Jean-Pierre Rousselot (14 October 1846, Saint-Claud – 16 December 1924, Paris) was a French priest who was an important phonetician and dialectologist.
Rousselot is considered the founder of experimental phonetics, both theoretical and applied, as manifested in the two volumes of his Principes de Phonétique Expérimentale (1897, 1901). He influenced many phoneticians and linguists, including Josef Chlumsky, Jean Poirot, Giulio Panconcelli-Calzia, Théodore Rosset, George Oscar Russell, Raymond Herbert Stetson, and Lev Shcherba.
With Hubert Pernot, he was editor of the journal Revue de phonétique.