| Janusz Radziwiłł | |
| Birth Name: | Janusz Franciszek Radziwiłł |
| Birth Date: | 3 September 1880 |
| Birth Place: | Berlin, German Empire |
| Death Place: | Warsaw, Poland |
| Style: | His Serene Highness, Prince Radziwiłł, Ordinat of Ołyka [1] |
| Children: | Edmund Ferdynand Radziwiłł Krystyna Maria Radziwiłł Ludwik Ferdynand Radziwiłł Stanisław Albrecht Radziwiłł |
| Parents: | Ferdynand Radziwiłł Pelagia Sapieha |
| Relations: | Michał Radziwiłł Rudy (brother) Ferdynand Radziwiłł (grandfather) |
Prince Janusz Franciszek Radziwiłł (3 September 1880 – 4 October 1967) was a Polish nobleman and politician.[2] [3]
Prince Radziwiłł was born on 3 September 1880 in Berlin in the then German Empire. He was the son of Prince Ferdynand Radziwiłł (1834–1926) and Princess Pelagia Sapieha-Kodenska. His siblings were Michał Radziwiłł Rudy, Karol Ferdynand Radziwiłł, Małgorzata.[4]
His paternal grandparents were Prince Ferdynand Radziwiłł and Countess Leontyna von Clary und Aldringen. His maternal grandparents were Prince Léon Sapieha-Kodenski and Countess Johanna Tyszkiewicz. His great-grandfather was Prince Anton Radziwill and his great-grandmother was Princess Louise of Prussia (1770–1836).[4] [5]
He was a member of the government of the Kingdom of Poland and a conservative politician in the Second Polish Republic. From 1919 to 1920, he was the Polish envoy to London and served as the Polish Foreign Minister from 1920 to 1921.[2] [6] [7]
He was a supporter of Józef Piłsudski, member of his BBWR coalition, Sejm deputy from 1928 to 1935 and a member of the Polish Senate from 1935 to 1939.[7] Despite being a supporter of the government, he was critical of sanacja's excesses (persecution of political opponents, censorship). In 1937 he joined the Camp of National Unity (OZON).[8] [9] [10]
After the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939, he was arrested by NKVD. Imprisoned in the infamous Lubyanka prison, he was personally interrogated by Lavrentiy Beria.[11] He was released after a few months after international pressure from, among others, the Italian royal family (due to the prestige of the Radziwiłł family). He returned to Nazi occupied Poland, where he tried to use his prestige to improve Nazi treatment of the Poles; he met with Hermann Göring (whom he knew from before the war)[12] but his efforts were futile.[8] He was briefly imprisoned by the Germans during the Warsaw Uprising in 1944.[13]
After the war in 1945 he was again arrested by NKVD; his wife would die in a communist prison in 1947.[14] He was eventually released, with most of his possessions confiscated and nationalized by the communist government.[15] In 1959, the Polish government gave the 79 year old a passport to visit his son and daughter in England and Spain.[16]
On 9 December 1905, Radziwiłł was married to Princess Anna Jadwiga Maria Lubomirska (1882–1947) in Rowno, Poland. She was the daughter of Prince Stanislaw Lubomirski and Princess Wanda Lubomirska.[17] Together, they were the parents of:[14]
Radziwiłł died in his two-room apartment in Warsaw, Poland on 4 October 1967,[20] Before the War, he owned two palaces in Warsaw. He was buried in Poland.[21]