Japan–United States Friendship Act of 1975 explained

Shorttitle:	Japan–United States Friendship Act of 1975
Longtitle:	An Act to provide for the use of certain funds to promote scholarly, cultural, and artistic activities between Japan and the United States, and for other purposes.
Enacted By:	94th
Public Law Url:	http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-89/pdf/STATUTE-89-Pg603.pdf
Cite Public Law:	94-118
Title Amended:	22 U.S.C.: Foreign Relations and Intercourse
Sections Created:	§ 2901 et seq.
Introducedin:	Senate
Introducedby:	Jacob K. Javits (R–NY)
Introduceddate:	February 25, 1975
Committees:	House Foreign Affairs, Senate Foreign Relations
Passedbody1:	Senate
Passeddate1:	June 13, 1975
Passedvote1:	Passed
Passedbody2:	House
Passeddate2:	September 26, 1975
Passedvote2:	Passed, in lieu of
Signedpresident:	Gerald Ford
Signeddate:	October 20, 1975

The Japan–United States Friendship Act of 1975 seek to establish a cooperative peacetime friendship through the exchange of artistic and cultural endowments. The United States statute is a declaration stating a Japan–United States friendship will provide a global model partnership leading to future peace, prosperity, and security in Asia. The Act of Congress acknowledges the 1971 Okinawa Reversion Agreement relinquishing United States authority of the Okinawa Prefecture better known as the Daitō Islands and Ryukyu Islands. The Act created the Japan–United States Friendship Trust Fund and Japan–United States Friendship Commission developing programs for the artistic and cultural exchanges between America and Japan.

The S. 824 legislation was passed by the 94th United States Congressional session and enacted into law by the 38th President of the United States Gerald Ford on October 20, 1975.^[1]

Content of the Act

The United States public law was compiled as six codified sections for the administrative functions of the Japan–United States Friendship Trust Fund.

22 U.S.C. 44 § 2901 – Statement of Findings and Purpose
22 U.S.C. 44 § 2902 – Establishment of the Japan–United States Friendship Trust Fund and Expenditures
22 U.S.C. 44 § 2903 – Establishment of the Japan–United States Friendship Commission
22 U.S.C. 44 § 2904 – Functions of the Japan–United States Friendship Commission
22 U.S.C. 44 § 2905 – Administrative Provisions
22 U.S.C. 44 § 2906 – Management of the Japan–United States Friendship Trust Fund

Emperor of Japan State Visit

See also: State visits to the United States. The Emperor of Japan and Empress of Japan briefly visited the United States in September 1971 while en route to Europe.^[2] ^[3] Emperor Shōwa and Empress Kōjun completed a stopover at Elmendorf Air Force Base in Anchorage, Alaska meeting the 37th President of the United States Richard Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon on September 26, 1971.^[4] ^[5]

Emperor Hirohito and Empress Nagako Kuni departed the Tokyo Imperial Palace in October 1975 for a fifteen-day goodwill tour of the United States. The Japanese royal family joined U.S. President Gerald Ford's Administration at the White House seeking to bolster a Pacific friendship while developing a better understanding of American culture and Japanese culture.^[6] ^[7]

Emperor Hirohito state visit encompassed Colonial Williamsburg, Washington, D.C., New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, and San Francisco.^[8] Emperor Shōwa pursued marine biology interests at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution at Cape Cod on October 4, 1975 and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego on October 9, 1975.^[9] Emperor Hirohito and Empress Nagako Kuni concluded their State visit to the United States in Honolulu on October 13, 1975.^[10]

Reading Bibliography

Web site: Japanese Culture in the Meiji Era . Keizo . Shibusawa . 1958 . Life and Culture . Internet Archive . The Toyo Bunko . Tokyo, Japan.
Web site: Dolls of Friendship; The Story of a Goodwill Project between the Children of America and Japan . 1929 . Internet Archive . New York, New York . Committee on World Friendship Among Children.
Web site: Japanese Prints and Rare Japanese Books, Kakemono, Makemono, Netsuke, Surimono, etc. . Chicago Historical Society . Gunther Estate . 1921 . Internet Archive . New York, New York . Walpole Galleries.
Web site: Friendship between the United States and Japan : Superficial Causes of Misunderstanding not likely to Overbalance Sound Reasons for Maintaining Historic Amity . Eliot . Charles William . 1920 . Internet Archive . Portland, Oregon . Japanese Merchants Association.
Web site: A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era . Brinkley . Frank . Kikuchi . Dairoku . 1915 . Internet Archive . New York, New York . The Encyclopaedia Britannica Co..
Web site: Japanese Illustrations a History of the Arts of Wood-cutting and Colour Printing in Japan . Strange . Edward Fairbrother . 1897 . Internet Archive . London, England . G. Bell and Sons.
Web site: Japanese Homes and Their Surroundings . Morse . Edward Sylvester . 1885 . Internet Archive . New York, New York . Harper & Brothers.
Web site: Japan : Its Architecture, Art, and Art Manufactures . Dresser . Christopher . 1882 . Internet Archive . New York, New York . Scribner and Welford.
Web site: Old Japanese Temple Design Rules . Ancient Unknown . 1200 . Internet Archive . . Heinz Franz.

External links

- Web site: State Visits - Emperor Hirohito . October 1, 1975 . Box 27: Ron Nessen Papers . Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
Web site: State Visits - Meeting with Japanese Emperor Hirohito . October 1, 1975 . Box 28: Ron Nessen Papers . Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
Web site: Japan - Thank You Letter from Emperor Hirohito . November 25, 1975 . Box 2: National Security Adviser's Presidential Correspondence with Foreign Leaders . Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
Web site: Presidential Proclamation 4397 - Japan-United States Friendship Days . October 2, 1975 . 89 Stat. 1300 . U.S. Government Publishing Office.
Web site: Proclamation - Japan-United States Friendship Days . October 2, 1975 . Box 35: William J. Baroody Files . Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
Web site: Halloran . Richard . Hirohito Leaves On U.S. Trip Amid Tight Security . September 30, 1975 . New York Times.
Web site: Shabecoff . Philip . Hirohito Arrives For Tour In U.S. . October 1, 1975 . New York Times.
Web site: Shabecoff . Philip . Hirohito Extols Japanese-U.S Ties . October 3, 1975 . New York Times.
Web site: Rensberger . Boyce . Hirohito Given Scientific Treat In Visit To Cape Cod Laboratory . October 5, 1975 . New York Times.
Web site: Japan-United States Friendship Commission . JUSFC.gov.

Notes and References

Web site: Statement on Signing the Japan-United States Friendship Act - October 21, 1975 . Ford . Gerald R. . 1975 . Public Papers of the Presidents, Gerald R. Ford 1975 . Washington, D.C. . National Archives and Records Service . Internet Archive . 1718–1719.
Web site: Statement Announcing Plans To Meet With the Emperor and Empress of Japan - August 20, 1971 . Nixon . Richard M. . 1971 . Public Papers of the Presidents, Richard M. Nixon 1971 . Washington, D.C. . National Archives and Records Service . Internet Archive . 919.
Web site: A Visit From the Emperor of Japan . September 26, 1971 . NixonFoundation.org . Richard Nixon Foundation.
Web site: Remarks of Welcome to Emperor Hirohito of Japan at Anchorage, Alaska - September 26, 1971 . Nixon . Richard M. . 1971 . Public Papers of the Presidents, Richard M. Nixon 1971 . Washington, D.C. . National Archives and Records Service . Internet Archive . 1005.
Web site: Statement About the Meeting With Emperor Hirohito of Japan - September 26, 1971 . Nixon . Richard M. . 1971 . Public Papers of the Presidents, Richard M. Nixon 1971 . Washington, D.C. . National Archives and Records Service . Internet Archive . 1006–1007.
Web site: Remarks of Welcome to Emperor Hirohito of Japan - October 2, 1975 . Ford . Gerald R. . 1975 . Public Papers of the Presidents, Gerald R. Ford 1975 . Washington, D.C. . National Archives and Records Service . Internet Archive . 1582–1584.
Web site: Toasts of the President and Emperor Hirohito of Japan at a Dinner Honoring the President - October 3, 1975 . Ford . Gerald R. . 1975 . Public Papers of the Presidents, Gerald R. Ford 1975 . Washington, D.C. . National Archives and Records Service . Internet Archive . 1591–1592.
Web site: Reuters . Hirohito Itinerary In U.S. Is Announced . August 14, 1975 . New York Times.
Web site: The State Visit of Their Majesties the Emperor and the Empress of Japan to the United States . October 1975 . Box 28: Ron Nessen Papers . Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library . 12 & 18.
- Web site: Nordheimer . Jon . Hirohito on Visit to Hawaii, Like Many of His Subjects . October 13, 1975 . New York Times.