Japan Cooperative Party (1945–46) Explained

Japan Cooperative Party
Native Name:
Japanese: Nihon Kyōdōtō
Founded:18 December 1945[1] [2]
Dissolved:24 May 1946
Headquarters:Tokyo
Ideology:Cooperative socialism
Conservatism
Co-operatism[3]
Position:Centre
Country:Japan

The Japan Cooperative Party (Japanese: 日本協同党, Nihon Kyōdōtō) was a political party in Japan.

History

On 18 December 1945, the party was established by the center of the former Sangyō Kumiai such as cooperatist and dairy farmer .[2] It initially had around 20 members, and journalist was assumed chairperson of the party.[1] [3] [4] On 4 January 1946, the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP) published a memorandum pertaining to the Purge (from public office) based on the Potsdam Declaration and an order from the State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee (SWNCC). Only two of the party's 23 legislative members were able to escape the Purge. It won 14 seats in the April 1946 elections. On the other hand, the dominant Liberal Party could not win an absolute majority, so the Shidehara Cabinet did not resign and began maneuvering to cling to power. In response, the party supported a movement for the campaign to oust the cabinet advocated by the Socialist Party, and formed a four-party joint committee of the Japan Cooperative Party, the Socialist Party, the Liberal Party, and the Communist Party. The four-party joint committee started negotiations for a coalition government after defeating the cabinet, but the idea eventually failed due to disagreements within the subcommittee. In May, it merged with several smaller parties to form the Cooperative Democratic Club, later renamed the Cooperative Democratic Party.

Policies

After World War II, several new parties emerged in pursuit of co-operatism as a modification of capitalism, the Japan Cooperative Party was its origin.[2] The party advocated cooperative socialism, co-operatism and Kōtō Goji in its platform.[1] [2] In its policy outline, it described co-operatism as "stabilize the lives of the people through mutual aid between cities and farming / fishing villages centred on cooperatives, and establish and encourage a production system that integrates agriculture, manufacturing and commerce."[2] In addition, it advocated defeat the monopoly capital and every feudalistic element, and aimed at centrism (i.e. stand between capitalism and socialism).[1] The party's mainly base was urban manufacturers and merchants, landlords, wealthy peasants, and small- to medium-sized manufacturers and merchants.[1] [3]

Election results

House of Representatives

ElectionLeaderVotes%SeatsPositionStatus
1946Sanehiko Yamamoto1,799,7643.255th
Source:

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Yoshida . Kenji . https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%8D%94%E5%90%8C%E5%85%9A-110123#E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E5.A4.A7.E7.99.BE.E7.A7.91.E5.85.A8.E6.9B.B8.28.E3.83.8B.E3.83.83.E3.83.9D.E3.83.8B.E3.82.AB.29 . ja:日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)の解説 . December 30, 2020 . The Nihon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Encyclopedia Nipponica 's explanation . kotobank.jp . . ja .
  2. Web site: https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%8D%94%E5%90%8C%E5%85%9A-110123#E4.B8.96.E7.95.8C.E5.A4.A7.E7.99.BE.E7.A7.91.E4.BA.8B.E5.85.B8.20.E7.AC.AC.EF.BC.92.E7.89.88 . ja:世界大百科事典 第2版の解説 . The Heibonsha World Encyclopedia (2nd ed.) 's explanation . December 30, 2020 . kotobank.jp . . ja .
  3. Web site: https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%8D%94%E5%90%8C%E5%85%9A-110123#E3.83.96.E3.83.AA.E3.82.BF.E3.83.8B.E3.82.AB.E5.9B.BD.E9.9A.9B.E5.A4.A7.E7.99.BE.E7.A7.91.E4.BA.8B.E5.85.B8.20.E5.B0.8F.E9.A0.85.E7.9B.AE.E4.BA.8B.E5.85.B8 . ja:ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典の解説 . The Encyclopædia Britannica: Micropædia 's explanation . December 30, 2020 . kotobank.jp . . ja .
  4. Web site: https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9C%AC%E5%AE%9F%E5%BD%A6-144339#E3.83.96.E3.83.AA.E3.82.BF.E3.83.8B.E3.82.AB.E5.9B.BD.E9.9A.9B.E5.A4.A7.E7.99.BE.E7.A7.91.E4.BA.8B.E5.85.B8.20.E5.B0.8F.E9.A0.85.E7.9B.AE.E4.BA.8B.E5.85.B8 . ja:山本実彦とは § ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典の解説 . What is Yamamoto Sanehiko? § The Encyclopædia Britannica: Micropædia 's explanation . December 30, 2020 . kotobank.jp . . ja .