
| —Baptists | 174 | 0.5 | 90 | 0.3 | 120 | 0.4 | |
| —Jehovah's Witnesses | 172 | 0.5 | 164 | 0.6 | 110 | 0.4 | |
| —Pentecostals | 47 | 0.1 | 28 | 0.1 | 50 | 0.2 | |
| —Old Believers | 3 | 0.01 | 6 | 0.02 | - | - | |
| —Methodists | 37 | 0.1 | 22 | 0.08 | 20 | 0.08 | |
| —Adventists | 64 | 0.2 | 44 | 0.1 | 30 | 0.1 | |
| —Other Christians | - | - | 153 | 0.6 | 160 | 0.6 | |
| 8 | 0.02 | 4 | 0.01 | - | - | ||
| Buddhism | - | - | 10 | 0.03 | 20 | 0.08 | |
| Other religions** | 201 | 0.6 | 160 | 0.6 | 340 | 1.3 | |
| No religion | 14,796 | 48.0 | 18,694 | 72.2 | 18,890 | 74.9 | |
| Not stated*** | 10,166 | 33.0 | 3,165 | 12.2 | 2,610 | 10.3 | |
| Total population* | 30,818 | 25,865 | 25,210 | ||||
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Alo Aasma