| Native Name A: | Japanese: 内閣 |
| Native Name R: | Japanese: Naikaku |
| Seal: | Go-shichi no kiri crest 2.svg |
| Preceding1: | Daijō-kan |
| Jurisdiction: | Government of Japan |
| Headquarters: | Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan |
| Chief1 Name: | Shigeru Ishiba |
| Chief1 Position: | Prime Minister of Japan |
| Child1 Agency: | Naikaku Sōri Daijin Kantei (Prime Minister's Office) |
| Child2 Agency: | Cabinet Office |
| Child3 Agency: | Ministries of Japan |
| Website: | https://japan.kantei.go.jp/ |
The is the chief executive body of the government of Japan. It consists of the prime minister, who is appointed by the Emperor after being nominated by the National Diet, in addition to up to nineteen other members, called ministers of state. The current cabinet is Second Ishiba Cabinet, which was formed on 11 November 2024, is led by the prime minister Shigeru Ishiba. The country has had a Liberal Democratic–Komeito coalition cabinet (minority government) since 2024.
The prime minister is nominated by the National Diet, while the remaining ministers are appointed and dismissed by the prime minister. The Cabinet is collectively responsible to the National Diet and must resign if a motion of no confidence is adopted by the National Diet.
Under the Constitution of Japan, Cabinet ministers are appointed after the selection of the prime minister. A majority of the Cabinet, including the prime minister, must be members of the National Diet, and all members must be civilians. Under the Cabinet Law, the number of Cabinet ministers (excluding the prime minister) must be fourteen or less, but this may be increased to nineteen if a special need arises. If the Cabinet collectively resigns, it continues to exercise its functions until the appointment of a new prime minister. While they are in office, legal action may not be taken against Cabinet ministers without the consent of the prime minister. The Cabinet must resign en masse in the following circumstances:
The Cabinet exercises two kinds of power. Some of its powers are nominally exercised by the Emperor with the binding "advice and approval" of the Cabinet. Other powers are explicitly vested in the Cabinet. Contrary to the practice in many constitutional monarchies, the Emperor is not even the nominal chief executive. Instead, the Constitution explicitly vests executive authority in the Cabinet. Hence, nearly all of the day-to-day work of governing is done by the Cabinet.
In practice, much of the Cabinet's authority is exercised by the prime minister. Under the Constitution, the prime minister exercises "control and supervision" over the executive branch, and no law or Cabinet order can take effect without the prime minister's countersignature (and the emperor's promulgation). While Cabinet Ministers in most other parliamentary democracies theoretically have some freedom of action (within the limits of cabinet collective responsibility), the Japanese Cabinet is effectively an extension of the prime minister's authority.
According to Article 75 of the Constitution, Ministers of State are not subject to legal action without the consent of the prime minister during their tenure of office.
See main article: List of Japanese cabinets.
See main article: Second Ishiba Cabinet. The current cabinet, led by the newly appointed Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba, and succeeded the First Ishiba Cabinet. Ishiba is currently in the process of forming his cabinet, following the 2024 General Election.
the makeup of the current Cabinet is as follows:[1]
103rd Cabinet of Japan Second Ishiba Cabinet | ||||||
| Color key: | ||||||
| Minister | Office(s) | Department | Took Office | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cabinet ministers | ||||||
| Shigeru Ishiba | Prime Minister | Cabinet Office | ||||
| Seiichiro Murakami | Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications | Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications | ||||
| Keisuke Suzuki | Minister of Justice | Ministry of Justice | ||||
| Takeshi Iwaya | Minister for Foreign Affairs | Ministry of Foreign Affairs | ||||
| Katsunobu Katō | Minister of Finance Minister of State for Financial Services Minister in charge of Overcoming Deflation | Ministry of Finance Financial Services Agency | ||||
| Toshiko Abe | Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Minister in charge of Education Rebuilding | Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology | ||||
| Takamaro Fukuoka | Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare | Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare | ||||
| Taku Etō | Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries | Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries | ||||
| Yoji Muto | Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry Minister in charge of the Response to the Economic Impact Caused by the Nuclear Accident Minister for Green Transformation Minister in charge of Industrial Competitiveness Minister of State for the Nuclear Damage Compensation and Decommissioning Facilitation Corporation | Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry | ||||
| Hiromasa Nakano | Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Minister in charge of Water Cycle Policy Minister for the World Horticultural Exhibition Yokohama 2027 | Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism | ||||
| Keiichiro Asao | Minister of the Environment Minister of State for Nuclear Emergency Preparedness | Ministry of the Environment | ||||
| Gen Nakatani | Minister of Defense | Ministry of Defense | ||||
| Yoshimasa Hayashi | Chief Cabinet Secretary Minister in charge of Mitigating the Impact of U.S. Forces in Okinawa Minister in charge of the Abduction Issue | Cabinet Secretariat Cabinet Office | ||||
| Masaaki Taira | Minister for Digital Transformation Minister in charge of Administrative Reform Minister in charge of Civil Service Reform Minister in charge of Cybersecurity Minister of State for Regulatory Reform | Digital Agency Cabinet Office | ||||
| Tadahiko Ito | Minister of Reconstruction Minister in charge of Comprehensive Policy Coordination for Revival from the Nuclear Accident at Fukushima | Reconstruction Agency | ||||
| Manabu Sakai | Chairman of the National Public Safety Commission Minister in charge of Building National Resilience Minister in charge of Territorial Issues Minister of State for Disaster Management and Ocean Policy | National Public Safety Commission Cabinet Office | ||||
| Junko Mihara | Minister of State for Policies Related to Children Minister of State for Measures for Declining Birthrate Minister of State for Youth’s Empowerment Minister of State for Gender Equality Minister of State for Promoting Cohesive and Mutual Assistance Society Minister in charge of Women's Empowerment Minister in charge of Cohesive Society | Children and Families Agency Cabinet Office | ||||
| Ryosei Akazawa | Minister in charge of Economic Revitalization Minister in charge of New Capitalism Minister in charge of Wage Increase Minister in charge of Startups Minister in charge of Social Security Reform Minister in charge of Infectious Disease Crisis Management Minister in charge of the Preparation of Establishing the Disaster Management Agency Minister of State for Economic and Fiscal Policy | Cabinet Office | ||||
| Minoru Kiuchi | Minister in charge of Economic Security Minister of State for "Cool Japan" Strategy Minister of State for Intellectual Property Strategy Minister of State for Science and Technology Policy Minister of State for Space Policy Minister of State for Economic Security | Cabinet Office | ||||
| Yoshitaka Itō | Minister of State for Okinawa and Northern Territories Affairs Minister for Consumer Affairs and Food Safety Minister of State for Regional Revitalization Minister of State for Ainu-Related Policies Minister in charge of the Creation of New Regional Economies and Living Environments Minister for the World Expo 2025 | Cabinet Office | ||||