Java version history explained

The Java language has undergone several changes since JDK 1.0 as well as numerous additions of classes and packages to the standard library. Since J2SE 1.4, the evolution of the Java language has been governed by the Java Community Process (JCP), which uses Java Specification Requests (JSRs) to propose and specify additions and changes to the Java platform. The language is specified by the Java Language Specification (JLS); changes to the JLS are managed under JSR 901. In September 2017, Mark Reinhold, chief Architect of the Java Platform, proposed to change the release train to "one feature release every six months" rather than the then-current two-year schedule.[1] [2] This proposal took effect for all following versions, and is still the current release schedule.

In addition to the language changes, other changes have been made to the Java Class Library over the years, which has grown from a few hundred classes in JDK 1.0 to over three thousand in J2SE 5. Entire new APIs, such as Swing and Java2D, have been introduced, and many of the original JDK 1.0 classes and methods have been deprecated, and very few APIs have been removed (at least one, for threading, in Java 22). Some programs allow the conversion of Java programs from one version of the Java platform to an older one (for example Java 5.0 backported to 1.4) (see Java backporting tools).

Regarding Oracle Java SE Support Roadmap, version 22 is the latest one, and versions 21, 17, 11 and 8 are the currently supported long-term support (LTS) versions, where Oracle Customers will receive Oracle Premier Support. Oracle continues to release no-cost public Java 8 updates for development and personal use indefinitely. Oracle also continues to release no-cost public Java 17 LTS updates for all users, including commercial and production use until September 2024.[3]

In the case of OpenJDK, both commercial long-term support and free software updates are available from multiple organizations in the broader community.[4]

Java 22 was released on March 19, 2024.

JDK 1.0

Version Name:JDK 1.0

The first version was released on January 23, 1996.[5] [6] The first stable version, JDK 1.0.2, is called Java 1.

JDK 1.1

Version Name:JDK 1.1

Major additions in the release on February 19, 1997 included:[7]

J2SE 1.2

Version Name:J2SE 1.2
Codename:Playground

The release on December 8, 1998 and subsequent releases through J2SE 5.0 were rebranded retrospectively Java 2 and the version name "J2SE" (Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition) replaced JDK to distinguish the base platform from J2EE (Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition) and J2ME (Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition). This was a very significant release of Java as it tripled the size of the Java platform to 1520 classes in 59 packages. Major additions included:[9]

J2SE 1.3

Version Name:J2SE 1.3
Codename:Kestrel

The most notable changes in the May 8, 2000 release were:[10] [11]

Java 1.3 is the last release of Java to officially support Microsoft Windows 95.[12]

J2SE 1.4

Version Name:J2SE 1.4
Codename:Merlin

The February 6, 2002 release was the first release of the Java platform developed under the Java Community Process as JSR 59. Major changes included:[13] [14]

Public support and security updates for Java 1.4 ended in October 2008. Paid security updates for Oracle customers ended in February 2013.[15]

Java SE 5

Version Name:Java SE 5
Codename:Tiger

The release on September 30, 2004 was originally numbered 1.5, which is still used as the internal version number. The number was changed to "better reflect the level of maturity, stability, scalability and security of the J2SE".[16] This version was developed under JSR 176.

Java SE 5 entered its end-of-public-updates period on April 8, 2008; updates are no longer available to the public as of November 3, 2009. Updates were available to paid Oracle customers until May 2015.

Tiger added a number of significant new language features:[17] [18]

There were also the following improvements to the standard libraries:

Java 5 is the last release of Java to officially support Microsoft Windows 98 and Windows ME,[21] while Windows Vista was the newest version of Windows that Java SE 5 was supported on prior to Java 5 going end-of-life in October of 2009.

Java 5 Update 5 (1.5.0_05) is the last release of Java to work on Windows 95 (with Internet Explorer 5.5 installed) and Windows NT 4.0.[22]

Java 5 was first available on Apple Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger)[23] and was the default version of Java installed on Apple Mac OS X 10.5 (Leopard).

Public support and security updates for Java 1.5 ended in November 2009. Paid security updates for Oracle customers ended in April 2015.

Versioning change

This version introduced a new versioning system for the Java language, although the old versioning system continued to be used for developer libraries:

This correspondence continued through later releases (Java 6 = JDK 1.6, Java 7 = JDK 1.7, and so on).

Java SE 6

Version Name:Java SE 6
Codename:Mustang

As of the version released on December 11, 2006, Sun replaced the name "J2SE" with Java SE and dropped the ".0" from the version number.[24] Internal numbering for developers remains 1.6.0.[25]

This version was developed under JSR 270.

During the development phase, new builds including enhancements and bug fixes were released approximately weekly. Beta versions were released in February and June 2006, leading up to a final release that occurred on December 11, 2006.

Major changes included in this version:[26] [27]

Java 6 can be installed to Mac OS X 10.5 (Leopard) running on 64-bit (Core 2 Duo and higher) processor machines.[31] Java 6 is also supported by both 32-bit and 64-bit machines running Mac OS X 10.6 (Snow Leopard).

Java 6 reached the end of its supported life in February 2013, at which time all public updates, including security updates, were scheduled to be stopped.[32] [33] Oracle released two more updates to Java 6 in March and April 2013, which patched some security vulnerabilities.[34] [35]

Java 6 updates

After Java 6 release, Sun, and later Oracle, released several updates which, while not changing any public API, enhanced end-user usability or fixed bugs.[36]

Table of Java 6 updates
width=160 Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 62006-12-23This release adds many enhancements in the fields of Web services, scripting, databases, pluggable annotations, and security, as well as quality, compatibility, and stability. JConsole is now officially supported. Java DB support has been added.
Java SE 6 Update 12007-05-07
Java SE 6 Update 22007-07-03
Java SE 6 Update 32007-10-03
Java SE 6 Update 42008-01-14 HotSpot VM 10
Java SE 6 Update 52008-03-05 Several security flaws were eliminated. New root certificates from AOL, DigiCert, and TrustCenter are now included.
Java SE 6 Update 62008-04-16 A workaround for the infamous Xlib/XCB locking assertion issue was introduced. A memory leak when using Kerberos authentication with LoginContext was fixed. Several other bugs were fixed.
Java SE 6 Update 7Unofficially, Java SE 6 Update 7 (1.6.0.7) is the last version of Java that was shown to be working on the Win9x family of operating systems
Java SE 6 Update 102008-10-15HotSpot VM 11. Major changes for this update include:
  • Java Deployment Toolkit, a set of JavaScript functions to ease the deployment of applets and Java Web Start applications.[37]
  • Java Kernel, a small installer including only the most commonly used JRE classes. Other packages are downloaded when needed.
  • Enhanced updater.
  • Enhanced versioning and pack200 support: server-side support is no longer required.
  • Java Quick Starter, to improve cold start-up time.
  • Improved performance of Java2D graphics primitives on Windows, using Direct3D and hardware acceleration.
  • A new Swing look and feel called Nimbus and based on synth.[38]
  • Next-Generation Java Plug-In: applets now run in a separate process and support many features of Web Start applications.
Java SE 6 Update 11[39] 2008-12-03 13 security fixes
Java SE 6 Update 12 2008-12-12No security fixes; 64-bit Java plug-in (for 64-bit web browsers only); Windows Server 2008 support; performance improvements of graphics and JavaFX applications
Java SE 6 Update 13 2009-03-247 security fixes, JNDI store and retrieve Java objects in LDAP slightly modified, JMX Change (createMBeanunregisterMBean), 4 new root certificates added
Java SE 6 Update 142009-05-28HotSpot VM 14. This release includes extensive performance updates to the JIT compiler, compressed pointers for 64-bit machines, as well as support for the G1 (Garbage First) low-pause garbage collector.[40] [41]

The -XX:+DoEscapeAnalysis option directs the HotSpot JIT compiler to use escape analysis to determine whether local objects can be allocated on the stack instead of the heap.

Some developers have noticed an issue introduced in this release which causes debuggers to miss breakpoints seemingly randomly.[42] Sun has a corresponding bug, which is tracking the issue. The workaround applies to the Client and Server VMs.[43] Using the -XX:+UseParallelGC option will prevent the failure. Another workaround is to roll back to update 13, or to upgrade to update 16.

Java SE 6 Update 15 2009-08-04 Introduced patch-in-place functionality
Java SE 6 Update 16 2009-08-11 Fixed the issue introduced in update 14 which caused debuggers to miss breakpoints
Java SE 6 Update 17 2009-11-04 Security fixes; two new root certificates
Java SE 6 Update 18 2010-01-13 No security fixes; Hotspot VM 16; support for Ubuntu 8.04 LTS Desktop Edition, SLES 11, Windows 7, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.3, Firefox 3.6, VisualVM 1.2; updated Java DB; many performance improvements
Java SE 6 Update 19 2010-03-30 Security fixes; root certificate changes: seven new, three removed, five replaced with stronger signature algorithms; interim fix for TLS renegotiation attack
Java SE 6 Update 20 2010-04-15 2 security fixes
Java SE 6 Update 21 2010-07-07 No security fixes; Hotspot VM 17; support for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.4 and 5.5, Oracle Enterprise Linux 4.8, 5.4, 5.5; Google Chrome 4 support; support for Customized Loading Progress Indicators; VisualVM 1.2.2
Java SE 6 Update 22 2010-10-12 29 security fixes; support
Java SE 6 Update 23 2010-12-08 No security fixes; Hotspot VM 19; better support for right-to-left languages
Java SE 6 Update 24 2011-02-15 21 security fixes; updated Java DB
Java SE 6 Update 25 2011-03-21No security fixes; Hotspot VM 20; support for Internet Explorer 9, Firefox 4 and Chrome 10; improved BigDecimal; includes "tiered" compilation in the Server VM that enables it to start quickly as does the Client VM, while achieving better peak performance (this feature is enabled by specifying -server and -XX:+TieredCompilation command options)
Java SE 6 Update 26 2011-06-07 17 new security fixes;[44] last version compatible with Windows Vista SP1
Java SE 6 Update 27 2011-08-16 No security fixes; certification for Firefox 5
Java SE 6 Update 29 2011-10-18 20 security fixes, various bug fixes[45]
Java SE 6 Update 30 2011-12-12 No security fixes; fix for SSL regression in Update 29; support for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
Java SE 6 Update 31 2012-02-14 14 security fixes and one bug fix; last version work reliably for Windows 2000[46]
Java SE 6 Update 32 2012-04-26 No security fixes, various bug fixes
Java SE 6 Update 33 2012-06-12 14 security fixes, improved VM configuration file loading
Java SE 6 Update 34 2012-08-14 No security fixes, various bug fixes
Java SE 6 Update 35 2012-08-30 Contains a security-in-depth fix
Java SE 6 Update 37 2012-10-16 30 security fixes
Java SE 6 Update 38 2012-12-11 Various bug fixes
Java SE 6 Update 39 2013-02-01 50 security fixes
Java SE 6 Update 41 2013-02-19 5 security fixes
Java SE 6 Update 43 2013-03-04 2 security fixes
Java SE 6 Update 45 2013-04-16 42 security fixes;[47] other changes; final public update.[48]
Java SE 6 Update 51 2013-06-18 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Apple Update for OS X Snow Leopard, Lion & Mountain Lion; up to 40 security fixes[49]
Java SE 6 Update 65 2013-10-15 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Apple Update for OS X Snow Leopard, Lion & Mountain Lion; at least 11 critical security fixes[50]
Java SE 6 Update 71 2014-01-14 Not available for public download; 33 fixes
Java SE 6 Update 75 2014-04-15 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster no. #54; 25 security fixes[51]
Java SE 6 Update 81 2014-07-15 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 11 security fixes[52]
Java SE 6 Update 85 2014-10-16 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 18 security fixes[53]
Java SE 6 Update 91 2015-01-21 Linux x64 and Windows i586 versions are available as the Java SE 6 Reference Implementation.[54] Other versions are only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 15 security fixes[55]
Java SE 6 Update 95 2015-04-14 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 14 security fixes[56]
Java SE 6 Update 101 2015-07-15 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 18 security fixes[57] Certification for IE 10 and 11 was introduced in 1.6.0_101
Java SE 6 Update 105 2015-10-20 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 17 security fixes[58]
Java SE 6 Update 111 2016-01-20 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 13 security fixes[59]
Java SE 6 Update 113 2016-02-05 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 1 security fix[60]
Java SE 6 Update 115 2016-04-21 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 8 security fixes[61]
Java SE 6 Update 121 2016-07-19 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 15 security fixes[62]
Java SE 6 Update 131 2016-10-18 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 13 security fixes[63]
Java SE 6 Update 141 2017-01-17 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 17 security fixes[64]
Java SE 6 Update 151 2017-04-18 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 10 security fixes[65]
Java SE 6 Update 161 2017-07-18 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 5 security fixes[66]
Java SE 6 Update 171 2017-10-20 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 7 security fixes[67]
Java SE 6 Update 181 2018-01-16 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 12 security fixes[68]
Java SE 6 Update 191 2018-04-17 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 7 security fixes[69]
Java SE 6 Update 201 2018-07-17 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 3 security fixes[70]
Java SE 6 Update 211 2018-10-18 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 8 security fixes[71]

Java SE 7

Version Name:Java SE 7
Codename:Dolphin[72]

Java 7 was a major update that launched on July 7, 2011[73] and was made available for developers on July 28, 2011.[74] The development period was organized into thirteen milestones; on June 6, 2011, the last of the thirteen milestones was finished.[75] On average, 8 builds (which generally included enhancements and bug fixes) were released per milestone. The feature list at the OpenJDK 7 project lists many of the changes.

Additions in Java 7 include:[76]

Lambda (Java's implementation of lambda functions), Jigsaw (Java's implementation of modules), and part of Coin were dropped from Java 7, and released as part of Java 8 (except for Jigsaw, which was released in Java 9).[93]

Java 7 was the default version to download on java.com from April 2012 until Java 8 was released.[94]

Java 7 updates

Oracle issued public updates to the Java 7 family on a quarterly basis[95] until April 2015 when the product reached the end of its public availability.[96] Further updates for JDK 7, which continued until July 2022, are only made available to customers with a support contract.[97]

Table of Java 7 updates
width=160 Releasewidth=110 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 7[98] 2011-07-28 Initial release; HotSpot VM 21
Java SE 7 Update 12011-10-18 20 security fixes, other bug fixes
Java SE 7 Update 22011-12-12 No security fixes; HotSpot VM 22; reliability and performance improvements; support for Solaris 11 and Firefox 5 and later; JavaFX included with Java SE JDK, improvements for web-deployed applications
Java SE 7 Update 32012-02-14 14 security fixes[99]
Java SE 7 Update 42012-04-26 No security updates; HotSpot VM 23; JDK Support for Mac OS X
Java SE 7 Update 52012-06-12 14 security fixes[100]
Java SE 7 Update 62012-08-14 JavaFX and Java Access Bridge included in Java SE JDK and JRE installation, JavaFX support for touch-enabled monitors and touch pads, JavaFX support for Linux, JDK and JRE Support for Mac OS X, JDK for Linux on ARM[101]
Java SE 7 Update 72012-08-30 4 security fixes[102]
Java SE 7 Update 92012-10-16 30 security vulnerabilities fixes[103]
Java SE 7 Update 102012-12-11 New security features, such as the ability to disable any Java application from running in the browser and new dialogs to warn you when the JRE is insecure, and bug fixes
Java SE 7 Update 112013-01-13 Olson Data 2012i; bugfix for problems with registration of plugin on systems with Stand-alone version of JavaFX Installed, security fixes for ;[104] the default security level for Java applets and web start applications has been increased from "Medium" to "High"
Java SE 7 Update 13[105] 2013-02-01 50 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 152013-02-19 5 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 172013-03-04 2 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 212013-04-16 Multiple changes including 42 security fixes, a new Server JRE that does not include the plug-in, and the JDK for Linux on ARM
Java SE 7 Update 252013-06-18 Multiple changes including 40 security fixes[106]
Java SE 7 Update 402013-09-10 621 bug fixes,[107] New security features, hardfloat ARM, Java Mission Control 5.2 and Retina Display support[108]
Java SE 7 Update 452013-10-15 51 security fixes; protections against unauthorized redistribution of Java applications; restore security prompts; JAXP changes; TimeZone.setDefault change
Java SE 7 Update 512014-01-14 36 security fixes; block JAVA applets without manifest (like Remote console – Java Applet – IBM IMM card, HP iLO card) even if warning dialog is with sentence "will be blocked in next version",[109] [110] 17 bug fixes
Java SE 7 Update 552014-04-15 37 security fixes, 19 bug fixes[111]
Java SE 7 Update 602014-05-28 Java Mission Control 5.3,[112] 130 bug fixes[113]
Java SE 7 Update 652014-07-15 18 bug fixes
Java SE 7 Update 672014-08-04 1 bug fix
Java SE 7 Update 712014-10-14 16 bug fixes
Java SE 7 Update 722014-10-14 Same release date with Update 71 as a corresponding Patch Set Update (PSU) for Java SE 7,[114] 36 bug fixes
Java SE 7 Update 752015-01-20 12 bug fixes, SSLv3 disabled by default
Java SE 7 Update 762015-01-20 Same release date with Update 75 as a corresponding Patch Set Update (PSU) for Java SE 7, 97 bug fixes
Java SE 7 Update 792015-04-14 21 security fixes, 6 bug fixes,
Java SE 7 Update 802015-04-14 Last public release of Java 7; same release date with Update 79 as a corresponding Patch Set Update (PSU) for Java SE 7, 104 bug fixes
Java SE 7 Update 852015-07-15 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 25 security fixes[115]
Java SE 7 Update 912015-10-20 Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 20 security fixes[116]
Java SE 7 Update 952016-01-19Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 8 security fixes[117]
Java SE 7 Update 972016-02-05Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 1 security fix
Java SE 7 Update 992016-03-23Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 1 security fix[118]
Java SE 7 Update 1012016-04-18Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 22 security fixes[119]
Java SE 7 Update 1112016-07-19Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 36 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 1212016-10-18Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 32 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 1312017-01-17Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 34 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 1412017-04-18Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 8 security fixes[120]
Java SE 7 Update 1512017-07-18Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 4 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 1612017-10-20Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 4 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 1712018-01-16Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 51 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 1812018-04-17Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 12 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 1912018-07-17Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 9 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 2012018-10-18Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 13 security fixes
Java SE 7 Update 2112019-01-15Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 5 security fixes[121]
Java SE 7 Update 2212019-04-16Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 5 security fixes[122]
Java SE 7 Update 2312019-07-16Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 6 security fixes[123]
Java SE 7 Update 2412019-10-15Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 15 security fixes[124]
Java SE 7 Update 2512020-01-14Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 12 security fixes[125]
Java SE 7 Update 2612020-04-14Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 15 security fixes[126]
Java SE 7 Update 2712020-07-14Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 11 security fixes[127]
Java SE 7 Update 2812020-10-20Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 8 security fixes[128]
Java SE 7 Update 2912021-01-19Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 1 security fixes[129]
Java SE 7 Update 3012021-04-12Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 11 security fixes[130]
Java SE 7 Update 3112021-07-20Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 24 bug fixes[131]
Java SE 7 Update 3212021-10-19Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 16 bug fixes[132]
Java SE 7 Update 3312022-01-18Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended Patchset Cluster; 18 bug fixes[133]

Java SE 8

Version Name:Java SE 8
Lts:yes
Jeps:8

Java 8 was released on March 18, 2014,[134] [135] and included some features that were planned for Java 7 but later deferred.[136]

Work on features was organized in terms of JDK Enhancement Proposals (JEPs).[137]

Java 8 is not supported on Windows XP[146] but as of JDK 8 update 25, it can still be installed and run under Windows XP.[147] Previous updates of JDK 8 could be run under XP by downloading archived zip format file and unzipping it for the executable. The last version of Java 8 could run on XP is update 251.

From October 2014, Java 8 was the default version to download (and then again the download replacing Java 9) from the official website.[148] "Oracle will continue to provide Public Updates and auto updates of Java SE 8, Indefinitely for Personal Users".[149]

Java 8 updates

Table of Java 8 updates
width=170 Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 82014-03-18Initial release
Java SE 8 Update 5[150] 2014-04-15Using "*" in Caller-Allowable-Codebase attribute; 11 bug fixes
Java SE 8 Update 11[151] 2014-07-15Java Dependency Analysis Tool (jdeps); Java Control Panel option to disable sponsors; JAR file attribute – Entry-Point; JAXP processing limit property – maxElementDepth; 18 security bug fixes,[152] 15 bug fixes
Java SE 8 Update 20[153] 2014-08-19669 bug fixes,[154] JMC 5.4, String deduplication (disabled by default)
Java SE 8 Update 25[155] 2014-10-1410 bug fixes
Java SE 8 Update 31[156] 2015-01-1926 bug fixes; SSLv3 (disabled by default)
Java SE 8 Update 40[157] 2015-03-03645 bug fixes,[158] Added the notion of "memory pressure" to help indicate how much of system's memory is still available (low pressure = high memory, high pressure = low memory)
Java SE 8 Update 45[159] 2015-04-1413 bug fixes
Java SE 8 Update 51[160] 2015-07-14Added support for native sandbox on Windows platforms (disabled by default); also, 25 security fixes, 14 bug fixes
Java SE 8 Update 60[161] 2015-08-18480 bug fixes[162]
Java SE 8 Update 65[163] 2015-10-2025 security fixes, 3 bug fixes
Java SE 8 Update 66[164] 2015-11-1615 bug fixes
Java SE 8 Update 71[165] 2016-01-198 security fixes, 5 bug fixes[166]
Java SE 8 Update 72[167] 2016-01-198 security fixes, 5 bug fixes, several enhancements
Java SE 8 Update 73[168] 2016-02-031 security fix
Java SE 8 Update 74[169] 2016-02-031 security fix
Java SE 8 Update 77[170] 2016-03-231 security fix
Java SE 8 Update 91[171] 2016-04-199 security fixes, 4 bug fixes and enhancements
Java SE 8 Update 92[172] 2016-04-19Security and bug fixes from 8u91, plus 76 additional bug fixes; the ExitOnOutOfMemoryError and CrashOnOutOfMemoryError flags have been introduced
Java SE 8 Update 101[173] 2016-07-19Security and bug fixes from 8u92, plus 9 additional bug fixes
Java SE 8 Update 102[174] 2016-07-19Security and bug fixes from 8u101, plus 118 additional bug fixes
Java SE 8 Update 111[175] 2016-10-187 Security fixes and 9 bug fixes
Java SE 8 Update 112[176] 2016-10-18Additional features and 139 bug fixes over 8u111
Java SE 8 Update 121[177] 2017-01-173 additional features, 5 changes, and 11 bug fixes over 8u112.
Java SE 8 Update 131[178] 2017-04-184 changes and 42 bug fixes (2 notable).
Java SE 8 Update 141[179] 2017-07-18Additional feature, 3 changes and 12 bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 144[180] 2017-07-2632 Security fixes and bug fixes from 8u141.
Java SE 8 Update 151[181] 2017-10-1722 Security fixes, 2 notes, 1 certificate revocation, 1 new feature, 6 changes and 24 bug fixes from 8u144.
Java SE 8 Update 152[182] 2017-10-17Security fixes, 1 new feature, 1 change and 238 bug fixes from 8u151 (1 notable).
Java SE 8 Update 161[183] 2018-01-1621 Security fixes, 3 new features, 9 changes and 1 bug fix from 8u152.
Java SE 8 Update 162[184] 2018-01-16Security fixes, 63 bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 171[185] 2018-04-17Security fixes, bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 172[186] 2018-04-17Security fixes, bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 181[187] 2018-07-17Security fixes, bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 191[188] 2018-10-16New features, changes, bug fixes, security fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 192[189] 2018-10-16New features, changes, bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 201[190] 2019-01-15New features, changes, bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 202[191] 2019-01-15New features, changes, bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 211[192] 2019-04-16New features, changes, bug fixes. License Update.
Java SE 8 Update 212[193] 2019-04-16New features (e.g. 5 currency symbols, including for Bitcoin and "New Japanese Era Name Reiwa"), changes, bug fixes. License Update.
Java SE 8 Update 221[194] 2019-07-16New features, changes, bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 231[195] 2019-10-15New features, changes, bug fixes and 18 security fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 241[196] 2020-01-14New features, changes, bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 251[197] 2020-04-14New features, changes, bug fixes. The last version that was shown to be working on Windows XP unofficially.
Java SE 8 Update 261[198] 2020-07-14New features, changes, 133 bug fixes.[199]
Java SE 8 Update 271[200] 2020-10-20New features, changes, 65 bug fixes.[201]
Java SE 8 Update 281[202] 2021-01-19New features, changes, 33 bug fixes.[203]
Java SE 8 Update 291[204] 2021-04-20New features, changes, 28 bug fixes.[205]
Java SE 8 Update 301[206] 2021-07-20New features, changes, 90 bug fixes.[207]
Java SE 8 Update 311[208] 2021-10-19New features, changes, 52 bug fixes.[209]
Java SE 8 Update 321[210] 2022-01-18New features, changes, 62 bug fixes.[211]
Java SE 8 Update 331[212] 2022-04-19New features, changes, 37 bug fixes.[213]
Java SE 8 Update 333[214] 2022-05-02Patch w/1 change and 2 bug fixes.[215]
Java SE 8 Update 341[216] 2022-07-19New features, changes, 42 bug fixes.[217]
Java SE 8 Update 351[218] 2022-10-18New features, changes, 95 bug fixes.[219]
Java SE 8 Update 361[220] 2023-01-17New features, changes, bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 371[221] 2023-04-18
Java SE 8 Update 381[222] 2023-07-18Security Patches
Java SE 8 Update 391[223] 2023-10-17
Java SE 8 Update 401[224] 2024-01-16
Java SE 8 Update 411[225] 2024-04-16Update time zone data to IANA TZ Data 2024a, new features, changes, updates to third-party libraries, 37 bug fixes.
Java SE 8 Update 421[226] 2024-07-16

Java SE 9

Version Name:Java SE 9
Jeps:9

Java SE 9 was made available on September 21, 2017[227] due to controversial acceptance of the current implementation of Project Jigsaw by Java Executive Committee[228] which led Oracle to fix some open issues and concerns and to refine some critical technical questions. In the last days of June 2017, Java Community Process expressed nearly unanimous consensus on the proposed Module System scheme.[229]

The first Java 9 release candidate was released on August 9, 2017.[236] The first stable release of Java 9 was on September 21, 2017.[237]

History

At JavaOne 2011, Oracle discussed features they hoped to release for Java 9 in 2016.[238] Java 9 should include better support for multi-gigabyte heaps, better native code integration, a different default garbage collector (G1, for "shorter response times")[239] and a self-tuning JVM.[240] In early 2016, the release of Java 9 was rescheduled for March 2017[241] and later again postponed four more months to July 2017.[242]

Java 9 updates

Table of Java 9 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 9[243] 2017-09-21Initial release
Java SE 9.0.1[244] 2017-10-17New features
  • Add Additional IDL Stub Type Checks to org.omg.CORBA.ORB::string_to_object Method (other-libs/corba)

Known issues

  • TLS does not work by default on OpenJDK 9 (security-libs/java.security)

Changes

  • Remove revoked Swisscom root certificate "swisscomrootevca2" (security-libs/java.security)
  • Refactor existing providers to refer to the same constants for default values for key length (security-libs/java.security)
  • Collections use serialization filter to limit array sizes (security-libs/java.security)
  • Add warnings to keytool when using JKS and JCEKS (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Default timeouts have changed for FTP URL handler (core-libs/java.net)

Bug fixes

Java SE 9.0.4[246] 2018-01-16New features
  • Open source the root certificates in Oracle's Java SE Root CA program (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Added TLS session hash and extended master secret extension support (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Negotiated Finite Field Diffie-Hellman Ephemeral Parameters for TLS (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Add additional IDL stub type checks to org.omg.CORBA.ORBstring_to_object method (other-libs/corba)

Changes

  • RSA public key validation (security-libs/javax.crypto)
  • Provider default key size is updated (security-libs/javax.crypto)
  • Stricter key generation (security-libs/javax.crypto)
  • Disable exportable cipher suites (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • JMX Connections need deserialization filters (core-svc/javax.management)
  • JDK Transform, Validation and XPath use the system-default parser (xml/jaxp)

Bug fixes

  • JNLP files won't launch from IE11 on Windows 10 Creators Update (deploy/webstart)
  • 11 bug fixes[247]

Java SE 10

Version Name:Java SE 10
Jeps:12

OpenJDK 10 was released on March 20, 2018, with twelve new features confirmed.[248] Among these features were:

The first of these JEP 286 Local-Variable Type Inference, allows the var keyword to be used for local variables with the actual type calculated by the compiler. So we can do:var list = new ArrayList; // infers ArrayListvar stream = list.stream; // infers Stream

Java 10 updates

Table of Java 10 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 10[249] 2018-03-20Initial release
Java SE 10.0.1[250] 2018-04-17New features
  • Enhanced KeyStore Mechanisms (security-libs/javax.crypto)

Changes

  • XML Signatures Signed with EC Keys Less Than 224 Bits Disabled (security-libs/javax.xml.crypto)
  • 3DES Cipher Suites Disabled (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)

Other notes

  • CipherOutputStream Usage (security-libs/javax.crypto)

Bug fixes

Java SE 10.0.2[252] 2018-07-17Changes
  • filterArguments runs multiple filters in the wrong order (core-libs/java.lang.invoke)
  • Improve LDAP support (core-libs/javax.naming)
  • Better stack walking (core-libs/java.io:serialization)

Bug fixes

  • JVM Crash during G1 GC (hotspot/gc)
  • 7 bug fixes[253]

Java SE 11

Version Name:Java SE 11
Lts:yes
Jeps:17
Removed:Java applets, Java Web Start, JavaFX, JavaEE, and CORBA modules

JDK 11 was released on September 25, 2018 and the version is currently open for bug fixes. It offers LTS, or Long-Term Support. Among others, Java 11 includes a number of new features, such as:[254]

A number of features from previous releases were dropped; in particular, Java applets and Java Web Start are no longer available. JavaFX, Java EE and CORBA modules have been removed from JDK.[255]

Java 11 updates

Table of Java 11 updates! width="170"
ReleaseRelease dateHighlights
Java SE 11[256] 2018-09-25Initial release
Java SE 11.0.1[257] 2018-10-16Changes
  • Added Additional TeliaSonera Root Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Improve LDAP support (core-libs/javax.naming)
  • Changed Central File System Location for usagetracker.properties File (core-svc)
  • Problem looking up Client Certificates in keystore (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Disabled All DES TLS Cipher Suites (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Improved Cipher Inputs (security-libs/javax.crypto)

Bug fixes

  • LDAPS Communication Failure (core-libs/javax.naming)
  • Better HTTP Redirection Support (core-libs/java.net)
  • 5 bug fixes[258]
Java SE 11.0.2[259] 2019-01-15Known issues
  • GTK+ 3.20 and Later Unsupported by Swing (client-libs)

Changes

  • TLS anon and NULL Cipher Suites are Disabled (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Linux Native Code Checks (hotspot/runtime)
  • Enable Java Access Bridge Check Box Option in Control Panel Is Not Available with JDK 11 Installer (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.3[261] 2019-04-16New features
  • Square Character Support for Japanese New Era (core-libs/java.util:i18n)

Known issues

  • Java Access Bridge Installation Workaround (install)

Changes

  • Added GlobalSign R6 Root Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Distrust TLS Server Certificates Anchored by Symantec Root CAs (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • New Japanese Era Name Reiwa (core-libs/java.time)
  • Support New Japanese Era in java.time.chrono.JapaneseEra (core-libs/java.time)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.4[263] 2019-07-16New features
  • HotSpot Windows OS Detection Correctly Identifies Windows Server 2019 (hotspot/runtime)

Removed features and options

  • Removal of Two DocuSign Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Removal of Two Comodo Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Removal of T-Systems Deutsche Telekom Root CA 2 Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Removal of GTE CyberTrust Global Root (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.ignoreLineBreaks System Property (security-libs/javax.xml.crypto)
  • System Property to Switch Between Implementations of ECC (security-libs/javax.crypto)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.5[265] 2019-10-15New features
  • New Java Flight Recorder (JFR) Security Events (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Using the JDK or JRE on macOS Catalina (10.15) (docs)
  • Remove Obsolete NIST EC Curves from the Default TLS Algorithms (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Use SunJCE Mac in SecretKeyFactory PBKDF2 Implementation (security-libs/javax.crypto)
  • Java Access Bridge Installation Workaround (install)
  • Updated XML Signature Implementation to Apache Santuario 2.1.3 (security-libs/javax.xml.crypto)
  • System Property jdk.security.useLegacyECC is Turned Off by Default (security-libs/javax.crypto)
  • Changed Properties.loadFromXML to Comply with Specification (core-libs/java.util)
  • Runtime.exec and ProcessBuilder Argument Restrictions (core-libs/java.lang)
  • Windows 2019 Core Server Is Not Supported (client-libs/2d)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.6[267] 2020-01-14New features
  • Allow SASL Mechanisms to Be Restricted (security-libs/javax.security)
  • SunPKCS11 Provider Upgraded with Support for PKCS#11 v2.40 (security-libs/javax.crypto:pkcs11)

Other notes

  • Improve Registry Support (core-libs/java.rmi)
  • New Checks on Trust Anchor Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Exact Match Required for Trusted TLS Server Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added LuxTrust Global Root 2 Certificate (install/security-libs/java.security)
  • Added 4 Amazon Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Turn off AOT by Default and Change Related Flags to Experimental (hotspot/compiler)
  • Epsilon GC handled checked array stores incorrectly (hotspot/gc)

Bug fixes

  • Memory Growth Issue in SunPKCS11 Fixed (security-libs/javax.crypto:pkcs11)
  • Better Serial Filter Handling (core-libs/java.io:serialization)
  • 123 bug fixes[268]
Java SE 11.0.7[269] 2020-04-14New features
  • Support for MS Cryptography Next Generation (CNG) (security-libs/javax.crypto)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.8[271] 2020-07-14New features
  • New System Properties to Configure the TLS Signature Schemes (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Apache Santuario Library Updated to Version 2.1.4 (security-libs/javax.xml.crypto)
  • Toolchain Upgrade to Xcode 10.1 (infrastructure)
  • Oracle JDK Installer for Windows Provides Executables (javac, etc) in a Path Reachable From Any Command Prompt (install/install)

Removed features and options

  • Removal of Comodo Root CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Removal of DocuSign Root CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Improved Serialization Handling (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Better Listing of Arrays (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Default SSLEngine Should Create in Server Role (security-libs/javax.net.sslc)
  • OperatingSystemMXBean Methods Inside a Container Return Container Specific Data (core-svc/java.lang.management)
  • Default SSL Session Cache Size Updated to 20480 (security-libs)
  • Deprecated NSWindowStyleMaskTexturedBackground (client-libs/javax.swing)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.9[273] 2020-10-20New features
  • Weak Named Curves in TLS, CertPath, and Signed JAR Disabled by Default (security-libs/java.security)
  • Support for Kerberos Cross-Realm Referrals (RFC 6806) (security-libs/org.ietf.jgss:krb5)
  • Improve Certificate Chain Handling (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Tools Warn If Weak Algorithms Are Used (security-libs/java.security)
  • Support for canonicalize in krb5.conf (security-libs/org.ietf.jgss:krb5)

Other notes

  • Added Property to Control LDAP Authentication Mechanisms Allowed to Authenticate Over Clear Connections (core-libs/javax.naming)
  • Added 3 SSL Corporation Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Entrust Root Certification Authority – G4 certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Localized Time Zone Name Inconsistency Between English and Other Locales (core-libs/java.util:i18n)
  • Enhanced Support of Proxy Class (core-libs/java.io:serialization)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.10[275] 2021-01-19New features
  • -groupname Option Added to keytool Key Pair Generation (security-libs/java.security)
  • Support for certificate_authorities Extension (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • POSIX_SPAWN Option on Linux (core-libs/java.lang)
  • Support for X25519 and X448 in TLS (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • jarsigner Preserves POSIX File Permission and symlink Attributes (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Oracle JDK11u for Solaris Now Requires harfbuzz to be Installed (client-libs/2d)
  • JDK time-zone data upgraded to tzdata2020d (core-libs/java.time)
  • JDK time-zone data upgraded to tzdata2020c (core-libs/java.time)
  • US/Pacific-New Zone Name Removed as Part of tzdata2020b (core-libs/java.time)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.11[277] 2021-04-20New features
  • jdeps --print-module-deps Reports Transitive Dependences (tools)

Other notes

  • New System and Security Properties to Control Reconstruction of Remote Objects by JDK's Built-in JNDI RMI and LDAP Implementations (core-libs/javax.naming)
  • Added 2 HARICA Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Disable TLS 1.0 and 1.1 (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Modified the MS950 charset Encoder's Conversion Table (core-libs/java.nio.charsets)
  • Less Ambiguous Processing of ProcessBuilder Quotes on Windows > (core-libs/java.lang)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.12[279] 2021-07-20New features
  • Support cross-realm MSSFU (security-libs/org.ietf.jgss:krb5)
  • Customizing PKCS12 keystore Generation (security-libs/java.security)

Removed features and options

  • Removed Root Certificates with 1024-bit Keys (security-libs/java.security)
  • Removed Telia Company's Sonera Class2 CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Updated List of Capabilities Provided by JDK RPMs (install/install)
  • ADDLOCAL=ToolsFeature,SourceFeature Argument No Longer Needed For Windows JDK Installer (install/install)
  • Upgraded the Default PKCS12 Encryption and MAC Algorithms (security-libs/java.security)
  • Disable SHA-1 JARs (security-libs/java.security)
  • Improve Encoding of TLS Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation (ALPN) Values (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • URL FTP Protocol Handler: IPv4 Address Validation in Passive Mode (core-libs/java.net)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.13[281] 2021-10-19New features
  • Context-specific Deserialization Filters (core-libs/java.io:serialization)

Removed features and options

  • Removed IdenTrust Root Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Remove the Experimental AOT and JIT Compiler in OracleJDK 11u (hotspot/compiler)

Other notes

  • Release Doesn't Correctly Recognize Windows 11 (core-libs/java.lang)
  • Change to Package Names in Linux RPM/DEB Installers (install)
  • Updated the Default Enabled Cipher Suites Preference (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • System Property to Control Reconstruction of Reference Address Objects by JDK's Built-in JNDI LDAP Implementation (core-libs/javax.naming)
  • Release Doesn't Correctly Recognize Windows Server 2022 (hotspot/runtime)
  • Updated keytool to Create AKID From SKID of Issuing Certificate as Specified by RFC 5280 (security-libs/java.security)
  • SunPKCS11 Initialization With NSS When External FIPS Modules Are in Security Modules Database (security-libs/javax.crypto:pkcs11)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.14[283] 2022-01-18New features
  • New SunPKCS11 Configuration Properties (security-libs/javax.crypto:pkcs11)
  • Configurable Extensions With System Properties (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)

Removed features and options

  • Removed Google's GlobalSign Root Certificate (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Zip File System Provider Throws ZipException When Entry Name Element Contains "." or ".." (core-libs/java.nio)
  • Update Timezone Data to 2021c (core-libs/java.time)
  • LDAP Channel Binding Support for Java GSS/Kerberos (core-libs/javax.naming)
  • SocketExceptions Are Not Wrapped Into SSLExceptions in SSLSocketImpl (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • OperatingSystemMXBean.getProcessCpuLoad Is Now Container Aware (hotspot/runtime)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.15[285] 2022-04-19New features
  • SunPKCS11 Provider Supports ChaCha20-Poly1305 Cipher and ChaCha20 KeyGenerator if Supported by PKCS11 Library (security-libs/javax.crypto:pkcs11)
  • ChaCha20 and Poly1305 TLS Cipher Suites (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • New XML Processing Limits (xml/jaxp)

Other notes

  • Only Expose Certificates With Proper Trust Settings as Trusted Certificate Entries in macOS KeychainStore (security-libs/java.security)
  • Parsing of URL Strings in Built-in JNDI Providers Is More Strict (core-libs/javax.naming)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.16[287] 2022-07-19New features
  • HTTPS Channel Binding Support for Java GSS/Kerberos (core-libs/java.net)

Other notes

  • Update java.net.InetAddress to Detect Ambiguous IPv4 Address Literals (core-libs/java.net)
  • JDK Bundle Extensions Truncated When Downloading Using Firefox 102 (core-libs/java.io:serialization)
  • Vector Should Throw ClassNotFoundException for a Missing Class of an Element (core-libs/java.io:serialization)
  • Default JDK Compressor Will Be Closed when IOException Is Encountered (core-libs/java.util.jar)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.16.1[289] 2022-08-18Changes
  • C2 Compilation Errors Unpredictably Crashes JVM (hotspot/compiler)
Java SE 11.0.17[290] 2022-10-18New features
  • Upgrade the Default PKCS12 MAC Algorithm (security-libs/java.security)
  • JDK Flight Recorder Event for Deserialization (core-libs/java.io:serialization)

Other notes

  • Disabled SHA-1 Signed JARs (security-libs/java.security)
  • Deprecate 3DES and RC4 in Kerberos (security-libs/org.ietf.jgss:krb5)
  • Make HttpURLConnection Default Keep Alive Timeout Configurable (core-libs/java.net)
  • CPU Shares Ignored When Computing Active Processor Count (hotspot/runtime)
  • Update Timezone Data to 2022c (core-libs/java.time)
  • New System Property to Limit the Number of Open Connections to com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer (core-libs/java.net)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.18[292] 2023-01-17New features
  • DTLS Resumption Uses HelloVerifyRequest Messages (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Support for RSASSA-PSS in OCSP Response (security-libs/java.security)

Known issues

  • Installation of Oracle Linux Specific x64 JDK RPMs Pulls in i686 Dependencies (install/install)

Other notes

  • FXML JavaScript Engine Disabled by Default (javafx/fxml)
  • Translated resource bundles for German (globalization)
  • RPM JDK Installer Changes (install/install)
  • Disable Side-by-Side Installations of Multiple JDK Updates in Windows JDK Installers (install/install)
  • All JDK Update Releases Are Installed Into the Same Directory on macOS (install/install)
  • Incorrect Handling of Quoted Arguments in ProcessBuilder (core-libs/java.lang)
  • New Implementation Note for LoginModule on Removing Null from a Principals or Credentials set (security-libs/javax.security)
  • Toolchain Upgrade to Visual Studio 2022 (infrastructure)
  • Change in SSLEngine.closeInbound Behavior (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.19[294] 2023-04-18New features
  • Added a Default Native GSS-API Library on Windows (security-libs/org.ietf.jgss)

Other notes

  • System Property to Handle HTML ObjectView Creation (client-libs/javax.swing)
  • Added Certigna(Dhimyotis) Root CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Removed SSLv2Hello and SSLv3 From Default Enabled TLS Protocols (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • File::listRoots Changed to Return All Available Drives on Windows (core-libs/java.io)
  • Crypto-J Exception for Diffie-Hellman and DSA AlgorithmParameters Requests (security-libs/java.security)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.20[296] 2023-07-18New features
  • Allow Additional Characters for GB18030-2022 Support (core-libs/java.lang)
  • Support for GB18030-2022 (core-libs/java.nio.charsets)
  • Update the Javadoc in the Character Class to State Support for GB 18030-2022 Implementation Level 2 (core-libs/java.lang)
  • Windows KeyStore Updated to Include Access to the Local Machine Location (security-libs/java.security)
  • New JFR Event: jdk.InitialSecurityProperty (security-libs/java.security)
  • New JFR Event: jdk.SecurityProviderService (security-libs/java.security)
  • JDK Now Accepts RSA Keys in PKCS#1 Format (security-libs/javax.crypto)

Known issues

  • Problem Upgrading JDK on Windows if System User Is Using Shared Files (install)

Other notes

  • System Property to Turn off JDK-8251329 Restrictions (core-libs/java.nio)
  • Missing /usr/java/default Symlink on Linux Restored (install/install)
  • Installation of JDK RPM Corrupts Alternatives (install/install)
  • Added TWCA Root CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added 4 GTS Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Microsoft Corporation's 2 TLS Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • System Property for Java SE Specification Maintenance Version (core-libs/java.lang)
  • GregorianCalender.computeTime JVM Crash (hotspot/compiler)
  • ASLR Support for CDS Archive (hotspot/runtime)
  • Throw Error If Default java.security File Fails to Load (security-libs/java.security)
  • New System Property to Control the Maximum Size of Signature Files (security-libs/java.security)
  • Improved ZIP64 Extra Field Validation (core-libs/java.util.jar)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.21[298] 2023-10-17New features
  • -XshowSettings:locale Output Now Includes Tzdata Version (tools/launcher)

Removed features and options

  • Removed SECOM Trust System's RootCA1 Root Certificate (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Added Certigna Root CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Debian JDK Installer Changes (install/install)
  • Ignore Allow and Disallow Options for java.security.manager System Property (security-libs/java.security)
  • The Default TLS Diffie-Hellman Group Size Has Been Increased from 1024-bit to 2048-bit (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Use Server Cipher Suites Preference by Default (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)

Bug fixes

Java SE 11.0.22[300] 2024-01-16New features
  • New System Property to Toggle XML Signature Secure Validation Mode (security-libs/javax.xml.crypto)

Known issues

  • Potential Performance Regression Due to Limited Range Check Elimination (hotspot/compiler)

Other notes

  • Add Process-Memory Information to hs-err and VM.info (hotspot/runtime)
  • Increase Default Value of the System Property jdk.jar.maxSignatureFileSize (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Four Root Certificates from DigiCert, Inc. (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Three Root Certificates from eMudhra Technologies Limited (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Telia Root CA v2 Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added ISRG Root X2 CA Certificate from Let's Encrypt (security-libs/java.security)
  • Call X509KeyManager.chooseClientAlias Once for All Key Types (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Add Process-Memory Information to hs-err and VM.info (hotspot/runtime)

Bug fixes

Java SE 12

Version Name:Java SE 12
Jeps:8
Previews:Enhanced switch statements

JDK 12 was released on March 19, 2019. Among others, Java 12 includes a number of new features, such as:[302]

The preview feature JEP 325 extends the switch statement so it can also be used as an expression, and adds a new form of case label where the right hand side is an expression. No break statement is needed. For complex expressions a yield statement can be used. This becomes standard in Java SE 14.

int ndays = switch(month) ;

Java 12 updates

Table of Java 12 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 12[303] 2019-03-19Initial release
Java SE 12.0.1[304] 2019-04-16Known issues
  • Java Access Bridge Installation Workaround (install)

Changes

  • Added GlobalSign R6 Root Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • New Japanese Era Name Reiwa (core-libs/java.time)

Bug fixes

Java SE 12.0.2[306] 2019-07-16Removed features and options
  • Removal of Two DocuSign Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Removal of Two Comodo Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Removal of T-Systems Deutsche Telekom Root CA 2 Certificate (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Java Access Bridge Installation Workaround (install)

Java SE 13

Version Name:Java SE 13
Jeps:5
Previews:Enhanced switch statements, text blocks
Public Death:[307]

JDK 13 was released on September 17, 2019. Java 13 includes the following new features, as well as "hundreds of smaller enhancements and thousands of bug fixes".[308]

JEP 355 Text Blocks allows multiline string literals:

String html = """

Hello, world

""";

Java 13 updates

Table of Java 13 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 13[309] 2019-09-17Initial release
Java SE 13.0.1[310] 2019-10-15Other notes
  • Using the JDK or JRE on macOS Catalina (10.15) (docs)
  • Remove Obsolete NIST EC Curves from the Default TLS Algorithms (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Text Visibility Issues in macOS Dark Mode (client-libs)
  • Runtime.exec and ProcessBuilder Argument Restrictions (core-libs/java.lang)
Java SE 13.0.2[311] 2020-01-14Other notes
  • New Checks on Trust Anchor Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Exact Match Required for Trusted TLS Server Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added LuxTrust Global Root 2 Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added 4 Amazon Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Improve Registry Support (core-libs/java.rmi)

Bug fixes

  • Better Serial Filter Handling (core-libs/java.io:serialization)
  • 29 bug fixes[312]

Java SE 14

Version Name:Java SE 14
Jeps:16
Features:Helpful NullPointerExceptions, enhanced switch statements
Removed:Remove Concurrent Mark Sweep garbage collector
Previews:Pattern matching for instanceof, records, text blocks
Incubating:jpackager, Foreign memory access

JDK 14 was released on March 17, 2020. Java 14 includes the following new features, as well as "hundreds of smaller enhancements and thousands of bug fixes".[313]

JEP 305, Pattern Matching for instanceof simplifies the common case of an instanceof test being immediately followed by cast, replacing

if (obj instanceof String)

with

if (obj instanceof String s)

JEP 359 Records allows easy creation of simple immutable Tuple-like classes.[314]

record Point(int x, int y) Point p = new Point(3, 4);System.out.println(p.x);

Java 14 updates

Table of Java 14 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 14[315] 2020-03-17Initial release
Java SE 14.0.1[316] 2020-04-14Bug fixes
Java SE 14.0.2[318] 2020-07-14Removed features and options
  • Removal of Comodo Root CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Removal of DocuSign Root CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Better Listing of Arrays (core-libs/java.util:collections)
  • Default SSLEngine Should Create in Server Role (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Improved Serialization Handling (core-libs/java.io:serialization)

Bug fixes

Java SE 15

Version Name:Java SE 15
Jeps:14
Features:Hidden classes, ZGC (garbage collector), Shenandoah (garbage collector), text blocks
Removed:JavaScript engine, Solaris and SPARC ports
Previews:Sealed classes, pattern matching of instanceof, records
Incubating:Foreign-memory access

JDK 15 was released on September 15, 2020. Java 15 adds e.g. support for multi-line string literals (aka Text Blocks). The Shenandoah and Z garbage collectors (latter sometimes abbreviated ZGC) are now ready for use in production (i.e. no longer marked experimental). Support for Oracle's Solaris operating system (and SPARC CPUs) is dropped (while still available in e.g. Java 11). The Nashorn JavaScript Engine is removed. Also removed some root CA certificates.

JEP 360 Sealed Classes adds sealed classes and interfaces that restrict which other classes or interfaces may extend or implement them. Only those classes specified in a permits clause may extend the class or interface.package com.example.geometry;

public abstract sealed class Shape permits Circle, Rectangle, Square

Together with records, sealed classes are sum types. They work well with other recent features like records, switch expressions, and pattern matching for instance-of. They all form part of a system for "Pattern matching in Java" first discussed by Gavin Bierman and Brian Goetz, in September 2018.[320]

Java 15 updates

Table of Java 15 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 15[321] 2020-09-15Initial release
Java SE 15.0.1[322] 2020-10-20New features
  • Improve Certificate Chain Handling (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)

Other notes

  • Added Property to Control LDAP Authentication Mechanisms Allowed to Authenticate Over Clear Connections (core-libs/javax.naming)
  • Added 3 SSL Corporation Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Entrust Root Certification Authority – G4 certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Enhanced Support of Proxy Class (core-libs/java.io:serialization)

Bug fixes

Java SE 15.0.2[324] 2021-01-19Other notes
  • JDK time-zone data upgraded to tzdata2020d (core-libs/java.time)
  • JDK time-zone data upgraded to tzdata2020c (core-libs/java.time)
  • US/Pacific-New Zone Name Removed as Part of tzdata2020b (core-libs/java.time)

Bug fixes

Java SE 16

Version Name:Java SE 16
Jeps:17
Features:Windows/AArch64 Port, jpackager, pattern matching for instanceof, records
Previews:Sealed classes
Incubating:Foreign linker, Foreign-memory access

JDK 16 was released on March 16, 2021. Java 16 removes Ahead-of-Time compilation (and Graal JIT) options.[326] The Java implementation itself was and is still written in C++, while as of Java 16, more recent C++14 (but still not e.g. C++17 or C++20) is allowed. The code was also moved to GitHub, dropping Mercurial as the source control system.

Java 16 updates

Table of Java 16 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 16[327] 2021-03-16Initial release
Java SE 16.0.1[328] 2021-04-20Other notes
  • New System and Security Properties to Control Reconstruction of Remote Objects by JDK's Built-in JNDI RMI and LDAP Implementations (core-libs/javax.naming)
  • Added 2 HARICA Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Less Ambiguous Processing of ProcessBuilder Quotes on Windows (core-libs/java.lang)

Bug fixes

Java SE 16.0.2[330] 2021-07-20Removed features and options
  • Removed Telia Company's Sonera Class2 CA certificate (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Updated List of Capabilities Provided by JDK RPMs (install/install)
  • Change to Package Names in Linux RPM/DEB Installers (install/install)
  • URL FTP Protocol Handler: IPv4 Address Validation in Passive Mode (core-libs/java.net)
  • SocketExceptions Are Not Wrapped Into SSLExceptions in SSLSocketImpl (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Disable SHA-1 JARs (security-libs/java.security)

Bug fixes

Java SE 17

Version Name:Java SE 17
Lts:yes
Jeps:14
Features:macOS/AArch64 Port, sealed classes
Removed:AOT compiler, RMI activation, [[strictfp]] keyword made obsolete (JEP 306)
Previews:Switch pattern matching
Incubating:Vector API, Foreign function & memory API

JDK 17 was released in September 2021.[332] Java 17 is the 2nd long-term support (LTS) release since switching to the new 6-month release cadence (the first being Java 11).

JEP 406 extends the pattern matching syntax used in instanceof operations to switch statements and expressions. It allows cases to be selected based on the type of the argument, null cases and refining patterns

Object o = ...;return switch (o) ;

Java 17 updates

Table of Java 17 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 17[333] 2021-09-14Initial release
Java SE 17.0.1[334] 2021-10-19Removed features and options
  • Removed IdenTrust Root Certificate (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Release Doesn't Correctly Recognize Windows 11 (core-libs/java.lang)
  • System Property to Control Reconstruction of Reference Address Objects by JDK's Built-in JNDI LDAP Implementation (core-libs/javax.naming)
  • Release Doesn't Correctly Recognize Windows Server 2022 (hotspot/runtime)
  • OperatingSystemMXBean.getProcessCpuLoad Is Now Container Aware (hotspot/runtime)

Bug fixes

Java SE 17.0.2[336] 2022-01-18Removed features and options
  • Removed Google's GlobalSign Root Certificate (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Extended Delay Before JDK Executable Installer Starts From Network Drive (install/install)
  • file.encoding System Property Has an Incorrect Value on Windows (core-libs/java.io)
  • Zip File System Provider Throws ZipException When Entry Name Element Contains "." or ".." (core-libs/java.nio)
  • Update Timezone Data to 2021c (core-libs/java.time)
  • ZGC: Fixed long Process Non-Strong References times (hotspot/gc)

Bug fixes

Java SE 17.0.3[338] 2022-04-19New features
  • New XML Processing Limits (xml/jaxp)

Other notes

  • Only Expose Certificates With Proper Trust Settings as Trusted Certificate Entries in macOS KeychainStore (security-libs/java.security)
  • Parsing of URL Strings in Built-in JNDI Providers Is More Strict (core-libs/javax.naming)

Bug fixes

Java SE 17.0.3.1[340] 2022-05-02Changes
  • New System Property to Disable Windows Alternate Data Stream Support in java.io.File (core-libs/java.io)

Bug fixes

Java SE 17.0.4[342] 2022-07-19New features
  • HTTPS Channel Binding Support for Java GSS/Kerberos (core-libs/java.net)

Other notes

  • Update java.net.InetAddress to Detect Ambiguous IPv4 Address Literals (core-libs/java.net)
  • Default JDK Compressor Will Be Closed when IOException Is Encountered (core-libs/java.util.jar)
  • CPU Shares Ignored When Computing Active Processor Count (hotspot/runtime)

Bug fixes

Java SE 17.0.4.1[344] 2022-08-18Changes
  • C2 Compilation Errors Unpredictably Crashes JVM (hotspot/compiler)
Java SE 17.0.5[345] 2022-10-18New features
  • HTTPS Channel Binding Support for Java GSS/Kerberos (core-libs/java.net)

Other notes

  • Update java.net.InetAddress to Detect Ambiguous IPv4 Address Literals (core-libs/java.net)
  • Default JDK Compressor Will Be Closed when IOException Is Encountered (core-libs/java.util.jar)
  • CPU Shares Ignored When Computing Active Processor Count (hotspot/runtime)

Bug fixes

Java SE 17.0.6[347] 2023-01-17New features
  • DTLS Resumption Uses HelloVerifyRequest Messages (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)
  • Support for RSASSA-PSS in OCSP Response (security-libs/java.security)

Known issues

  • Installation of Oracle Linux Specific x64 JDK RPMs Pulls in i686 Dependencies (install/install)

Other notes

  • FXML JavaScript Engine Disabled by Default (javafx/fxml)
  • Translated resource bundles for German (globalization)
  • RPM JDK Installer Changes (install/install)
  • Disable Side-by-Side Installations of Multiple JDK Updates in Windows JDK Installers (install/install)
  • All JDK Update Releases Are Installed Into the Same Directory on macOS (install/install)
  • Incorrect Handling of Quoted Arguments in ProcessBuilder (core-libs/java.lang)
  • New Implementation Note for LoginModule on Removing Null from a Principals or Credentials set (security-libs/javax.security)
  • Toolchain Upgrade to Visual Studio 2022 (infrastructure)
  • Change in SSLEngine.closeInbound Behavior (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)

Bug fixes

Java SE 17.0.7[349] 2023-04-18New features
  • New JFR Event: jdk.InitialSecurityProperty (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • System Property to Handle HTML ObjectView Creation (client-libs/javax.swing)
  • Added Certigna(Dhimyotis) CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • File::listRoots Changed to Return All Available Drives on Windows (core-libs/java.io)
  • Throw Error If Default java.security File Fails to Load (security-libs/java.security)
  • Crypto-J Exception for Diffie-Hellman and DSA AlgorithmParameters Requests (security-libs/java.security)

Bug fixes

Java SE 17.0.8[351] 2023-07-18New features
  • Support for GB18030-2022 (core-libs/java.nio.charsets)
  • Windows KeyStore Updated to Include Access to the Local Machine Location (security-libs/java.security)
  • New JFR Event: jdk.SecurityProviderService (security-libs/java.security)

Known issues

  • Problem Upgrading JDK on Windows if System User Is Using Shared Files (install)

Other notes

  • System Property to Turn off JDK-8251329 Restrictions (core-libs/java.nio)
  • Debian JDK Installer Changes (install/install)
  • Missing /usr/java/default Symlink on Linux Restored (install/install)
  • Installation of JDK RPM Corrupts Alternatives (install/install)
  • Added TWCA Root CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added 4 GTS Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Microsoft Corporation's 2 TLS Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • GregorianCalender.computeTime JVM Crash (hotspot/compiler)
  • ASLR Support for CDS Archive (hotspot/runtime)
  • New System Property to Control the Maximum Size of Signature Files (security-libs/java.security)
  • Improved ZIP64 Extra Field Validation (core-libs/java.util.jar)

Bug fixes

Java SE 17.0.9[353] 2023-10-17New features
  • -XshowSettings:locale Output Now Includes Tzdata Version (tools/launcher)

Removed features and options

  • Removed SECOM Trust System's RootCA1 Root Certificate (security-libs/java.security)

Other notes

  • Added Certigna Root CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • The Default TLS Diffie-Hellman Group Size Has Been Increased from 1024-bit to 2048-bit (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)

Bug fixes

Java SE 17.0.10[355] 2024-01-16New features
  • New System Property to Toggle XML Signature Secure Validation Mode (security-libs/javax.xml.crypto)

Known issues

  • Potential Performance Regression Due to Limited Range Check Elimination (hotspot/compiler)

Other notes

  • Increase Default Value of the System Property jdk.jar.maxSignatureFileSize (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Four Root Certificates from DigiCert, Inc. (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Three Root Certificates from eMudhra Technologies Limited (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Telia Root CA v2 Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added ISRG Root X2 CA Certificate from Let's Encrypt (security-libs/java.security)
  • Call X509KeyManager.chooseClientAlias Once for All Key Types (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)

Bug fixes

Java SE 18

Version Name:Java SE 18
Jeps:9
Removed:Deprecated finalization for removal
Previews:Switch pattern matching

JDK 18 was released on March 22, 2022.[357]

Java 18 updates

Table of Java 18 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 18[358] 2022-03-22Initial release
Java SE 18.0.1[359] 2022-04-19New features
  • New XML Processing Limits (xml/jaxp)

Other notes

  • Only Expose Certificates With Proper Trust Settings as Trusted Certificate Entries in macOS KeychainStore (security-libs/java.security)
  • Parsing of URL Strings in Built-in JNDI Providers Is More Strict (core-libs/javax.naming)

Bug fixes

Java SE 18.0.1.1[361] 2022-05-02core-libs/java.io
  • New System Property to Disable Windows Alternate Data Stream Support in java.io.File (core-libs/java.io)

Bug fixes

Java SE 18.0.2[363] 2022-07-19Removed features and options
  • Remove the Alternate ThreadLocal Implementation of the Subject::current and Subject::callAs APIs (security-libs/javax.security)

Other notes

  • java.net.InetAddress Updated to Reject Ambiguous IPv4 Address Literals (core-libs/java.net)
  • CPU Shares Ignored When Computing Active Processor Count (hotspot/runtime)
  • Lambda Deserialization Fails for Object Method References on Interfaces (tools/javac)

Bug fixes

Java SE 18.0.2.1[365] 2022-08-18Changes
  • C2 Compilation Errors Unpredictably Crashes JVM (hotspot/compiler)

Java SE 19

Version Name:Java SE 19
Jeps:7
Lts:no

JDK 19 was released on 20 September 2022.[366]

JEP 405 allows record patterns, extending the pattern matching capabilities of instanceof operators, and switch expressions, to include record patterns that explicitly refer to the components of the record.record Rectangle(int x, int y, int w, int h)

int area(Object o) Such patterns can include nested patterns, where the components of records are themselves records, allowing patterns to match more object graphs.

Java 19 updates

Table of Java 19 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 19[367] 2022-09-20Initial release
Java SE 19.0.1[368] 2022-10-18Other notes
  • Update Timezone Data to 2022c (core-libs/java.time)
  • New System Property to Limit the Number of Open Connections to com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer (core-libs/java.net)

Bug fixes

Java SE 19.0.2[370] 2023-01-17New features
  • DTLS Resumption Uses HelloVerifyRequest Messages (security-libs/javax.net.ssl)

Other notes

  • FXML JavaScript Engine Disabled by Default (javafx/fxml)

Bug fixes

Java SE 20

Version Name:Java SE 20
Lts:no
Jeps:7
Incubating:Scoped values

Java 20 was released on 21 March 2023.[372] All JEPs were either incubators or previews.

Java 20 updates

Table of Java 20 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 20[373] 2023-03-21Initial release
Java SE 20.0.1[374] 2023-04-18Other notes
  • System Property to Handle HTML ObjectView Creation (client-libs/javax.swing)
  • Added Certigna(Dhimyotis) CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • File::listRoots Changed to Return All Available Drives on Windows (core-libs/java.io)

Bug fixes

Java SE 20.0.2[376] 2023-07-18New features
  • Support for GB18030-2022 (core-libs/java.nio.charsets)

Known issues

  • Problem Upgrading JDK on Windows if System User Is Using Shared Files (install)

Other notes

  • Missing /usr/java/default Symlink on Linux Restored (install/install)
  • Installation of JDK RPM Corrupts Alternatives (install/install)
  • Added TWCA Root CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added 4 GTS Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Microsoft Corporation's 2 TLS Root CA Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • ASLR Support for CDS Archive (hotspot/runtime)
  • New System Property to Control the Maximum Size of Signature Files (security-libs/java.security)
  • Improved ZIP64 Extra Field Validation (core-libs/java.util.jar)

Bug fixes

Java SE 21

Version Name:Java SE 21
Lts:yes
Jeps:15
Features:Record patterns, pattern matching for switch, virtual threads
Previews:String templates, unnamed classes and main methods
Incubating:Vector API

Java 21 was released on 19 September 2023.[378] There are eight JEPs that are not in preview or incubating, compared to Java 20 which only had previewing and incubating JEPs. Java 21 introduces features first previewed in Java 17 (pattern matching for switch statements) and Java 19 (record patterns). The 32-bit version of Java for Windows on x86 has been deprecated for removal.

JEP 445, previewing unnamed classes, allows for a barebones Main class without boilerplate code:void main

instead of :public class HelloWorld

Java 21 updates

Table of Java 21 updates! width=170
Releasewidth=100 Release dateHighlights
Java SE 21[379] 2023-09-19Initial release
Java SE 21.0.1[380] 2023-10-17Other notes
  • Added Certigna Root CA Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Increase Default Value of the System Property jdk.jar.maxSignatureFileSize (security-libs/java.security)

Bug fixes

Java SE 21.0.2[382] 2024-01-16New features
  • TCP_KEEPxxxx Extended Socket Options Are Now Supported on the Windows Platform (core-libs/java.net)

Known issues

  • Potential Performance Regression Due to Limited Range Check Elimination (hotspot/compiler)

Issues fixed

  • ZGC: Reintroduced Support for Non-Default ObjectAlignmentInBytes (hotspot/compiler)

Other notes

  • Added Four Root Certificates from DigiCert, Inc. (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Three Root Certificates from eMudhra Technologies Limited (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added Telia Root CA v2 Certificate (security-libs/java.security)
  • Added ISRG Root X2 CA Certificate from Let's Encrypt (security-libs/java.security)
  • NMT: Make Peak Values Available in Release Builds (hotspot/runtime)
  • Add User Facing Warning If THPs Are Enabled but Cannot Be Used (hotspot/runtime)

Bug fixes

Java SE 21.0.3[384] 2024-01-16New features
  • Update XML Security for Java to 3.0.3 (security-libs/javax.crypto)

Known issues

  • jpackage Apps May Fail to Build on Debian Linux Distros Due to Missing Shared Libraries (tools/jpackage)

Other notes

  • AWT SystemTray API Is Not Supported on Most Linux Desktops (client-libs/java.awt)
  • Added Certainly R1 and E1 Root Certificates (security-libs/java.security)
  • Align javac with the Java Language Specification by Rejecting final in Record Patterns (tools/javac)

Updates to Third Party Libraries

  • FreeType 2.13.2 (java.desktop)
  • Xalan Java 2.7.3 (java.xml)
  • XML Security for Java 3.0.3 (java.xml.crypto)

Bug fixes

Java SE 22

Version Name:Java SE 22
Lts:no
Jeps:12
Features:Foreign function and memory API, unnamed variables and patterns
Previews:Structured concurrency, string templates
Incubating:Vector API

Java 22 was released on March 19, 2024.[386] [387]

At least one API has been removed from Java; i.e. a very rarely-used API (for threading) was removed from Java 22.[388] [389]

Java SE 23

Version Name:Java SE 23
Unreleased:yes

, the specification for Java 23 has not yet been finalized. Java 23 is scheduled for release in September 2024.[390]

Future features

Implementations

The officially supported Java platform, first developed at Sun and now stewarded by Oracle, is Java SE. Releases are based on the OpenJDK project, a free and open-source project with an open development model. Other Java implementations exist, however—in part due to Java's early history as proprietary software. In contrast, some implementations were created to offer some benefits over the standard implementation, often the result of some area of academic or corporate-sponsored research. Many Linux distributions include builds of OpenJDK through the IcedTea project started by Red Hat, which provides a more straightforward build and integration environment.

Visual J++ and the Microsoft Java Virtual Machine were created as incompatible implementations. After the Sun v. Microsoft lawsuit, Microsoft abandoned it and began work on the .NET platform. In 2021, Microsoft started distributing compatible "Microsoft Build of OpenJDK" for Java 11 first then also for Java 17. Their builds support not only Windows, but also Linux and macOS.

Other proprietary Java implementations are available, such as Azul's Zing. Azul offers certified open source OpenJDK builds under the Zulu moniker.

Prior to the release of OpenJDK, while Sun's implementation was still proprietary, the GNU Classpath project was created to provide a free and open-source implementation of the Java platform. Since the release of JDK 7, when OpenJDK became the official reference implementation, the original motivation for the GNU Classpath project almost completely disappeared, and its last release was in 2012.

The Apache Harmony project was started shortly before the release of OpenJDK. After Sun's initial source code release, the Harmony project continued, working to provide an implementation under a lax license, in contrast to the protective license chosen for OpenJDK. Google later developed Android and released it under a lax license. Android incorporated parts of the Harmony project, supplemented with Google's own Dalvik virtual machine and ART. Apache Harmony has since been retired, and Google has switched its Harmony components with equivalent ones from OpenJDK.

Both Jikes and Jikes RVM are open-source research projects that IBM developed.

Several other implementations exist that started as proprietary software but are now open source. IBM initially developed OpenJ9 as the proprietary J9[391] but has since relicensed the project and donated it to the Eclipse Foundation. JRockit is a proprietary implementation that was acquired by Oracle and incorporated into subsequent OpenJDK versions.

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Moving Java Forward Faster . Reinhold . Mark . 2017-09-06 . 2017-09-16.
  2. Web site: Calling 'all aboard' on the six-month Java release train . theserverside.com . 2017-09-12 . 2017-09-16.
  3. Web site: Introducing the Free Java License. Smith. Donald.
  4. Web site: What does LTS mean for OpenJDK? . Reinhold . Mark . 2018-08-17 . 2018-08-28.
  5. JavaSoft ships Java 1.0 . 2008-02-05 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070310235103/http://www.sun.com/smi/Press/sunflash/1996-01/sunflash.960123.10561.xml . March 10, 2007.
  6. Book: Ortiz . C. Enrique . Giguère . Éric . Mobile Information Device Profile for Java 2 Micro Edition: Developer's Guide . 2001 . . 978-0-471-03465-0 . May 30, 2012 . registration .
  7. https://web.archive.org/web/20080210044125/http://www.sun.com/smi/Press/sunflash/1997-02/sunflash.970219.0001.xml Version 1.1 press release
  8. News: Don . Tennant . March 15, 1997 . Taligent prepares internationalisation technology for the big time . . . January 16, 2021.
  9. https://web.archive.org/web/20070816170028/http://www.sun.com/smi/Press/sunflash/1998-12/sunflash.981208.9.xml Version 1.2 press release
  10. https://web.archive.org/web/20070817053430/http://www.sun.com/smi/Press/sunflash/2000-05/sunflash.20000508.3.xml Version 1.3 press release
  11. Web site: Version 1.3 full list of changes. https://web.archive.org/web/20061107051825/https://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3/docs/relnotes/features.html. dead. November 7, 2006.
  12. Web site: How do I run Java on a Windows 95 computer?.
  13. https://web.archive.org/web/20070815095726/http://www.sun.com/smi/Press/sunflash/2002-02/sunflash.20020206.5.xml Version 1.4 press release
  14. Web site: Version full 1.4 list of changes. https://web.archive.org/web/20070108015942/https://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/relnotes/features.html. dead. January 8, 2007.
  15. Web site: Java 2 Platform 5.0 and Java for Business 5.0. Oracle Corporation. October 22, 2012. 2010.
  16. Web site: Version 1.5.0 or 5.0?. Oracle.
  17. https://web.archive.org/web/20080207083457/http://www.sun.com/smi/Press/sunflash/2004-09/sunflash.20040930.1.xml Version 1.5 press release
  18. https://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5/docs/relnotes/features.html Version 1.5 full list of changes
  19. Web site: JSR 133, 2.4 Why isn't this need met by existing specifications? . Oracle.
  20. Book: Goetz, Brian . 2006 . Java Concurrency in Practice . Addison-Wesley . 0-321-34960-1 . xvii . registration .
  21. Web site: Java 5.0 is no longer available on Java.com . Java.com . 2009-11-03 . 2016-09-30.
  22. Web site: Misc Windows 2 – Nathan's Toasty Technology page . Nathan . Lineback . 2016-09-30.
  23. Web site: Yank . Kebin . Java 5 available for Mac OS X . Sitepoint . September 30, 2016 . May 3, 2005.
  24. http://www.java.com/en/about/brand/naming.jsp Java brand naming
  25. https://java.sun.com/javase/6/webnotes/version-6.html Version 6
  26. http://www.sun.com/smi/Press/sunflash/2006-12/sunflash.20061211.1.xml Version 1.6 press release
  27. https://java.sun.com/javase/6/features.jsp Version 1.6 full list of changes
  28. http://www.javalobby.org/java/forums/t66270.html Java Lobby
  29. Web site: Mustang's HotSpot. https://web.archive.org/web/20070102103432/http://weblogs.java.net/blog/opinali/archive/2005/11/mustangs_hotspo.html. dead. January 2, 2007.
  30. Web site: An apt replacement . Darcy . Joe . 2008-08-03 . 2009-07-29.
  31. Web site: Install Java 6 on Mac OS X Leopard | Gephi, open source graph visualization software . Gephi.org . 2016-09-30.
  32. Web site: Oracle Java SE Support Roadmap. September 19, 2012. October 22, 2012. Oracle Corporation.
  33. Web site: Auto-update and update through Java Control Panel of JRE 6 will replace JRE 6 with JRE 7. February 19, 2013. March 2, 2013. Oracle Corporation.
  34. Web site: Java SE Development Kit 6, Update 43 Release notes. March 4, 2013. March 4, 2013. Oracle Corporation.
  35. Web site: Java SE Development Kit 6, Update 45 Release notes. March 4, 2013. March 4, 2013. Oracle Corporation.
  36. Web site: Java SE 6 Update Release Notes. www.oracle.com.
  37. Web site: Oracle Java Technologies | Oracle . www.oracle.com.
  38. Web site: Nimbus — Java.net. https://archive.today/20110820062447/http://java.net/projects/nimbus. 20 August 2011. dead. 1 February 2020.
  39. Web site: Sun Java 6 Update 11 Available Now, Waiting on JavaFX . FindMySoft.com . 2009-11-13.
  40. Web site: JavaOne: Garbage First. infoq.com. Humble. Charles. 2008-05-13. 2008-09-07.
  41. Web site: Java VM: Trying a new Garbage Collector for JDK 7. Coward. Dany. 2008-11-12. 2012-01-22. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20111208114910/http://blogs.oracle.com/theplanetarium/entry/java_vm_trying_a_new. 2011-12-08.
  42. Web site: Breakpoints fail to hit under JDK 1.6.0_14. 2009-07-14.
  43. Web site: Bug ID: 6862295 JDWP threadid changes during debugging session (leading to ignored breakpoints). 2009-07-22.
  44. Web site: Oracle Java SE Critical Patch Update Advisory – June 2011. www.oracle.com.
  45. Web site: Oracle Java SE Critical Patch Update Advisory – October 2011. www.oracle.com.
  46. Web site: Java 6 Update 32 fails to install.... MSFN. 2016-07-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20160816031428/http://www.msfn.org/board/topic/156546-java-6-update-32-fails-to-install/. 2016-08-16. dead.
  47. Web site: Oracle Java SE Critical Patch Update Advisory – April 2013. www.oracle.com.
  48. Web site: Why should I upgrade Java ?. java.com.
  49. Web site: Oracle Java Critical Patch Update – June 2013. www.oracle.com.
  50. Web site: Oracle Critical Patch Update – October 2013. www.oracle.com.
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