| Birth Name: | Jean-Baptiste-Louis-Jacques-Joseph Rousseau |
| Birth Date: | 10 December 1780 |
| Death Place: | Marseille |
| Occupation: | Orientalist Iranologist Translators |
| Spouse: | Élisabeth Outrey |
Jean-Baptiste-Louis-Jacques-Joseph Rousseau, most often called Jean-Baptiste Rousseau or Joseph Rousseau, (10 December 1780 – 22 February 1831) was an early 19th-century French orientalist.
He was the son of Jean-François Rousseau or Rousseau of Persia (1753-1808), consul of France in Basra and Baghdad and Anne-Marie Sahid. Jean-Baptiste Rousseau, married with Élisabeth Outrey, was himself consul in Basra in 1805, consul général in Aleppo and to the Tripoli Eyalet (1808).