| Jebli | |
| Nativename: | Jebelia |
| States: | Morocco |
| Ethnicity: | Jbalas, Ghomaras, Sanhajas de Srayr |
| Speakers: | ? |
| Familycolor: | Afro-Asiatic |
| Fam2: | Semitic |
| Fam3: | Central Semitic |
| Fam4: | Arabic |
| Fam5: | Maghrebi Arabic |
| Fam6: | Pre-Hilalian |
| Iso3: | none |
| Iso3comment: | (included in [ary]) |
| Glotto: | jebl1238 |
| Glottorefname: | Jebli |
| Map: | Jbala tribes of Morocco.jpg |
Jebli (Jebelia) is a pre-Hilalian Arabic dialect spoken in the mountains of northwestern Morocco.[1] [2]
The historical development of this Moroccan dialect is unclear.
The word jebli means "of/from the mountain". It is mainly spoken in the western Rif by tribes of, Berber and Morisco descent over the past ten centuries.
out of nine tribes, seven are fully Jebli-speaking, the two remaining are partially Jebli-speaking, with a significant Ghomara Berber-speaking community;
two Jebli-speaking tribes – Ketama and Aït Seddat – out of ten tribes, the remaining (eight) speak Sanhaja Berber;
out of twenty tribes, six are fully or partially Arabophone; among them, five speak Mountain Arabic − Targuist, Aït Itteftf, Aït Boufrah, Mestasa and Metioua − while the last one (Settout) speak Hilalian Arabic;
Jebli is influenced by Berber; most of the words are Arabic but the vocabulary is highly influenced by Spanish.
| Jebli | English translation | Source language/etymology | |
|---|---|---|---|
| trawzez | blue jeans | trousers (English) | |
| assallas | darkness | asellas "darkness" (Berber) | |
| karretēra | car road | carretera "paved road/highway" (Spanish) | |
| ntina | you | (Classical Arabic) | |
| âyyəl, ṭfel | boy | عائلة "family" (Classical Arabic); cf. Egyptian Arabic: ˤayyel "child" Or i3eyallen iyyalen in (Berber) | |
| sṭiṭu | little | (Berber) | |
| ħami | warm | حام "feverish" (Classical Arabic); cf. Iraqi Arabic: ħɑ̄mi "warm" | |
| qayla | sun | قائلة "resting" (spec. at noon time); due to the time of rest when the sun was at its highest point at noon (Classical Arabic) | |
| jjro | dog | jaru "puppy" (Classical Arabic) | |
| yəmma | mom | (Berber) |