List of earthquakes in Japan explained

This is a list of earthquakes in Japan with either a magnitude greater than or equal to 7.0 or which caused significant damage or casualties. As indicated below, magnitude is measured on the Richter magnitude scale (ML) or the moment magnitude scale (Mw), or the surface wave magnitude scale (Ms) for very old earthquakes. The present list is not exhaustive, and furthermore reliable and precise magnitude data is scarce for earthquakes that occurred before the development of modern measuring instruments.

History

Although there is mention of an earthquake in Yamato in what is now Nara Prefecture on August 23, 416, the first earthquake to be reliably documented took place in Nara prefecture on May 28, 599 during the reign of Empress Suiko, destroying buildings throughout Yamato province.[1] [2] [3] Many historical records of Japanese earthquakes exist. The Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee was created in 1892 to conduct a systematic collation of the available historical data, published in 1899 as the Catalogue of Historical Data on Japanese Earthquakes.

Following the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, the Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee was superseded by the Earthquake Research Institute in 1925. In modern times, the catalogues compiled by are considered to provide the most authoritative source of information on historic earthquakes, with the 2003 edition detailing 486 that took place between 416 and 1888.

Earthquake measurement

In Japan, the Shindo scale is commonly used to measure earthquakes by seismic intensity instead of magnitude. This is similar to the Modified Mercalli intensity scale used in the United States or the Liedu scale used in China, meaning that the scale measures the intensity of an earthquake at a given location instead of measuring the energy an earthquake releases at its epicenter (its magnitude) as the Richter scale does.[4]

Unlike other seismic intensity scales, which normally have twelve levels of intensity, as used by the Japan Meteorological Agency is a unit with ten levels, ranging from shindo zero, a very light tremor, to shindo seven, a severe earthquake.[4] Intermediate levels for earthquakes with shindo five and six are "weak" or "strong", according to the degree of destruction they cause. Earthquakes measured at shindo four and lower are considered to be weak to mild, while those measured at five and above can cause heavy damage to furniture, wall tiles, wooden houses, reinforced concrete buildings, roads, gas and water pipes.[4]

List

Date and timeMagnitudeFatalitiesName of quakeName in Kanji Rōmaji nameEpicenterDescription<--
Magnitude Name Japanese Romaji Epicenter Deaths Description-->
(proleptic Gregorian calendar)
(Julian calendar)
8.4 MK (Kawasumi scale)[5] 101–1,000 白鳳南海地震 Hakuhou Nankai jishin 32.8°N 134.3°W Various references estimate the quake's magnitude at 8.0 to 8.4, with damage being "severe". The dates of the quake have also been listed variously as October 14 (incorrect date) and November 24.[6] It was at this point in time that the Japanese confirmed the link between earthquakes and tsunamis, and began keeping detailed records of them. Their tsunami records are studied by geologists to this day.
(G)
(J)
7.9 MK  occurred in Mino Province天平地震 Tenpyō jishin 34.8°N 135.5°W Some references describe the quake as occurring on June 9[7]
(G)
(J)
8.9 MK 1,000+[8] 貞観地震 Jōgan jishin 38.5°N 143.8°W The resulting tsunami caused extensive flooding of the Sendai plain, destroying the town of Tagajō.[9]
(G)
(J)
7.1 Ms 23,024[10] 鎌倉大地震 Kamakura Daijishin 35.2°N 139.4°W The earthquake struck close to the city of Kamakura, Kanagawa and its magnitude has been estimated in the 7.1–7.5 range.[11] It possibly triggered a tsunami (though not all experts agree)[12] [13] and the death toll has been reported as 23,024.
(G)
(J)
8.4 Ms 正平南海地震 Shōhei Nankai Jishin 33°N 135°W Triggered a tsunami.[14] [15]
(G)
(J)
8.6 MK31,000[16] 明応地震 Meiō jishin 34°N 138.1°W Occurred off the coast of Nankai, Japan, at about 08:00 local time on 20 September 1498. It had a magnitude estimated at 8.6 MS and triggered a large tsunami. The death toll associated with this event is uncertain, but 31,000 casualties were reported.[17]
7.9 MK 天正大地震 Tenshō DaijishinSome islands in Ise Bay reportedly disappeared.[18] [19]
7.9 MK 5,000+[20] 慶長大地震 Keichō Daijishin 33.5°N 138.5°W The 1605 Keichō Nankaidō earthquake occurred at about 20:00 local time on 3 February. It had an estimated magnitude of 7.9 on the surface wave magnitude scale and triggered a devastating tsunami that resulted in thousands of deaths in the Nankai and Tōkai regions of Japan. It is uncertain whether there were two separate earthquakes separated by a short time interval or a single event. It is referred to as a tsunami earthquake, in that the size of the tsunami greatly exceeds that expected from the magnitude of the earthquake.[21]
6.9 MK 3,700+ (Official estimate) 1611 Aizu earthquake会津地震 Aizu Jishin Aizu basin, (Present day of Fukushima Prefecture) According to official estimated report, more than 3,700 human fatalities. Aizuwakamatsu Castle, many temples, and 20,000 houses collapsed in the damaged areas.
8.1 2,000+ 慶長三陸地震 Keichō Sanriku Jishin 39°N 144.4°W Occurred on December 2, 1611, with an epicenter off the Sanriku coast in Iwate Prefecture. The magnitude of the earthquake was 8.1M.[22]
7.25 – 7.6 M 700–900[23] 寛文近江・若狭地震 kanbun Ōmi wakasa jishin Lake Biwa south Strong tremor in Ōmi · Wakasa area. This earthquake is causing crustal deformation (East of Lake Suigetsu: Rose 4.5m (14.8feet)).[24]
7.9 200- - Offshore Kyushu Major tsunami and seismic shaking damage.[25]
8.5–9.0 M unknown 1667 Kanbun Tokachi-oki earthquake 寛文十勝沖地震 (scientific) kanbun Tokachi-oki jishin Offshore Tokachi region Inferred earthquake from tsunami deposits near Kushiro, Kuril Trench rupture. No record as the region was not yet under Japanese control.[26] [27]
8.3–8.6 569 延宝房総沖地震 Enpō Bōsō-oki Jishin This earthquake was felt with low intensity, but generated a large tsunami that killed 569 people. It is thought to have ruptured the interface between the Pacific Plate and the Okhotsk Plate at the southern end of the Japan Trench.[28]
8.0 ML 5,233 元禄大地震 Genroku Daijishin
8.6 ML 5,000+ 宝永地震 Hōei jishin Struck both the Nankaidō and Tōkai regions, causing moderate to severe damage throughout southwestern Honshu, Shikoku and southeastern Kyūshū.[29] This event also marked the last eruption of Mount Fuji to date.
7.4 MK 13,486[30] 八重山地震 Yaeyama jishin 24°N 124.3°W The 1771 Great Yaeyama Tsunami (also called 明和の大津波, the Great Tsunami of Meiwa) was caused by the Yaeyama Great Earthquake at about 8 A.M. on April 24. 13,486 people (including 9,313 in Yaeyama Islands (8,815 in Ishigaki Island), 2,548 in Miyako Islands and 1,625 in other areas) were confirmed to be dead or missing and more than 3,000 houses were destroyed. The height of the tsunami was over 40m (130feet) at Ishigaki Island, up to a maximum of 85.4m (280.2feet) in the village called Miyara. In Tarama, estimated tsunami runup height was approximately 18m (59feet). To this day, boulders reportedly launched by the tsunami (called "tsunami stones") remain in the northwestern highlands of Miyakojima. According to unverified local legend, a small unnamed island in the area was swallowed by the tsunami and disappeared.
6.4 MK 15,448[31] 島原大変肥後迷惑 Unzen jishin
(Shimabara Taihen Higo Meiwaku)
32.8°N 130.3°W An earthquake caused by volcanic activity of Mount Unzen (in the Shimabara Peninsula Nagasaki, Japan). It killed 15,000 people altogether, due in large part to a tsunami that was triggered by the collapse of nearby Mount Mayuyama's southern flank into the bay. The incident is also referred to with the phrase 'Shimabara erupted, Higo affected' (島原大変肥後迷惑), as many people in Higo, (Kumamoto, located 20km (10miles) away across the Ariake Sea) were also killed by the resulting tsunami, which then bounced back to hit Shimabara again.
6.9 MK 1,559 (official confirmed) 1828 Sanjō earthquake三条地震 Sanjō Jishin Sanjo, Niigata Prefecture (then Echigo Province) According to the official confirmed report, 21,134 houses and buildings were damaged, and 1,204 of them burned down. There were 1,559 human fatalities, and 2,666 injured people in the affected area.
7.5 MJMA 150 1833 Shōnai earthquake庄内沖地震 Shōnai-oki Jishin Destructive tsunami, one of the largest tsunamis in the Sea of Japan.
7.3 M 8,600+ 善光寺地震 Zenkōji Jishin Nagano Basin (then Shinano Province)In the central area of Nagano, many buildings collapsed, including Zenkōji temple. The earthquake triggered a complex variety of resulting disasters, which included fires, landslides, and flooding due to the formation and subsequent collapse of a "dam" made of debris from the collapsed buildings. According to the confirmed official report, the death toll throughout the region reached at least 8,600. 21,000 houses were damaged and 3,400 burned, and an additional 44,000 homes were damaged by the landslides in the area.
7.25 MK 995 (official confirmed) 1854 Iga–Ueno earthquake伊賀上野地震 Iga Ueno Jishin Iga, Mie Prefecture (then Iga Province) According to the official confirmed report, 2,576 houses and buildings were damaged, with 995 human fatalities and 994 injures in the affected area.
8.4 MK 2,000 (estimated)[32] 安政東海地震 Ansei Tōkai Jishin
8.4 MK 10,000+ 安政南海地震 Ansei Nankai Jishin Over 10,000 people from the Tōkai region down to Kyushu were killed.[33]
6.9 MK 6,641 安政江戸地震 Ansei Edo Jishin
7.0 200–300 飛越地震飛越地震 Hietsu Jishin Atotsugawa Fault
7.1 MK 551 (official confirmed) 浜田地震 Hamada Jishin According to the official confirmed report, 4506 houses were damaged by the earthquake, 230 houses were burned, 551 people were killed, and landslides destroyed 6567 homes in the affected area. This quake occurred at 16:40 local time.
5.5–6.0 0 1880 Yokohama earthquake 横浜地震 Yokohama Jishin Yokohama City The damage was minor. However, the Seismological Society of Japan was established in response to the quake.[34]
6.3 20 熊本地震熊本地震 Kumamoto Jishin Tatsuda fault First major earthquake after the establishment of the Seismological Society of Japan in 1880.
8.0 ML 7,273 濃尾地震 Nōbi Jishin
6.6 ML 31 明治東京地震 Meiji-Tokyo Jishin The death toll was 31 killed and 157 injured.
7.0 ML 726 (Official confirmed) 庄内地震 Shōnai Jishin According to the official confirmed report, 14,118 houses and buildings were damaged and 2,148 were burned. There were 726 human fatalities and 8,403 people injured in the damaged area. A large-scale fire broke out in Sakata, and around the Shonai plain area, many instances of cracked earth, sinking ground, sand boils, and fountains were observed.
8.5 ML 22,000+[35] 明治三陸地震 Meiji Sanriku Jishin   This quake occurred off the coast of Sanriku in Iwate Prefecture, which caused a tsunami of 25m (82feet) to strike 35 minutes after the quake, destroying hundreds of houses and killed over 22,000 people. Tsunami were also observed as far away as Hawaii and in California.[36] [37]
8.3 ML 142,800[38] 大正関東地震
(関東大震災)
Taishō Kantō Jishin
(Kantō Daishinsai)
6.8 ML 428 北但馬地震 Kita Tajima Jishin Toyooka in Hyōgo Prefecture 35.6°N 134.8°W According to the Japanese government's official report, there were 428 human fatalities, 1,016 people injured, 7,863 buildings destroyed, and 45,659 houses damaged by collapse or fire. This quake caused extensive damage to the town of Toyooka and the Maruyama River area. Just before the shaking could be felt, a sound like a cannon was reportedly heard intermittently from the direction of the estuary near the Maruyama River. During the earthquake, the ground in the town of Tokyooka experienced strong seismic vibrations for 16 seconds. As most of the buildings of the time were wooden, many of them were destroyed at once during the initial earthquake. In the fire that broke out subsequently, half of Toyooka was burned down, with many deaths resulting (a reported 8% of the town's population.) 272 deaths were confirmed to have occurred in the Kinosaki area.
7.6 ML 3,020 北丹後地震 Kita Tango Jishin Almost all of the houses in Mineyama (now part of Kyōtango) were destroyed, and the quake was felt as far away as Tokyo and Kagoshima.[39]
7.3 Ms 272 1930年北伊豆地震 Sen-kyūhyaku-sanjū-nen Kita-Izu Jishin
8.4 Mw[40] 3,000+ 昭和三陸地震 Shōwa Sanriku Jishin
7.2 Ms 01936年宮城県沖地震 Sen-kyūhyaku-sanjūroku-nen Miyagi-ken-oki Jishin
7.5 Mw 101940積丹半島沖地震 Sen-kyūhyaku-yonjū-nen Shakotan-oki Jishin
7.2 ML 1,083 鳥取地震 Tottori Jishin
8.1 Mw 1,223 昭和東南海地震 Shōwa Tōnankai Jishin 34°N 137.1°W This earthquake occurred on Dec. 7, 1944, at 13:35 local time (04:35 UTC). Its moment magnitude was 8.1 and it was felt with a maximum intensity of 5 on the Shindo scale (or VII, "Severe", on the Mercalli intensity scale). It struck the provinces along the coast of the Tōkai region, causing serious damage and triggering a tsunami. The earthquake and tsunami combined killed 1,223 people, with injuries reported to have affected 20,000 people or more.[41]
6.8 ML 1,180 + 1,126 missing 三河地震 Mikawa Jishin An earthquake which occurred off Mie and Aichi prefectures, Japan at 03:38 on January 13, 1945.
8.1 Mw 1,362 昭和南海地震 Shōwa Nankai Jishin A major earthquake in Nankaidō, Japan. Occurred on December 20, 1946, at 19:19 UTC. The earthquake was felt from Northern Honshū to Kyūshū.[42]
7.1 Mw 3,769 福井地震 Fukui Jishin near Maruoka, Fukui 36.1°N 136.17°WA major earthquake in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. It struck at 5:13 p.m. on June 28, 1948 (the then Japan Daylight Saving Time; JDT).[43]
8.1 Mw 28 1952年十勝沖地震 Sen-kyūhyaku-goūjūni-nen Tokachi-oki Jishin 42.3°N 144.9°W The 1952 Hokkaido earthquake took place around March 4, 1952 in the sea east of Hokkaido. On the Moment magnitude scale, it measured 8.1. Casualties occurred due to the earthquake.[44]
7.0 8 1961 North Mino earthquake北美濃地震 Kitamino Jishin 36.1019°N 136.7°W One of the earthquakes that the Japan Meteorological Agency named for the.[45] 8 people dead.[46]
7.6 Mw 26 新潟地震 Niigata Jishin The earthquake caused widespread soil liquefaction in the city of Niigata, resulting in unusually high levels of damage to buildings for the felt intensity.[47]
7.5 Mw 01968年日向灘地震 Sen-kyūhyaku-rokujūhachi-nen Hyūga-nada Jishin Hyūga-nada Sea [48]
8.2 Mw 52 1968年十勝沖地震 Sen-kyūhyaku-rokujūhachi-nen Tokachi-oki Jishin This earthquake struck off the coast of Honshu Island, near Misawa Japan, Aomori Prefecture, and was followed by a significant tsunami. The earthquake and ensuing tsunami claimed 52 lives and resulted in significant material damage in Northern Japan.[49] [50]
7.8 Mw 0 1973根室半島沖地震 Sen-kyūhyaku-nanajūsan-nen Nemurohantō-oki Jishin
6.5 Ms 25 1974年伊豆半島沖地震 Sen-kyūhyaku-nanajūyo-nen Izu-hantō-oki Jishin
7.7 Ms 28 宮城県沖地震 Miyagi-ken-oki jishin Damage was greatest around Sendai, and the earthquake triggered widespread landslides.[51] [52]
7.8 Ms 104 日本海中部地震 Nihonkai-chubu jishin Rising up to 30abbr=onNaNabbr=on above the coastline, the tsunami created by this earthquake was observed throughout a wide area along the Sea of Japan's coast and caused damage from Tsuruoka to Goshogawara. 100 people lost their lives to the tsunami, including seawall construction workers and beachgoers. In total, 104 people were killed. Soil liquification was widely observed through the affected area.
6.3 Ms 29 長野県西部地震 Nagano-ken-seibu jishin Overall, 29 people were killed and 10 injured.
6.7 Mw21987 Chiba earthquake千葉県東方沖地震Chiba Toho-oki jishin2 people killed and 146 injured.[53]
7.6 21993 Kushiro–Oki earthquake釧路沖地震Kushiro-Oki Jishin
7.7 Mw 202 北海道南西沖地震 Hokkaidō Nansei Oki Jishin 42.851°N 139.197°W
7.7 Mw 3 三陸はるか沖地震 Sanriku-haruka-oki Jishin 40.451°N 143.491°W [54]
7.3 Mj 6,434 兵庫県南部地震
(阪神・淡路大震災)
Hyōgoken Nanbu Jishin
(Hanshin-Awaji Daishinsai )
An earthquake in Japan that occurred on Tuesday January 17, 1995 at 05:46 JST in the southern part of Hyōgo Prefecture. It measured 6.8 on the Moment magnitude scale (USGS),[55] and Mj7.3 on the revised (7.2 on the old) JMA magnitude scale.[56] The tremors lasted for approximately 20 seconds. The hypocenter of the earthquake was located 16km (10miles) beneath its epicenter, on the northern end of Awaji Island, 20km (10miles) away from the city of Kobe.
7.5 Mw 0 1998 Ryukyu Islands earthquake 石垣島南方沖地震Ishigakijima nanpō-oki jishin 22.3°N 125.3°W The epicentre was in the Philippine Sea, far off the coast (260 km from Ishigaki Island, Japan, 400 km from Basco, Philippines, and 425 km from Hualien, Taiwan).[57]
6.7 Mw 2 2001年芸予地震 Nisen-ichi-nen Gēyo Jishin 34.083°N 128.02°W
8.3 Mw 1 2003年十勝沖地震 Nisen-san-nen Tokachi-oki Jishin 41.78°N 143.86°W An earthquake occurring in Hokkaido on September 25, 2003. It measured 8.3 on the Moment magnitude scale and caused extensive damage to roads all around Hokkaido, several power outages, and landslides which resulted in further damage.[58]
6.6 Mw 68 新潟県中越地震 Chūetsu Jishin Occurred at 5:56 p.m. (local time) on Saturday, October 23, 2004. The initial earthquake caused noticeable shaking across almost half of Honshū, including parts of the Tohoku, Hokuriku, Chūbu, and Kantō regions.
7.0 Mw 1 福岡県西方沖地震 Fukuoka-ken Seihō Oki Jishin Fukuoka PrefectureIn the Genkai Sea about 6km (04miles) northwest of Genkai Island at the mouth of Fukuoka Harbor This earthquake struck Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan at 10:53:40 JST on March 20 and lasted for approximately 50 seconds.
7.2 Mw 0 宮城県沖地震 Miyagi-ken Oki Jishin Miyagi Prefecture
8.3 Mw 0 2006年千島列島沖地震 Nisen-roku-nen Chishima Rettō Oki Jishin Kuril IslandsThe earthquake happened at 20:29 JST on November 15, 2006, causing a tsunami to hit the Japanese northern coast.
8.1 Mw 0 2007年千島列島沖地震 Nisen-nana-nen Chishima Rettō Oki Jishin 46.48°N 158.48°W The earthquake happened at 1:23 p.m. JST (04:23 UTC) and resulted in a tsunami warning but did not cause significant damage.[59] The epicentre was located 95 km to the south east of the 2006 Kuril Islands earthquake that struck a few weeks earlier.
6.9 Mw 1 能登半島地震 Noto Hantō Jishin Ishikawa Prefecture
6.6 Mw 11 新潟県中越沖地震 Niigata-ken Chūetsu Oki Jishin Niigata PrefectureThe earthquake[60]) was a powerful magnitude 6.6 earthquake[61] [62] that occurred 10:13 a.m. local time (01:13 UTC) on July 16, 2007, in the northwest Niigata region of Japan. Eleven deaths and at least 1,000 injuries have been reported, and 342 buildings were completely destroyed, mostly older wooden structures.[63] [64]
6.9 Mw 12 岩手・宮城内陸地震 Iwate Miyagi Nairiku Jishin Iwate PrefectureThis earthquake struck the central Tōhoku region, in northeastern Honshū, Japan.[65]
6.6 Mw 1 駿河湾地震 Suruga-wan Jishin 33.8°N 138.5°W, depth 20.0 km [66]
7.0 Mw 1 Ryūkyū Islands earthquake 沖縄本島近海地震 Okinawa-hontō-kinkai Jishin 25.902°N 128.417°W, depth 22.0 km [67]
7.4 Mw 0 Bonin Islands earthquake 父島近海地震 Chichijima-kinkai Jishin 26.866°N 143.739°W, depth 14.9 km [68]
7.2 Mw 02011 Tōhoku earthquake foreshock 東北地方太平洋沖地震(Foreshock)
(東日本大震災)
Tōhokuchihō Taiheiyō Oki Jishin
(Higashi Nihon Dai-Shinsai)
38.424°N 142.836°W, depth 32 km [69]

05:46:23 UTC
(14:46 JST)
9.1 Mw
東北地方太平洋沖地震
(東日本大震災)
Tōhokuchihō Taiheiyō Oki Jishin
(Higashi Nihon Dai-Shinsai)
38.51°N 142.792°W, depth 29 km This megathrust earthquake's hypocenter was reported to be off the Oshika Peninsula, the east coast of Tōhoku[70] It was the strongest to hit Japan and one of the top five largest earthquakes in the world since seismological record-keeping began.[71] [72] [73] It was followed by a tsunami with waves of up to 40m (130feet) along the Sanriku coast.[74] The disaster left thousands dead and inflicted extensive material damage to buildings and infrastructure that led to significant accidents at four major nuclear power stations.

06:25:50 UTC
7.1 Mw 02011 Tōhoku earthquake aftershock 東北地方太平洋沖地震(Aftershock)
(東日本大震災)
Tōhokuchihō Taiheiyō Oki Jishin
(Higashi Nihon Dai-Shinsai)
38.106°N 144.553°W, depth 19.7 kmWeb site: Magnitude 7.1 - Off the East Coast of Honshu, JAPAN REGION . Earthquake.usgs.gov . 2011-03-12 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110317003056/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0001xig.php . 2011-03-17 .
7.1 Mw 4 April 2011 Miyagi earthquake宮城県沖地震Miyagi-ken Oki Jishin38.253°N 141.64°W, depth 49 km[75]

17:16:13 JST
6.6 Mw 6 April 2011 Fukushima earthquake福島県浜通り地震 Fukushima-ken Hamadori Jishin 37.007°N 140.477°W, depth 10 kmWeb site: Magnitude 6.6 - East Honshu, JAPAN REGION . Earthquake.usgs.gov . 11 April 2011 . 2011-04-30 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110728014632/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0002n9v.php . 28 July 2011 .
7.0 Mw02011 Tōhoku earthquake aftershock 福島県浜通り地震 Fukushima-ken Hamadori Jishin 38.04°N 143.287°W, depth 49 km Quake was centered c. 242 km SW of Hachijo-jima[76]
6.8 Mw0Izu Islands, Japan 鳥島近海地震 Torishima-kinkai Jishin 31.416°N 138.155°W, depth 348.5 km 242 km (150 miles) SW of Hachijo-jima, Izu Islands, Japan 365 km (226 miles) S of Hamamatsu, Honshu, Japan
7.3 Mw 3三陸沖地震 Sanriku Oki Jishin 37.7°N 144.6°W, depth 32.0 km 293 km (182 miles) SE of Kamaishi, Japan
492 km (306 miles) ENE of Tokyo, Japan[77]
7.1 Mw0Off the east coast of Honshu 福島県沖地震 Fukushima-ken oki jishin37.156°N 144.661°W, 35.0 km depth [78]

22:08:18 JST
6.2 Mw 6.7 MJMA 2014 Nagano earthquake長野県地震Nagano-ken jishin9.0 km depthThe earthquake injured 41 people and affected the entire Chubu region. The quake also generated many surface ruptures, mostly near Hakuba Village.[79] [80]
7.8 Mw 0 小笠原諸島西方沖地震 Ogasawara-shoto Seihō Oki Jishin 27.831°N 140.493°W, depth 677.6 km 189km (117miles) WNW of Chichijima, Japan[81]
6.2 Mw9 平成28年(2016年)熊本地震 Heisei-28-nen (2016-nen) Kumamoto jishin depth 10.0 km 7 km (4.34 miles) SW of Ueki, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan[82]
7.0 Mw 273 平成28年(2016年)熊本地震 Heisei-28-nen (2016-nen) Kumamoto jishin 32.791°N 130.754°W, depth 10.0 km 1 km (0.62 miles) E of Kumamoto, Japan[83]
6.9 Mw0福島県沖地震 Fukushima-ken oki jishin37.392°N 141.403°W, 11.4 km depth 37 km ESE of Namie, Fukushima[84]
07:58:35 JST5.5 Mw42018 Osaka earthquake大阪府北部地震Ōsaka-fu Hokubu Jishin34.834°N 135.606°W, 13.2 km depth2 km NNW of Hirakata, Osaka[85]
03:07:59 JST6.6 Mw412018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake北海道胆振東部地震Hokkaido Iburi Tōbu Jishin42.671°N 141.933°W, 33.4 km depth27 km E of Tomakomai, Hokkaido, Japan[86]

22:22:19 JST
6.4 Mw02019 Yamagata earthquake山形県沖地震Yamagata-ken Oki jishin38.635°N 139.4543°W, 16.1 km depth33 km WSW of Tsuruoka

23:07:49 JST
7.1 Mw12021 Fukushima earthquake福島県沖地震Fukushima-ken Oki Jishin37.702°N 141.762°W 55 km depth2 km ENE of Ishinomaki

18:09:45 JST
7.0 Mw0March 2021 Miyagi earthquake宮城県沖地震Miyagi-ken Oki Jishin54 km depth27 km ENE of Ishinomaki

22:41:24 JST
5.9 MW02021 Chiba earthquake千葉県北西部地震Chiba-ken Hokuseibu Jishin80 km depth4 km SW of Chiba

23:36:30 JST
7.3 MW42022 Fukushima earthquake福島県沖地震Fukushima-ken-Oki Jishin (Off the coast of Fukushima Prefecture)63.1 km depth57 km ENE of Namie

14:42:04 JST
6.2 Mw12023 Noto earthquake奥能登地震Notohanto-Oki jishin (Off the Noto Peninsula Earthquake)8.7 km depth49 km NE of Anamizu

16:10:09 JST
7.5 Mw282 deaths (3 people missing)2024 Noto earthquake能登半島地震Reiwa 6-nen Notohanto Jishin10.0 km depth42 km NE of Anamizu

16:42:55 JST
7.1 Mw02024 Hyūga-nada earthquake日向灘地震Hyūga-nada Jishin25.0 km depth25 km NE of Nichinan

Strongest earthquakes by prefecture (since 1900)

PrefectureDateMagnitudesIntensitiesCasualtiesArticleCitations
MMIJMA
Aichi12 January 19456.66.8 VII71,180 dead, 3,866 injured, 1,126 missing1945 Mikawa earthquake[87] [88]
Akita26 May 19837.87.7VIII5104 dead, 324 injured1983 Sea of Japan earthquake[89] [90] [91]
Aomori9 March 19317.97.2VII4--[92] [93]
Chiba2 September 19237.97.3VII5-1923 Great Kantō earthquake (aftershock)[94] [95]
Ehime5 August 19686.86.6VII5--[96] [97]
Fukui28 June 19486.87.1IX73,769 dead, 22,203 injured1948 Fukui earthquake[98] [99] [100] [101] [102]
Fukuoka20 March 20056.67.0VIII6-1 dead, 1,200 injured2005 Fukuoka earthquake[103] [104]
Fukushima5 November 19387.87.5VI 51 dead-[105] [106]
Gifu14 August 19096.9N/AN/A641 dead, 774 injured1909 Anegawa earthquake[107] [108]
Gunma25 February 20135.86.3VIII5+ --[109] [110]
Hiroshima24 March 20016.86.7VIII6-2 dead, 288 injured2001 Geiyo earthquake[111] [112] [113]
Hokkaido25 September 20038.38.0IX6-1 dead, 850 injured, 2 missing2003 Tokachi earthquake[114] [115] [116]
16 January 19956.97.3XII76,634 dead, 43,792 injuredGreat Hanshin earthquake[117] [118] [119]
Ibaraki11 March 20117.97.6VIII6+-2011 Tōhoku earthquake (aftershock)[120] [121]
Ishikawa1 January 20247.57.6XI7299 dead, 1,323 injured2024 Noto earthquake[122] [123] [124]
Iwate20 March 19608.07.2VI 4--[125] [126]
Kagawa26 May 20054.84.7N/A3--[127] [128]
Kagoshima15 June 19117.98.1VIIN/A12 dead1911 Kikai Island earthquake[129] [130]
Kanagawa1 September 19238.0-8.27.9XI7142,800 dead1923 Great Kantō earthquake[131] [132]

See also

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

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  3. Tatsuo Usami "Historical earthquakes in Japan", In: William H.K. Lee, Hiroo Kanamori, Paul C. Jennings and Carl Kisslinger, (Eds.), International Geophysics, Academic Press, 2002, Volume 81, Part 1, International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, pp. 799–802, ISSN 0074-6142,,
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