| Election Name: | 1986 Japanese House of Councillors election |
| Country: | Japan |
| Flag Year: | 1870 |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1983 Japanese House of Councillors election |
| Previous Year: | 1983 |
| Next Election: | 1989 Japanese House of Councillors election |
| Next Year: | 1989 |
| Seats For Election: | 127 of the 252 seats in the House of Councillors |
| Majority Seats: | 127 |
| Election Date: | 6 July 1986 |
| Image1: | Yasuhiro Nakasone.jpg |
| Leader1: | Yasuhiro Nakasone |
| Party1: | Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) |
| Last Election1: | 137 seats, 35.3% |
| Seats After1: | 140 |
| Seat Change1: | 3 |
| Popular Vote1: | 22,132,573 |
| Percentage1: | 38.6% |
| Swing1: | 3.3% |
| Leader2: | Masashi Ishibashi |
| Party2: | Japan Socialist Party |
| Last Election2: | 44 seats, 16.3% |
| Seats After2: | 41 |
| Seat Change2: | 3 |
| Popular Vote2: | 9,869,088 |
| Percentage2: | 17.2% |
| Swing2: | 0.9% |
| Image3: | Yoshikatsu-Takeiri-3.png |
| Party3: | Kōmeitō (1962–1998) |
| Last Election3: | 26 seats, 15.7% |
| Seats After3: | 24 |
| Seat Change3: | 2 |
| Popular Vote3: | 7,438,501 |
| Percentage3: | 13.0% |
| Swing3: | 2.7% |
| Image4: | Kenji Miyamoto (cropped).jpg |
| Leader4: | Kenji Miyamoto |
| Party4: | Japanese Communist Party |
| Last Election4: | 14 seats, 8.9% |
| Seats After4: | 16 |
| Seat Change4: | 2 |
| Popular Vote4: | 5,430,838 |
| Percentage4: | 9.5% |
| Swing4: | 0.6% |
| Leader5: | Tsukamoto Saburō |
| Party5: | Democratic Socialist Party (Japan) |
| Last Election5: | 11 seats, 8.4% |
| Seats After5: | 12 |
| Seat Change5: | 1 |
| Popular Vote5: | 3,940,325 |
| Percentage5: | 6.9% |
| Swing5: | 1.5% |
| Leader6: | Seiichi Tagawa |
| Party6: | New Liberal Club |
| Last Election6: | 2 seats, 2.7% |
| Seats After6: | 2 |
| Popular Vote6: | 1,367,291 |
| Percentage6: | 2.4% |
| Swing6: | 0.3% |
| President of the House of Councillors | |
| Before Election: | Matsuo Kimura |
| Before Party: | Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) |
| After Election: | Masaaki Fujita |
| After Party: | Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) |
Elections for the Japanese House of Councillors were held in Japan in 1986.
Only half of this House of Councillors was up for election. The results show the whole legislature following the elections.
| Constituency | Total seats | Seats won | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDP | JSP | Kōmeitō | JCP | DSP | TAP | NPSM | DC | NLC | Ind. | |||
| Aichi | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
| Akita | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Aomori | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Chiba | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Ehime | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Fukui | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Fukuoka | 3 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||
| Fukushima | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Gifu | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Gunma | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
| Hiroshima | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Hokkaido | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
| Hyōgo | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
| Ibaraki | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Ishikawa | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Iwate | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Kagawa | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Kagoshima | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
| Kanagawa | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Kōchi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Kumamoto | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
| Kyoto | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Mie | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Miyagi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Miyazaki | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Nagano | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Nagasaki | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Nara | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Niigata | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Ōita | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Okinawa | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Okayama | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Osaka | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
| Saga | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Saitama | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Shiga | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Shimane | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Shizuoka | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Tochigi | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
| Tokushima | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Tokyo | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
| Tottori | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Toyama | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Wakayama | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Yamagata | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Yamaguchi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Yamanashi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| National | 50 | 22 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Total | 126 | 72 | 20 | 10 | 9 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | |