January 1 Explained

January 1 is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar; 364 days remain until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. __TOC__

Events

Pre-1600

• 153 BC  - For the first time, Roman consuls begin their year in office on January 1.^[1]
• 45 BC  - The Julian calendar takes effect as the civil calendar of the Roman Republic, establishing January 1 as the new date of the new year.^[2]
• 42 BC  - The Roman Senate posthumously deifies Julius Caesar.^[3]
• 193  - The Senate chooses Pertinax against his will to succeed Commodus as Roman emperor.^[4]
• 404  - Saint Telemachus tries to stop a gladiatorial fight in a Roman amphitheatre, and is stoned to death by the crowd. This act impresses the Christian Emperor Honorius, who issues a historic ban on gladiatorial fights.^[5]
• 417  - Emperor Honorius forces Galla Placidia into marriage to Constantius, his famous general (magister militum) (probable).^[6]
• 947  - Emperor Tai Zong of the Khitan-led Liao Dynasty captures Daliang, ending the dynasty and empire of the Later Jin.^[7]
• 1001  - Grand Prince Stephen I of Hungary is named the first King of Hungary by Pope Sylvester II (probable).^[8]
• 1068  - Romanos IV Diogenes marries Eudokia Makrembolitissa and is crowned Byzantine Emperor.^[9]
• 1259  - Michael VIII Palaiologos is proclaimed co-emperor of the Empire of Nicaea with his ward John IV Laskaris.^[10]
• 1438  - Albert II of Habsburg is crowned King of Hungary.^[11]
• 1502  - The present-day location of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is first explored by the Portuguese.^[12]
• 1515  - Twenty-year-old Francis, Duke of Brittany, succeeds to the French throne following the death of his father-in-law, Louis XII.^[13]
• 1527  - Croatian nobles elect Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria as King of Croatia in the 1527 election in Cetin.^[14]
• 1600  - Scotland recognises January 1 as the start of the year, instead of March 25.^[15]

1601–1900

• 1604  - The Masque of Indian and China Knights is performed by courtiers of James VI and I at Hampton Court.^[16]
• 1651  - Charles II is crowned King of Scotland at Scone Palace.^[17]
• 1700  - Russia begins using the Anno Domini era instead of the Anno Mundi era of the Byzantine Empire.^[18]
• 1707  - John V is proclaimed King of Portugal and the Algarves in Lisbon.^[19]
• 1739  - Bouvet Island, the world's remotest island,^[20] is discovered by French explorer Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier.^[21]
• 1772  - The first traveler's cheques, which could be used in 90 European cities, are issued by the London Credit Exchange Company.^[22]
• 1773  - The hymn that became known as "Amazing Grace", then titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17, Faith's Review and Expectation", is first used to accompany a sermon led by John Newton in the town of Olney, Buckinghamshire, England.^[23]
• 1776  - American Revolutionary War: Norfolk, Virginia is burned by combined Royal Navy and Continental Army action.^[24]
• 1776  - General George Washington hoists the first United States flag, the Grand Union Flag, at Prospect Hill.^[25]
• 1781  - American Revolutionary War: One thousand five hundred soldiers of the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment under General Anthony Wayne's command rebel against the Continental Army's winter camp in Morristown, New Jersey in the Pennsylvania Line Mutiny of 1781.^[26]
• 1788  - The first edition of The Times of London, previously The Daily Universal Register, is published.^[27]
• 1801  - The legislative union of Kingdom of Great Britain and Kingdom of Ireland is completed, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland is proclaimed.^[28]
• 1801  - Ceres, the largest and first known object in the Asteroid belt, is discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi.^[29]
• 1804  - French rule ends in Haiti. Haiti becomes the first black-majority republic and second independent country in North America after the United States.^[30]
• 1806  - The French Republican Calendar is abolished.^[31]
• 1808  - The United States bans the importation of slaves.^[32]
• 1810  - Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales.^[33]
• 1822  - The Greek Constitution of 1822 is adopted by the First National Assembly at Epidaurus.^[34]
• 1834  - Most of Germany forms the Zollverein customs union, the first such union between sovereign states.^[35]
• 1845  - The Philippines moved its national calendar to align with other Asian countries' calendars by skipping Tuesday, December 31, 1844. The change was ordered by Governor–General Narciso Claveria to reform the country's calendar so that it aligned with the rest of Asia. Its territory had been one day behind the rest of Asia for 323 years since the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in the Philippines on March 16, 1521.^[36]
• 1847  - The world's first "Mercy" Hospital is founded in Pittsburgh, United States, by a group of Sisters of Mercy from Ireland;^[37] the name will go on to grace over 30 major hospitals throughout the world.
• 1860  - The first Polish stamp is issued, replacing the Russian stamps previously in use.^[38]
• 1861  - Liberal forces supporting Benito Juárez enter Mexico City.^[39]
• 1863  - American Civil War: The Emancipation Proclamation takes effect in Confederate territory.^[40]
• 1877  - Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom is proclaimed Empress of India.^[41]
• 1885  - Twenty-five nations adopt Sandford Fleming's proposal for standard time (and also, time zones).^[42]
• 1890  - Eritrea is consolidated into a colony by the Italian government.^[43]
• 1892  - Ellis Island begins processing immigrants into the United States.^[44]
• 1898  - New York, New York annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York. The four initial boroughs, Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and The Bronx, are joined on January 25 by Staten Island to create the modern city of five boroughs.
• 1899  - Spanish rule ends in Cuba.^[45]
• 1900  - Nigeria becomes British protectorate with Frederick Lugard as high commissioner.^[46]

1901–present

• 1901  - The Southern Nigeria Protectorate is established within the British Empire.^[47]
• 1901  - The British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania, and Western Australia federate as the Commonwealth of Australia; Edmund Barton is appointed the first Prime Minister.^[48]
• 1902  - The first American college football bowl game, the Rose Bowl between Michigan and Stanford, is held in Pasadena, California.^[49]
• 1910  - Captain David Beatty is promoted to Rear admiral, and becomes the youngest admiral in the Royal Navy (except for Royal family members) since Horatio Nelson.^[50]
• 1912  - The Republic of China is established.^[51]
• 1914  - The SPT Airboat Line becomes the world's first scheduled airline to use a winged aircraft.^[52]
• 1923  - Britain's Railways are grouped into the Big Four: LNER, GWR, SR, and LMS.^[53]
• 1927  - New Mexican oil legislation goes into effect, leading to the formal outbreak of the Cristero War.^[54]
• 1928  - Boris Bazhanov defects through Iran to seek asylum in France. He is the only member of Joseph Stalin's secretariat to have defected from the Soviet Union.^[55]
• 1929  - The former municipalities of Point Grey, British Columbia and South Vancouver, British Columbia are amalgamated into Vancouver.^[56]
• 1932  - The United States Post Office Department issues a set of 12 stamps commemorating the 200th anniversary of George Washington's birth.^[57]
• 1934  - Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay becomes a United States federal prison.^[58]
• 1934  - A "Law for the Prevention of Genetically Diseased Offspring" comes into effect in Nazi Germany.^[59]
• 1942  - The Declaration by United Nations is signed by twenty-six nations.^[60]
• 1945  - World War II: The German Luftwaffe launches Operation Bodenplatte, a massive, but failed, attempt to knock out Allied air power in northern Europe in a single blow.^[61]
• 1947  - Cold War: The American and British occupation zones in Allied-occupied Germany, after World War II, merge to form the Bizone, which later (with the French zone) became part of West Germany.^[62]
• 1947  - The Canadian Citizenship Act 1946 comes into effect, converting British subjects into Canadian citizens.^[63] Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King becomes the first Canadian citizen.
• 1948  - The British railway network is nationalized to form British Railways.^[64]
• 1949  - United Nations cease-fire takes effect in Kashmir from one minute before midnight. War between India and Pakistan stops accordingly.^[65]
• 1956  - Sudan achieves independence from Egypt and the United Kingdom.^[66]
• 1957  - George Town, Penang, is made a city by a royal charter of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.^[67]
• 1957  - Lèse majesté in Thailand is strengthened to include "insult" and changed to a crime against national security, after the Thai criminal code of 1956 went into effect.^[68]
• 1958  - The European Economic Community is established.^[69]
• 1959  - Cuban Revolution: Fulgencio Batista, dictator of Cuba, is overthrown by Fidel Castro's forces.^[70]
• 1960  - Cameroon achieves independence from France and the United Kingdom.^[71]
• 1962  - Western Samoa achieves independence from New Zealand; its name is changed to the Independent State of Western Samoa.^[72]
• 1964  - The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is divided into the independent republics of Zambia and Malawi, and the British-controlled Rhodesia.^[73]
• 1965  - The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan is founded in Kabul, Afghanistan.^[74]
• 1970  - The defined beginning of Unix time, at 00:00:00.^[75]
• 1971  - Cigarette advertisements are banned on American television.^[76]
• 1973  - Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom are admitted into the European Economic Community.^[77]
• 1976  - A bomb explodes on board Middle East Airlines Flight 438 over Qaisumah, Saudi Arabia, killing all 81 people on board.^[78]
• 1978  - Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747, crashes into the Arabian Sea off the coast of Bombay, India, due to instrument failure, spatial disorientation, and pilot error, killing all 213 people on board.
• 1979  - the Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations and Taiwan Relations Act enter into force. Through the Communiqué, the United States establishes normal diplomatic relations with China.^[79] Through the Act, the United States guarantees military support for Taiwan.^[80]
• 1981  - Greece is admitted into the European Community.^[81]
• 1982  - Peruvian Javier Pérez de Cuéllar becomes the first Latin American to hold the title of Secretary-General of the United Nations.^[82]
• 1983  - The ARPANET officially changes to using TCP/IP, the Internet Protocol, effectively creating the Internet.^[83]
• 1984  - The original American Telephone & Telegraph Company is divested of its 22 Bell System companies as a result of the settlement of the 1974 United States Department of Justice antitrust suit against AT&T.^[84]
• 1984  - Brunei becomes independent of the United Kingdom.^[85]
• 1985  - The first British mobile phone call is made by Michael Harrison to his father Sir Ernest Harrison, chairman of Vodafone.^[86]
• 1987  - The Isleta Pueblo tribe elect Verna Williamson to be their first female governor.^[87]
• 1988  - The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America comes into existence, creating the largest Lutheran denomination in the United States.^[88]
• 1989  - The Montreal Protocol comes into force, stopping the use of chemicals contributing to ozone depletion.^[89]
• 1990  - David Dinkins is sworn in as New York City's first black mayor.^[90]
• 1993  - Dissolution of Czechoslovakia: Czechoslovakia is divided into the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic.^[91]
• 1994  - The Zapatista Army of National Liberation initiates twelve days of armed conflict in the Mexican state of Chiapas.^[92]
• 1994  - The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) comes into effect.^[93]
• 1995  - The World Trade Organization comes into being.^[94]
• 1995  - The Draupner wave in the North Sea in Norway is detected, confirming the existence of freak waves.^[95]
• 1995  - Austria, Finland and Sweden join the EU.^[96]
• 1998  - Following a currency reform, Russia begins to circulate new rubles to stem inflation and promote confidence.^[97]
• 1998 – Argentinian physicist Juan Maldacena published a landmark paper initiating the study of AdS/CFT correspondence, which links string theory and quantum gravity.^[98]
• 1999  - The Euro currency is introduced in 11 member nations of the European Union (with the exception of the United Kingdom, Denmark, Greece and Sweden).^[99]
• 2001 – Greece adopts the Euro, becoming the 12th Eurozone country.
• 2004  - In a vote of confidence, General Pervez Musharraf wins 658 out of 1,170 votes in the Electoral College of Pakistan, and according to Article 41(8) of the Constitution of Pakistan, is "deemed to be elected" to the office of President until October 2007.^[100]
• 2007  - Bulgaria and Romania join the EU.^[101]
• 2007  - Adam Air Flight 574 breaks apart in mid-air and crashes near the Makassar Strait, Indonesia, killing all 102 people on board.^[102]
• 2009  - Sixty-six people die in a nightclub fire in Bangkok, Thailand.^[103]
• 2010  - A suicide car bomber detonates at a volleyball tournament in Lakki Marwat, Pakistan, killing 105 and injuring 100 more.^[104]
• 2011  - A bomb explodes as Coptic Christians in Alexandria, Egypt, leave a new year service, killing 23 people.^[105]
• 2011  - Estonia officially adopts the Euro currency and becomes the 17th Eurozone country.^[106]
• 2013  - At least 60 people are killed and 200 injured in a stampede after celebrations at Félix Houphouët-Boigny Stadium in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.^[107]
• 2015  - The Eurasian Economic Union comes into effect, creating a political and economic union between Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.^[108]
• 2017  - An attack on a nightclub in Istanbul, Turkey, during New Year's celebrations, kills 39 people and injures 79 others.^[109]
• 2023  - Croatia officially adopts the Euro, becoming the 20th Eurozone country, and becomes the 27th member of the Schengen Area.^[110]
• 2024
  • A 7.5 earthquake strikes the western coast of Japan, killing more than 300 people and injuring over 1,000 others.^[111]
  • Disney's copyright protection on Steamboat Willie and the original Mickey Mouse expires as they enter the public domain.^[112]
  • Artsakh ceases to exist.^[113]

Births

Pre-1600

• 766  - Ali al-Ridha, 8th Imam of Twelver Shia Islam (d. 818)^[114]
• 1431  - Pope Alexander VI (d. 1503)^[115]
• 1449  - Lorenzo de' Medici, Italian politician (d. 1492)^[116]
• 1467  - Sigismund I the Old, Polish king (d. 1548)^[117]
• 1484  - Huldrych Zwingli, Swiss pastor and theologian (d. 1531)^[118]
• 1511  - Henry, Duke of Cornwall, first-born child of Henry VIII of England (d. 1511)^[119]
• 1557  - Stephen Bocskay, Prince of Transylvania (d. 1606)^[120]
• 1600  - Friedrich Spanheim, Dutch theologian and academic (d. 1649)^[121]

1601–1900

• 1628  - Christoph Bernhard, German composer and theorist (d. 1692)^[122]
• 1655  - Christian Thomasius, German jurist and philosopher (d. 1728)^[123]
• 1684  - Arnold Drakenborch, Dutch scholar and author (d. 1748)^[120]
• 1704  - Soame Jenyns, English author, poet, and politician (d. 1787)^[124]
• 1711  - Baron Franz von der Trenck, Austrian soldier (d. 1749)^[125]
• 1714  - Giovanni Battista Mancini, Italian soprano and author (d. 1800)^[126]
• 1714  - Kristijonas Donelaitis, Lithuanian pastor and poet (d. 1780)^[127]
• 1735  - Paul Revere, American silversmith and engraver (d. 1818)^[128]
• 1745  - Anthony Wayne, American general and politician (d. 1796)^[129]
• 1752  - Betsy Ross, American seamstress, sewed flags for the Pennsylvania Navy during the Revolutionary War (d. 1836)^[130]
• 1768  - Maria Edgeworth, Anglo-Irish author (d. 1849)^[131]
• 1769  - Marie-Louise Lachapelle, French obstetrician (d. 1821)^[132]
• 1774  - André Marie Constant Duméril, French zoologist and academic (d. 1860)^[133]
• 1779  - William Clowes, English publisher (d. 1847)^[134]
• 1803  - Edward Dickinson, American politician and father of poet Emily Dickinson (d. 1874)^[135]
• 1806  - Lionel Kieseritzky, Estonian-French chess player (d. 1853)^[136]
• 1809  - Achille Guenée, French lawyer and entomologist (d. 1880)^[137]
• 1813  - George Bliss, American politician (d. 1868)^[138]
• 1814  - Hong Xiuquan, Chinese rebellion leader and king (d. 1864)^[139]
• 1818  - William Gamble, Irish-born American general (d. 1866)^[140]
• 1819  - Arthur Hugh Clough, English-Italian poet and academic (d. 1861)^[141]
• 1819  - George Foster Shepley, American general (d. 1878)^[142]
• 1823  - Sándor Petőfi, Hungarian poet and activist (d. 1849)^[143]
• 1833  - Robert Lawson, Scottish-New Zealand architect, designed the Otago Boys' High School and Knox Church (d. 1902)^[144]
• 1834  - Ludovic Halévy, French author and playwright (d. 1908)^[145]
• 1839  - Ouida, English-Italian author and activist (d. 1908)^[146]
• 1848  - John W. Goff, Irish-American lawyer and politician (d. 1924)^[147]
• 1852  - Eugène-Anatole Demarçay, French chemist and academic (d. 1904)^[148]
• 1854  - James George Frazer, Scottish anthropologist and academic (d. 1941)^[149]
• 1854  - Thomas Waddell, Irish-Australian politician, 15th Premier of New South Wales (d. 1940)
• 1857  - Tim Keefe, American baseball player (d. 1933)^[150]
• 1858  - Heinrich Rauchinger, Kraków-born painter (d. 1942)^[151]
• 1859  - Michael Joseph Owens, American inventor (d. 1923)^[152]
• 1859  - Thibaw Min, Burmese king (d. 1916)^[153]
• 1860  - Michele Lega, Italian cardinal (d. 1935)^[154]
• 1863  - Pierre de Coubertin, French historian and educator, founded the International Olympic Committee (d. 1937)^[155]
• 1864  - Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer and curator (d. 1946)^[156]
• 1864  - Qi Baishi, Chinese painter (d. 1957)^[157]
• 1867  - Mary Acworth Evershed, English astronomer and scholar (d. 1949)^[158]
• 1874  - Frank Knox, American publisher and politician, 46th United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1944)^[159]
• 1874  - Gustave Whitehead, German-American pilot and engineer (d. 1927)^[160]
• 1877  - Alexander von Staël-Holstein, German sinologist and orientalist (d. 1937)^[161]
• 1878  - Agner Krarup Erlang, Danish mathematician, statistician, and engineer (d. 1929)^[162]
• 1879  - E. M. Forster, English author and playwright (d. 1970)^[163]
• 1879  - William Fox, Hungarian-American screenwriter and producer, founded the Fox Film Corporation and Fox Theatres (d. 1952)^[164]
• 1883  - William J. Donovan, American general, lawyer, and politician (d. 1959)^[165]
• 1883  - Noe Khomeriki, Georgian Social Democrat politician (d. 1924)^[166]
• 1884  - Chikuhei Nakajima, Japanese lieutenant, engineer, and politician, founded Nakajima Aircraft Company (d. 1949)^[167]
• 1887  - Wilhelm Canaris, German admiral (d. 1945)^[168]
• 1888  - Chesley Bonestell, American painter, designer, and illustrator^[169]
• 1888  - John Garand, Canadian-American engineer, designed the M1 Garand rifle (d. 1974)^[170]
• 1888  - Georgios Stanotas, Greek general (d. 1965)^[171]
• 1889  - Charles Bickford, American actor (d. 1967)^[172]
• 1889  - Seabury Quinn, American author (d. 1969)^[173]
• 1890  - Anton Melik, Slovenian geographer and academic (d. 1966)^[174]
• 1891  - Sampurnanand, Indian educator and politician, 3rd Governor of Rajasthan (d. 1969)^[175]
• 1892  - Mahadev Desai, Indian author and activist (d. 1942)^[176]
• 1892  - Artur Rodziński, Polish-American conductor (d. 1958)^[177]
• 1892  - Manuel Roxas, Filipino lawyer and politician, 5th President of the Philippines (d. 1948)^[178]
• 1893  - Mordechai Frizis, Greek colonel (d. 1940)^[179]
• 1893  - Heinie Miller, American football player and coach (d. 1964)^[180]
• 1894  - Satyendra Nath Bose, Indian physicist and mathematician (d. 1974)^[181]
• 1894  - Edward Joseph Hunkeler, American clergyman (d. 1970)^[182]
• 1895  - J. Edgar Hoover, American law enforcement official; 1st Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (d. 1972)^[183]
• 1899  - Randolfo Pacciardi, centre-left Italian politician (d. 1991) ^[184]
• 1900  - Chiune Sugihara, Japanese soldier and diplomat (d. 1986)^[185]
• 1900  - Xavier Cugat, Spanish-American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1990)^[186]

1901–present

• 1902  - Buster Nupen, Norwegian-South African cricketer and lawyer (d. 1977)^[187]
• 1902  - Hans von Dohnányi, German jurist and political dissident (d. 1945)^[188]
• 1904  - Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, Pakistani lawyer and politician, 5th President of Pakistan (d. 1982)^[189]
• 1905  - Stanisław Mazur, Ukrainian-Polish mathematician and theorist (d. 1981)^[190]
• 1905  - Lise Lindbæk, Norwegian journalist and war correspondent (d. 1961)^[191]
• 1906  - Manuel Silos, Filipino filmmaker and actor (d. 1988)^[192]
• 1907  - Kinue Hitomi, Japanese sprinter and long jumper (d. 1931)^[193]
• 1909  - Dana Andrews, American actor (d. 1992)^[194]
• 1909  - Stepan Bandera, Ukrainian soldier and politician (d. 1959)^[195]
• 1911  - Basil Dearden, English director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1971)^[196]
• 1911  - Hank Greenberg, American baseball player (d. 1986)^[197]
• 1911  - Roman Totenberg, Polish-American violinist and educator (d. 2012)^[198]
• 1911  - Audrey Wurdemann, American poet and author (d. 1960)^[199]
• 1912  - Boris Vladimirovich Gnedenko, Russian mathematician and historian (d. 1995)^[200]
• 1912  - Kim Philby, British spy (d. 1988)^[201]
• 1912  - Nikiforos Vrettakos, Greek poet and academic (d. 1991)^[202]
• 1914  - Noor Inayat Khan, British SOE agent (d. 1944)^[203]
• 1917  - Shannon Bolin, American actress and singer (d. 2016)^[204]
• 1918  - Patrick Anthony Porteous, Scottish colonel, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 2000)^[205]
• 1918  - Willy den Ouden, Dutch swimmer (d. 1997)^[206]
• 1919  - Rocky Graziano, American boxer and actor (d. 1990)^[207]
• 1919  - Carole Landis, American actress (d. 1948)^[208]
• 1919  - Sheila Mercier, British actress, Emmerdale Farm (d. 2019)^[209]
• 1919  - Bones McKinney, American basketball player (d. 1997)^[210]
• 1919  - J. D. Salinger, American soldier and author (d. 2010)^[211]
• 1920  - Osvaldo Cavandoli, Italian cartoonist (d. 2007)^[212]
• 1921  - Ismail al-Faruqi, Palestinian-American philosopher and academic (d. 1986)^[213]
• 1921  - César Baldaccini, French sculptor and academic (d. 1998)^[214]
• 1921  - Regina Bianchi, Italian actress (d. 2013)^[215]
• 1921  - Johnny Logan, American basketball player (d. 1977)^[216]
• 1922  - Ernest Hollings, American soldier and politician, 106th Governor of South Carolina (d. 2019)^[217]
• 1923  - Barbara Baxley, American actress (d. 1990)^{[218] [219]}
• 1923  - Valentina Cortese, Italian actress (d. 2019)^[220]
• 1923  - Milt Jackson, American jazz vibraphonist and composer (d. 1999)^[221]
• 1924  - Francisco Macías Nguema, Equatorial Guinean politician, 1st President of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (d. 1979)^[222]
• 1925  - Matthew Beard, American child actor (d. 1981)^[223]
• 1925  - Paul Bomani, Tanzanian politician and diplomat, 1st Tanzanian Minister of Finance (d. 2005)^[224]
• 1926  - Kazys Petkevičius, Lithuanian basketball player and coach (d. 2008)^[225]
• 1927  - Maurice Béjart, French-Swiss dancer, choreographer, and director (d. 2007)^[226]
• 1927  - James Reeb, American clergyman and political activist (d. 1965)^[227]
• 1927  - Vernon L. Smith, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate^[228]
• 1927  - Doak Walker, American football player and businessman (d. 1998)^[229]
• 1928  - Ernest Tidyman, American author and screenwriter (d. 1984)^[230]
• 1928  - Gerhard Weinberg, German-American historian, author, and academic^[231]
• 1929  - Larry L. King, American journalist, author, and playwright (d. 2012)^[232]
• 1929  - Haruo Nakajima, Japanese actor and stuntman, portrayed Godzilla from 1954 to 1972 (d. 2017)^[233]
• 1930  - Ty Hardin, American actor (d. 2017)
• 1930  - Frederick Wiseman, American director and producer^[234]
• 1932  - Giuseppe Patanè, Italian conductor (d. 1989)^[235]
• 1933  - James Hormel, American philanthropist and diplomat (d. 2021)^[236]
• 1933  - Joe Orton, English dramatist (d. 1967)^[237]
• 1934  - Alan Berg, American lawyer and radio host (d. 1984)^[238]
• 1934  - Lakhdar Brahimi, Algerian politician, Algerian Minister of Foreign Affairs^[239]
• 1935  - Om Prakash Chautala, Indian politician^[240]
• 1936  - James Sinegal, American businessman, co-founded Costco^[241]
• 1938  - Frank Langella, American actor^[242]
• 1939  - Michèle Mercier, French actress^[243]
• 1939  - Phil Read, English motorcycle racer and businessman (d. 2022)^[244]
• 1939  - Senfronia Thompson, American politician^[245]
• 1939  - Younoussi Touré, Malian politician, Prime Minister of Mali (d. 2022)^[246]
• 1942  - Dennis Archer, American lawyer and politician, 67th Mayor of Detroit^[247]
• 1942  - Anthony Hamilton-Smith, 3rd Baron Colwyn, English dentist and politician^[248]
• 1942  - Country Joe McDonald, American singer-songwriter and guitarist^[249]
• 1942  - Alassane Ouattara, Ivorian economist and politician, President of the Ivory Coast^[250]
• 1942  - Gennadi Sarafanov, Russian pilot and cosmonaut (d. 2005)^[251]
• 1943  - Tony Knowles, American soldier and politician, 7th Governor of Alaska^[252]
• 1943  - Don Novello, American comedian, screenwriter and producer^[253]
• 1943  - Vladimir Šeks, Croatian lawyer and politician, 16th Speaker of the Croatian Parliament^[254]
• 1944  - Barry Beath, Australian rugby league player^[255]
• 1944  - Jimmy Hart, American professional wrestling manager^[256]
• 1944  - Zafarullah Khan Jamali, Pakistani field hockey player and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Pakistan^[257] (d. 2020)
• 1944  - Teresa Torańska, Polish journalist and author (d. 2013)^[258]
• 1944  - Mati Unt, Estonian author, playwright, and director (d. 2005)^[259]
• 1945  - Victor Ashe, American politician and former United States Ambassador to Poland^[260]
• 1945  - Jacky Ickx, Belgian racing driver^[261]
• 1945  - Jimmy Jones, American basketball player^[262]
• 1946  - Rivellino, Brazilian footballer and manager^[263]
• 1946  - Claude Steele, American social psychologist and academic^[264]
• 1947  - Jon Corzine, American sergeant and politician, 54th Governor of New Jersey^[265]
• 1948  - Devlet Bahçeli, Turkish economist, academic, and politician, 57th Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey^[266]
• 1948  - Pavel Grachev, Russian general and politician, 1st Russian Minister of Defence (d. 2012)^[267]
• 1948  - Dick Quax, New Zealand runner and politician (d. 2018)^[268]
• 1949  - Borys Tarasyuk, Ukrainian politician and diplomat^[269]
• 1950  - Wayne Bennett, Australian rugby league player and coach^[270]
• 1950  - Tony Currie, English footballer^[271]
• 1952  - Shaji N. Karun, Indian director and cinematographer^[272]
• 1953  - Gary Johnson, American businessman and politician, 29th Governor of New Mexico^[273]
• 1954  - Richard Edson, American actor^[274]
• 1954  - Bob Menendez, American lawyer and politician^[275]
• 1954  - Dennis O'Driscoll, Irish poet and critic (d. 2012)^[276]
• 1954  - Yannis Papathanasiou, Greek engineer and politician, Greek Minister of Finance^[277]
• 1955  - Mary Beard, English classicist, academic and presenter^[278]
• 1955  - LaMarr Hoyt, American baseball player (d. 2021)^[279]
• 1956  - Sergei Avdeyev, Russian engineer and astronaut^[280]
• 1956  - Royce Ayliffe, Australian rugby league player^[281]
• 1956  - Christine Lagarde, French lawyer and politician; Managing Director, International Monetary Fund^[282]
• 1956  - Mike Mitchell, American basketball player (d. 2011)^[283]
• 1956  - Martin Plaza, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist^[284]
• 1957  - Evangelos Venizelos, Greek lawyer and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Greece^[285]
• 1958  - Grandmaster Flash, Barbadian rapper and DJ ^[286]
• 1958  - Dave Silk, American ice hockey player^[287]
• 1959  - Abdul Ahad Mohmand, Afghan colonel, pilot, and astronaut^[288]
• 1959  - Azali Assoumani, Comorian colonel and politician, President of the Comoros^[289]
• 1959  - Panagiotis Giannakis, Greek basketball player and coach^[290]
• 1959  - Adrian Hall, English director and former actor^[291]
• 1961  - Sam Backo, Australian rugby league player^[292]
• 1962  - Anton Muscatelli, Italian-Scottish economist and academic^[293]
• 1963  - Jean-Marc Gounon, French racing driver^[294]
• 1964  - Dedee Pfeiffer, American actress^[295]
• 1966  - Anna Burke, Australian businesswoman and politician, 28th Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives^[296]
• 1966  - Ivica Dačić, Serbian journalist and politician, 95th Prime Minister of Serbia^[297]
• 1966  - Tihomir Orešković, Croatian–Canadian businessman, 11th Prime Minister of Croatia^[298]
• 1967  - Tawera Nikau, New Zealand rugby league player^[299]
• 1968  - Davor Šuker, Croatian footballer
• 1969  - Morris Chestnut, American actor^[300]
• 1969  - Verne Troyer, American actor (d. 2018)^[301]
• 1970  - Sergei Kiriakov, Russian footballer and coach^[302]
• 1971  - Sammie Henson, American wrestler and coach^[303]
• 1971  - Bobby Holík, Czech-American ice hockey player and coach^[304]
• 1971  - Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia, Indian politician^[305]
• 1972  - Lilian Thuram, French footballer^[306]
• 1974  - Christian Paradis, Canadian lawyer and politician, 9th Canadian Minister of Industry^[307]
• 1975  - Chris Anstey, Australian basketball player and coach^[308]
• 1975  - Joe Cannon, American soccer player and sportscaster^[309]
• 1975  - Becky Kellar-Duke, Canadian ice hockey player^[310]
• 1975  - Fernando Tatís, Dominican baseball player^[311]
• 1976  - Tank, American singer, songwriter, producer, and actor^[312]
• 1979  - Vidya Balan, Indian actress ^[313]
• 1980  - Elin Nordegren, Swedish-American model^[314]
• 1981  - Jonas Armstrong, Irish-English actor^[315]
• 1981  - Zsolt Baumgartner, Hungarian racing driver^[316]
• 1981  - Mladen Petrić, Croatian footballer^[317]
• 1981  - Eden Riegel, American actress
• 1982  - Egidio Arévalo, Uruguayan footballer^[318]
• 1982  - David Nalbandian, Argentine tennis player^[319]
• 1983  - Calum Davenport, English footballer^[320]
• 1983  - Park Sung-hyun, South Korean archer^[321]
• 1984  - Paolo Guerrero, Peruvian footballer^[322]
• 1984  - Fernando San Emeterio, Spanish basketball player^[323]
• 1984  - Michael Witt, Australian rugby league player^[324]
• 1985  - Jeff Carter, Canadian ice hockey player^[325]
• 1985  - Steven Davis, Northern Irish footballer^[326]
• 1985  - Kenoh, Japanese professional wrestler^[327]
• 1985  - Tiago Splitter, Brazilian basketball player^[328]
• 1986  - Pablo Cuevas, Uruguayan tennis player^[329]
• 1986  - Glen Davis, American basketball player^[330]
• 1986  - Colin Morgan, Northern Irish actor^[331]
• 1987  - Gilbert Brulé, Canadian ice hockey player^[332]
• 1987  - Meryl Davis, American ice dancer^[333]
• 1987  - Patric Hörnqvist, Swedish ice hockey player^[334]
• 1988  - Marcel Gecov, Czech footballer^[317]
• 1988  - Dallas Keuchel, American baseball player^[335]
• 1989  - Jason Pierre-Paul, American football player^[336]
• 1990  - Julia Glushko, Israeli tennis player^[337]
• 1990  - Ali Maâloul, Tunisian football player^[338]
• 1991  - Glen Rice Jr., American basketball player^[339]
• 1991  - Darius Slay, American football player^[340]
• 1991  - Xavier Su'a-Filo, American football player^[341]
• 1992  - Nathaniel Peteru, New Zealand rugby league player^[342]
• 1992  - Shane Duffy, Irish footballer^[343]
• 1993  - Larry Nance Jr., American basketball player^[344]
• 1993  - Abdoulaye Doucouré, Malian footballer^[345]
• 1994  - Brendan Elliot, Australian rugby league player^[346]
• 1994  - LaMonte Wade Jr., American baseball player^[347]
• 1995  - Poppy, American singer and YouTube personality^[348]
• 1996  - Andreas Pereira, Brazilian footballer^[349]
• 1996  - Mahmoud Dahoud, German footballer^[350]
• 1996  - Mathias Jensen, Danish footballer^[351]
• 1997  - Keegan Hipgrave, Australian rugby league player^[352]
• 1997  - Gonzalo Montiel, Argentinian footballer^[353]
• 1998  - Cristina Bucșa, Moldovan-Spanish tennis player^[354]
• 1998  - Enock Mwepu, Zambian footballer^[355]
• 1998  - Frank Onyeka, Nigerian footballer^[356]
• 1999  - Azmy Qowimuramadhoni, Indonesian-Azerbaijani badminton player^[357]
• 2000  - Ice Spice, American rapper^[358]
• 2001  - Angourie Rice, Australian actress^[359]
• 2002  - Simon Adingra, Ivorian footballer^[360]
• 2003  - Daria Trubnikova, Russian rhythmic gymnast^[361]

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 138  - Lucius Aelius, adopted son and intended successor of Hadrian (b. 101)^[362]
• 404  - Telemachus, Christian monk and martyr^[363]
• 898  - Odo I, Frankish king (b. 860)^[364]
• 951  - Ramiro II, king of León and Galicia^[365]
• 1031  - William of Volpiano, Italian abbot (b. 962)^[366]
• 1189  - Henry of Marcy, Cistercian abbot (b.)^[367]
• 1204  - Haakon III, king of Norway (b. 1182)^[368]
• 1387  - Charles II, king of Navarre (b. 1332)^[369]
• 1496  - Charles d'Orléans, count of Angoulême (b. 1459)^[370]
• 1515  - Louis XII, king of France (b. 1462)^[371]
• 1559  - Christian III, king of Denmark (b. 1503)^[372]
• 1560  - Joachim du Bellay, French poet and critic (b. 1522)^[373]

1601–1900

• 1617  - Hendrik Goltzius, Dutch painter and illustrator (b. 1558)^[374]
• 1697  - Filippo Baldinucci, Florentine historian and author (b. 1625)^[375]
• 1716  - William Wycherley, English playwright and poet (b. 1641)^[376]
• 1748  - Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and academic (b. 1667)^[377]
• 1766 – James Francis Edward Stuart, Jacobite pretender (b. 1688)^[378]
• 1780  - Johann Ludwig Krebs, German organist and composer (b. 1713)^[379]
• 1782  - Johann Christian Bach, German composer (b. 1735)^[380]
• 1789  - Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley, English lawyer and politician, British Speaker of the House of Commons (b. 1716)^[381]
• 1793  - Francesco Guardi, Italian painter and educator (b. 1712)^[382]
• 1817  - Martin Heinrich Klaproth, German chemist and academic (b. 1743)^[383]
• 1846  - John Torrington, English sailor and explorer (b. 1825)^[384]
• 1853  - Gregory Blaxland, Australian farmer and explorer (b. 1778)^[385]
• 1862  - Mikhail Ostrogradsky, Ukrainian mathematician and physicist (b. 1801)^{[386] [387]}
• 1881  - Louis Auguste Blanqui, French activist (b. 1805)^[388]
• 1892  - Roswell B. Mason, American lawyer and politician, 25th Mayor of Chicago (b. 1805)^[389]
• 1894  - Heinrich Hertz, German physicist and academic (b. 1857)^[390]
• 1896  - Alfred Ely Beach, American publisher and lawyer, created the Beach Pneumatic Transit (b. 1826)^[391]

1901–present

• 1901 – Ignatius L. Donnelly, American politician, writer, and fringe scientist (b. 1831)^[392]
• 1906  - Hugh Nelson, Scottish-Australian farmer and politician, 11th Premier of Queensland (b. 1833)
• 1918  - William Wilfred Campbell, Canadian poet and author (b. 1858)^[393]
• 1921  - Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg, German lawyer and politician, 5th Chancellor of Germany (b. 1856)^[394]
• 1923 – Willie Keeler, American baseball player (b. 1872)^[395]
• 1928 – Loie Fuller, American dancer (b. 1862)^[396]
• 1929  - Mustafa Necati, Turkish civil servant and politician, Turkish Minister of Environment and Urban Planning (b. 1894)^[397]
• 1931  - Martinus Beijerinck, Dutch microbiologist and botanist (b. 1851)^[398]
• 1937  - Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati, Indian religious leader, founded the Gaudiya Math (b. 1874)^[399]
• 1940  - Panuganti Lakshminarasimha Rao, Indian author and educator (b. 1865)^[400]
• 1943  - Jenő Rejtő, Hungarian journalist (b. 1905)^[401]
• 1944  - Edwin Lutyens, English architect, designed the Castle Drogo and Thiepval Memorial (b. 1869)^[402]
• 1944  - Charles Turner, Australian cricketer (b. 1862)^[403]
• 1953  - Hank Williams, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1923)^[404]
• 1955 – Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar, Indian colloid chemist, academic, and scientific administrator (b. 1894)^[405]
• 1954  - Duff Cooper, English politician and diplomat, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (b. 1890)^[406]
• 1954  - Leonard Bacon, American poet and critic (b. 1887)^[407]
• 1955  - Arthur C. Parker, American archaeologist and historian (b. 1881)^[408]
• 1958 – Edward Weston, American photographer (b. 1886)^[409]
• 1960  - Margaret Sullavan, American actress (b. 1909)^[410]
• 1961 – Alastair Denniston, Scottish cryptologist (b. 1881)^[411]
• 1966  - Vincent Auriol, French journalist and politician, 16th President of the French Republic (b. 1884)^[412]
• 1969  - Barton MacLane, American actor, playwright and screenwriter (b. 1902)^[413]
• 1971  - Amphilochius of Pochayiv, Ukrainian saint (b. 1894)^[414]
• 1972  - Maurice Chevalier, French actor and singer (b. 1888)^[415]
• 1977 – Roland Hayes, American lyric tenor and composer (b. 1887)^[416]
• 1978  - Carle Hessay, German-Canadian painter (b. 1911)^[417]
• 1980  - Pietro Nenni, Italian journalist and politician, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1891)^[418]
• 1981  - Hephzibah Menuhin, American-Australian pianist (b. 1920)^[419]
• 1982  - Victor Buono, American actor (b. 1938)^[420]
• 1984  - Alexis Korner, French-English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1928)^[421]
• 1988 – Clementine Hunter, American folk artist (b. 1886 or 1887)^[422]
• 1992  - Grace Hopper, American computer scientist and admiral, co-developed COBOL (b. 1906)^[423]
• 1994  - Arthur Porritt, Baron Porritt, New Zealand physician and politician, 11th Governor-General of New Zealand (b. 1900)^[424]
• 1994  - Cesar Romero, American actor (b. 1907)^[425]
• 1994  - Edward Arthur Thompson, Irish historian and academic (b. 1914)^[426]
• 1995  - Eugene Wigner, Hungarian-American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)^[427]
• 1996  - Arleigh Burke, American admiral (b. 1901)^[428]
• 1996  - Arthur Rudolph, German-American engineer (b. 1906)^[429]
• 1997  - Townes Van Zandt, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1944)^[430]
• 1998  - Helen Wills, American tennis player and coach (b. 1905)^[431]
• 2001  - Ray Walston, American actor (b. 1914)^[432]
• 2002  - Julia Phillips, American film producer and author (b. 1944)^[433]
• 2003  - Joe Foss, American soldier, pilot, and politician, 20th Governor of South Dakota (b. 1915)^[434]
• 2005  - Shirley Chisholm, American educator and politician (b. 1924)^[435]
• 2006  - Harry Magdoff, American economist and journalist (b. 1913)^[436]
• 2007  - Roland Levinsky, South African-English biochemist and academic (b. 1943)^[437]
• 2007  - Tillie Olsen, American short story writer (b. 1912)^[438]
• 2007 – Darrent Williams, American football player (b. 1982)^[439]
• 2008  - Pratap Chandra Chunder, Indian educator and politician (b. 1919)^[440]
• 2009  - Claiborne Pell, American politician (b. 1918)^[441]
• 2009 – Helen Suzman, South African anti-apartheid activist and politician (b. 1917)^[442]
• 2010  - Lhasa de Sela, American-Mexican singer-songwriter (b. 1972)^[443]
• 2012 – Bob Anderson, English fencer (b. 1922)^[444]
• 2012  - Kiro Gligorov, Macedonian lawyer and politician, 1st President of the Republic of Macedonia (b. 1917)^[445]
• 2012  - Nay Win Maung, Burmese physician, businessman, and activist (b. 1962)^[446]
• 2012  - Tommy Mont, American football player and coach (b. 1922)^[447]
• 2013  - Christopher Martin-Jenkins, English journalist (b. 1945)^[448]
• 2013  - Patti Page, American singer and actress (b. 1927)^[449]
• 2014  - Higashifushimi Kunihide, Japanese monk and educator (b. 1910)^[450]
• 2014  - William Mgimwa, Tanzanian banker and politician, 13th Tanzanian Minister of Finance (b. 1950)^[451]
• 2014  - Juanita Moore, American actress (b. 1914)^[452]
• 2015 – Ulrich Beck, German sociologist (b. 1944)^[453]
• 2015  - Mario Cuomo, American lawyer and politician, 52nd Governor of New York (b. 1932)^[454]
• 2015  - Donna Douglas, American actress (b. 1932)^[455]
• 2015  - Omar Karami, Lebanese lawyer and politician, 58th Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1934)^[456]
• 2015  - Boris Morukov, Russian physician and astronaut (b. 1950)^[457]
• 2015  - William Lloyd Standish, United States District Judge (b. 1930)
• 2016  - Fazu Aliyeva, Russian poet and journalist (b. 1932)^[458]
• 2016  - Dale Bumpers, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 38th Governor of Arkansas (b. 1925)^[459]
• 2016  - Vilmos Zsigmond, Hungarian-American cinematographer and producer (b. 1930)^[460]
• 2017  - Tony Atkinson, British economist (b. 1944)^[461]
• 2017  - Yvon Dupuis, Canadian politician (b. 1926)^[462]
• 2018  - Robert Mann, American violinist (b. 1920)^[463]
• 2018 – Jon Paul Steuer, American actor (b. 1984)^[464]
• 2019  - Paul Neville, Australian politician (b. 1940)^[465]
• 2019  - Pegi Young, American singer, songwriter, environmentalist, educator and philanthropist (b. 1952) ^[466]
• 2019  - George, last known Achatinella apexfulva (b.)^{[467] [468]}
• 2020 – Lexi Alijai, American rapper (b. 1998)^[469]
• 2020  - Alexander Frater, British travel writer and journalist (b. 1937)^[470]
• 2020 – Don Larsen, American baseball player (b. 1929)^[471]
• 2020  - Barry McDonald, Australian rugby union player (b. 1940)^[472]
• 2020  - David Stern, American lawyer and businessman (b. 1942)^[473]
• 2021  - Carlos do Carmo, Portuguese fado singer (b. 1939)^[474]
• 2021 – Mark Eden, English actor (b. 1928)^[475]
• 2021  - Elmira Minita Gordon, Belizean educator and psychologist (b. 1930)^[476]
• 2021 – Floyd Little, American football player (b. 1942)
• 2022 – Gary Burgess, British broadcaster and journalist (b. 1975)^[477]
• 2022  - Dan Reeves, American football player and coach (b. 1944)^[478]
• 2023  - Fred White, American musician and songwriter (b. 1955)^[479]
• 2024 – Lynja, American celebrity chef and YouTuber (b. 1956)^[480]

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Adalard of Corbie
  • Basil the Great (Eastern Orthodox Church)
    • • • Feast of the Circumcision of Christ Feast of the Holy Name of Jesus (Anglican Communion, Lutheran Church)
    • Feast of Fools (Medieval Europe)
  • Fulgentius of Ruspe
  • Giuseppe Maria Tomasi
  • Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God, the Octave Day of Christmas, considered a holy day of obligation in some countries (Catholic Church); and its related observances:
    • • • World Day of Peace Telemachus
  • Zygmunt Gorazdowski
  • January 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Earliest day on which Handsel Monday can fall, while January 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of the year (Scotland)
• Second day of Hogmanay (Scotland) December 31-January 1, in some cases until January 2.
• The last day of Kwanzaa (African-Americans)
• The eighth of the Twelve Days of Christmas (Western Christianity)
• Constitution Day (Italy)
• Dissolution of Czechoslovakia-related observances:
  • Day of the Establishment of the Slovak Republic (Slovakia)
  • Restoration Day of the Independent Czech State (Czech Republic)
• Emancipation Day (United States)
• Euro Day (European Union)
• Flag Day (Lithuania) commemorates raising of the Lithuanian flag on Gediminas' Tower in 1919
• Founding Day (Taiwan) commemorates the establishment of the Provisional Government in Nanjing
  • Global Family Day Independence Day (Brunei, Cameroon, Haiti, Sudan)
• International Nepali Dhoti and Nepali Topi Day
• Jump-up Day (Montserrat)
• Kalpataru Day (Ramakrishna Movement)
• Kamakura Ebisu, January 1–3 (Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan)
• National Bloody Mary Day (United States)
• National Tree Planting Day (Tanzania)
• New Year's Day (Gregorian calendar)
  • Japanese New Year
  • Novy God Day (Russia)
  • Sjoogwachi (Okinawa Islands)
• Polar Bear Swim Day (Canada and United States)
• Public Domain Day (multiple countries)
• Triumph of the Revolution (Cuba)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
  • Historical Events on January 1

Notes and References

1. Book: Gordon, Arthur Ernest. Arthur E. Gordon. Illustrated Introduction to Latin Epigraphy. 1983. University of California Press. 978-0-520-03898-1. 229.
2. Book: Origines Kalendariae Italicae Nundinal Calendars of Ancient Italy, Nundinal of Calendar of Romulus, Calendar of Numa Pompilius, Calendar of the Decemvirs, Irregular Roman Calendar, and Julian Correctio Tables of the Roman Calendar, from V. C. 4 of Varro, B. C. 750, to V. C. 1108 A. D 355. 4 by Edward Greswell, B.D: Vol. 4. 1854. University Press. 103.
3. Book: Koortbojian, Michael. 2013. The Divinization of Caesar and Augustus. Cambridge University Press. 29. 978-0-521-19215-6.
4. Book: Birley, Anthony R. Anthony Birley. Marcus Aurelius: A Biography. 6 December 2012. Routledge. 978-1-134-69569-0. 15.
5. Book: The Catholic Worker. 1991. 6.
6. Book: Sivan, Hagith. Galla Placidia: The Last Roman Empress. 15 September 2011. OUP USA. 978-0-19-537912-9. 67.
7. Book: Hung, Hing Ming. Ten States, Five Dynasties, One Great Emperor: How Emperor Taizu Unified China in the Song Dynasty. New York. Algora Publishing. 2014. 9781628940725. 26–27.
8. Book: Zsoldos, Attila. Saint Stephen and his country: a newborn kingdom in Central Europe: Hungary. 2001. Lucidus. 9789638616395.
9. Book: Beihammer, Alexander Daniel. Byzantium and the Emergence of Muslim-Turkish Anatolia, Ca. 1040-1130. 17 February 2017. Taylor & Francis. 978-1-351-98386-0. 134–.
10. Book: The Cambridge Medieval History Series volumes 1-5. Plantagenet Publishing. 1682–. GGKEY:G636GD76LW7.
11. Book: Henry Melvill Gwatkin. James Pounder Whitney. Joseph Robson Tanner. The Cambridge Medieval History. 1936. Macmillan. 134.
12. Book: Higgs, David. Queer Sites: Gay Urban Histories Since 1600. 4 January 2002. Routledge. 978-1-134-72467-3. 138–.
13. Book: Bacon, James. The Life and Times of Francis the First, King of France. 1830. E. Bull. 116–.
14. Book: Encyclopædia Britannica. 1973. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., William Benton Publisher. 978-0-85229-173-3.
15. Book: Lindsay, Robert. Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie. The Historie and Cronicles of Scotland: From the Slauchter of King James the First to the Ane Thousande Fyve Hundreith Thrie Scoir Fyftein Zeir. 1899. Society.
16. Martin Butler, The Stuart Court Masque and Political Culture (Cambridge, 2008), p. 63.
17. Book: Charles Knight's school history of England, abridged from the Popular history of England. [With] Questions. 1865. 360–. Knight. Charles.
18. Book: The Lancet. 1900. J. Onwhyn. 351.
19. Book: De Puy, William Harrison. The world-wide encyclopedia and gazetteer. 1908. The Christian herald.
20. Book: LastName, FirstName . The world factbook 2014-15 . Central Intelligence Agency . Washington, D.C. . 2015 . 9780160925535 . 105.
21. Book: Simpson-Housley, Paul. Antarctica: Exploration, Perception and Metaphor. 11 March 2002. Routledge. 978-1-134-89121-4. 69–.
22. Book: Robertson, Patrick. The book of firsts. 1974. C. N. Potter : distributed by Crown Publishers. 9780517515778.
23. Book: Aitken, Jonathan. Jonathan Aitken. John Newton: From Disgrace to Amazing Grace. 2007. Continuum. 978-0-8264-9383-5.
24. Book: Lossing, Benson John. Benson John Lossing. A Pictorial History of the United States: For School and Families. 1857. Mason Bros.. 182.
25. Web site: Flag Day 2020: Celebrating the American Flag. Old Farmer's. Almanac. Old Farmer's Almanac. Old Farmer's Almanac. 16 November 2023. 30 December 2019. 10 June 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230610184657/https://www.almanac.com/content/flag-day-celebration-american-flag. live.
26. Book: Watt, Gavin K.. The Burning of the Valleys: Daring Raids from Canada Against the New York Frontier in the Fall of 1780. 1 March 1997. Dundurn. 978-1-55488-312-7. 269.
27. Book: Macmillan's Magazine. 1879. Macmillan and Company.
28. Book: Annual Register. 1802. 41.
29. Book: Schmadel, Lutz. Lutz D. Schmadel. Dictionary of minor planet names. 5th. 2003. Springer. Germany. 978-3-540-00238-3. 15.
30. Book: Finkelman, Paul. Paul Finkelman. Encyclopedia of African American History, 1619-1895: From the Colonial Period to the Age of Frederick Douglass Three-volume Set. 6 April 2006. Oxford University Press, USA. 978-0-19-516777-1. 1–.
31. Book: Brissaud, Jean. A History of French Public Law. 2001. Beard Books. 978-1-58798-101-2. 551.
32. Book: George Hooker. Colton. James Davenport. Whelpley. James Davenport Whelpley. The American Review: A Whig Journal of Politics, Literature, Art, and Science. 1849. Wiley and Putnam. 565.
33. News: Governor Macquarie. The Sydney Morning Herald. 1 March 1913. 7. National Library of Australia. 17 January 2022. 17 January 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220117091832/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/15401674. live.
34. Book: Albert P.. Blaustein. Albert Blaustein. Gisbert H.. Flanz. Constitutions of the Countries of the World. 1976. Oceana Publications. 9780379004670.
35. Web site: A Novel Institution: The Zollverein and the Origins of the Customs Union. Ploeckl. Florian. 2019. 2020-10-04. 2020-03-07. https://web.archive.org/web/20200307123334/https://iit.adelaide.edu.au/system/files/media/documents/2019-11/Discussion%20Paper%202019-05%20Florian%20Ploeckl%20131119.pdf. live.
36. Web site: Anri. Ichimura. For Over 300 Years, the Philippines Was One Day Behind Every Country in Asia. EsquireMag.ph. February 17, 2021. March 1, 2023. EN. March 1, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230301123820/https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-reads/features/philippines-international-date-line-time-a00304-20210217-lfrm. live.
37. Book: Brignano, Mary. Beyond the Bounds: A History of UPMC. September 2009. Dorrance Publishing. 978-1-4349-0283-2. 159–.
38. Book: The Stamp-collector's magazine. 1863. 1–.
39. Book: Kirkwood, Burton. Kirkwood. History of Mexico.. registration. 2000. Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated. Westport, CT. 978-1-4039-6258-4 . 103.
40. Book: Masur, Louis P.. Louis Masur. Lincoln's Hundred Days. 22 September 2012. Harvard University Press. 978-0-674-07133-9.
41. Web site: Proclamation of Queen Victoria as Empress of India at the Imperial Assemblage, Delhi. The National Archives. 25 October 2018. 4 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230404173102/https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/4923428e-ba8a-4f32-abb7-2f1192c28592. live.
42. Book: Bartky, Ian R.. One Time Fits All: The Campaigns for Global Uniformity. 2007. Stanford University Press. 978-0-8047-5642-6. 272.
43. Book: Tecle-Misghina, Belula. Asmara - an urban history: Rivista L'architettura delle città - UNESCO Chair Series n. 1. 11 February 2015. Edizioni Nuova Cultura. 978-88-6812-354-3. 30–.
44. Book: Loughrey, Eithne. Annie Moore: First in Line for America. 1999. Mercier Press Ltd. 978-1-85635-245-1.
45. Book: Steinberg, S.. The Statesman's Year-Book 1965-66: The One-Volume ENCYCLOPAEDIA of all nations. 26 December 2016. Springer. 978-0-230-27094-7. 912–.
46. Book: Legrand, Jacques. Chronicle of the 20th Century. Ecam Publication. 1987. 10. 0-942191-01-3.
47. Book: Oluniyi, Olufemi Olayinka. Reconciliation in Northern Nigeria: The Space for Public Apology. 9 August 2017. Frontier Press. 978-978-949-527-6. 69.
48. Book: Meekins, Jeannie. Sir Edmund Barton: The First Prime Minister of Australia: Educational Version. Learning Island. 15–. GGKEY:PBLCUNU87RW.
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50. Book: Chalmers, William Scott. William Scott Chalmers. The Life and Letters of David, Earl Beatty, Admiral of the Fleet, Viscount Borodale of Wexford, Baron Beatty of the North Sea and of Brooksby, P.C., G.C.B., O.M., G.C.V.O., D.S.O., D.C.L., LL. D.. 1951. Hodder and Stoughton.
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209. Book: Slide, Anthony. Some Joe You Don't Know: An American Biographical Guide to 100 British Television Personalities. 10 March 1996. Greenwood Publishing Group. 9780313295508. Google Books.
210. Web site: Horace McKinney . . 30 December 2023 . 30 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231230073556/https://www.nba.com/stats/player/77546/career . live .
211. Book: John C. Unrue. J.D. Salinger. 2002. Gale Group. 978-0-7876-5739-0.
212. Book: Giannalberto Bendazzi. Animation: A World History: Volume II: The Birth of a Style - The Three Markets. 23 October 2015. CRC Press. 978-1-317-51991-1. 220.
213. Book: Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi. Islam and Other Faiths. 1998. IIIT. 978-0-86037-276-9. 11.
214. Book: Alex Kayser. Andy Warhol. Artists' portraits. August 1981. H.N. Abrams. 9780810922228.
215. Book: Who's who in Italy. 1997. Who's Who in Italy. 9788885246379.
216. Web site: Johnny Logan . . 30 December 2023 . 30 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231230073555/https://www.nba.com/stats/player/77403/boxscores?Season=1949-50&SeasonType=Regular%20Season&PerMode=PerGame . live .
217. Book: David T. Ballantyne. New Politics in the Old South: Ernest F. Hollings in the Civil Rights Era. 15 November 2016. University of South Carolina Press. 978-1-61117-704-6. 1806.
218. Just Some New Year's Broadway Babies . 2010-01-01 . . Blank . Matthew . 2024-01-05 . 0551-0678 . …Barbara Baxley…Shannon Bolin…Ty Hardin…Clare Holman…Larry L. King…Frank Langella…Kate Levering…Colin Morgan…Don Novello…Michael O'Haughey…Joe Orton…Louise Pitre…Eden Riegel… . 2024-01-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240106031048/https://playbill.com/article/just-some-new-years-broadway-babies-com-191765 . live .
219. Web site: archives.nypl.org -- Barbara Baxley papers. archives.nypl.org. 2024-01-06. 2024-01-06. https://web.archive.org/web/20240106031049/https://archives.nypl.org/the/18640. live.
220. Book: G. Colombo. Who's Who in Italy S. R. L.. Who's Who in Italy. Who's Who in Italy. 2006. Who's Who In Italy. 9788885246447.
221. Book: John Fordham. Jazz on CD: the essential guide. April 1996. Kyle Cathie. 978-1-85626-204-0.
222. Book: Neil A. Hamilton. Founders of Modern Nations: A Biographical Dictionary. 1995. ABC-CLIO. 978-0-87436-750-8.
223. Book: Leonard Maltin. The Little Rascals: The Life and Times of Our Gang. 1992. Crown. 978-0-517-58325-8.
224. Book: Raph Uwechue. Africa Who's who. 1991. Africa Journal Limited. 978-0-903274-17-3.
225. Book: Who is who in Lithuania. 1997. Kas yra kas Lietuvoje, UAB Neolitas. 9789986709046.
226. Book: Academic American Encyclopedia. 1980. Aretê Publishing Company. 978-0-933880-00-9.
227. Book: Christopher M. Richardson. Ralph E. Luker. Historical Dictionary of the Civil Rights Movement. 11 June 2014. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. 978-0-8108-8037-5. 376.
228. Book: William Breit. Barry T. Hirsch. Lives of the Laureates: Twenty-three Nobel Economists. 2009. MIT Press. 978-0-262-01276-8. 355.
229. Book: Famous American Athletes of Today. 1949. L.C. Page.
230. Book: Thomas Riggs. Contemporary Theatre, Film and Television. 2000. Gale / Cengage Learning. 978-0-7876-4636-3.
231. Web site: Gerhard Weinberg - Fall 2009. Central Michigan University. 22 November 2018.
232. Book: Larry L. King. Warning, Writer at Work: The Best Collectibles of Larry L. King. 1985. TCU Press. 978-0-87565-016-6. 289.
233. Book: Ryfle, Steve. Japan's Favorite Mon-Star: The Unauthorized Biography of "The Big G". Toronto. ECW Press. 1998. 9781550223484. 178. 2024-01-02. 2023-09-22. https://web.archive.org/web/20230922211037/https://books.google.com/books?id=cqSOkywWeX4C. live.
234. Book: International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers: Directors. 1997. St. James Press. 978-1-55862-301-9.
235. Book: Deborah Andrews. Roland Turner. The Annual Obituary. 1989. St. James Pr.. 9781558620568.
236. Book: Current Biography Yearbook. 1999. H.W. Wilson.
237. Book: Susan Rusinko. Joe Orton. 1995. Twayne Publishers. 978-0-8057-7034-6.
238. Book: Stephen Singular. Talked to Death: The Murder of Alan Berg and the Rise of the Neo-Nazis. 1989. Berkley Books. 978-0-425-11329-5.
239. Book: Tempo: Indonesia's Weekly News Magazine. 2002. Arsa Raya Perdana.
240. Book: Who's Who in Asian and Australasian Politics. 1991. Bowker-Saur. 978-0-86291-593-3.
241. Book: BusinessWeek. 2002. McGraw-Hill.
242. Web site: Frank Langella. Biography, news, photos and videos. hellomagazine.com. 8 October 2009. 26 August 2020. 24 November 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201124121833/https://www1.hellomagazine.com/profiles/frank-langella/. live.
243. https://web.archive.org/web/20170929045634/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f90394d Michèle Mercier
244. Book: Cycle World Magazine. January 2008. 11.
245. Book: Texas State Directory. 1977. Texas Publishing Company.
246. http://www.essor.gov.ml/jour/cgi-bin/view_article.pl?id=16746 "Assemblée nationale: aux commandes ..."
247. Book: Ellen Campbell. Jill K. Moore. The Michigan Supreme Court Historical Reference Guide. 1998. Michigan Supreme Court Historical Society.
248. Book: Who's Who in European Politics. December 1990. Bowker-Saur. 978-0-86291-911-5.
249. Book: Brock Helander. The Rockin' 60s: The People Who Made the Music. 1 January 2001. Schirmer Trade Books. 978-0-85712-811-9. 172–.
250. Book: West Africa. 2001. Afrimedia International.
251. Book: Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service. United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space and Technology. Astronauts and cosmonauts biographical and statistical data: report. 1994. U.S. G.P.O.. 9780160439483.
252. Book: Kim A. Summers. Sally M. Walker. The Teacher's Calendar, School Year 2000-2001: The Day-by-day Directory to Holidays, Historic Events, Birthdays and Special Days, Weeks and Months. 2000. Contemporary Books. 978-0-8092-2521-7. 2018-11-13. 2023-12-07. https://web.archive.org/web/20231207122242/https://books.google.com/books?id=ESUSAQAAMAAJ. live.
253. Book: Kathleen J. Edgar. Joshua Kondek. Contemporary Theatre, Film and Television. October 1998. Gale. 978-0-7876-2058-5.
254. Web site: Members of the 7th Parliament. Croatian Parliament. 15 November 2018. 16 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181116000903/http://www.sabor.hr/Default.aspx?sec=4945. live.
255. Web site: Barry Beath - Career Stats & Summary. Rugby League Project. 2021-01-01. 2020-10-24. https://web.archive.org/web/20201024091609/https://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/barry-beath/summary.html. live.
256. Web site: Mac . Eddie . This Day in Wrestling History (Jan. 1): RAW is K-Fed . . 30 December 2023 . 1 January 2017 . 30 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231230073553/https://www.cagesideseats.com/2017/1/1/14134542/today-pro-wrestling-history-jan-1-wwe-raw-is-k-fed . live .
257. Book: Impact International. 2001. News & Media.
258. Web site: Teresa Torańska. culture.pl. Janusz R. Kowalczy. 15 November 2018. 15 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181115195317/https://culture.pl/en/artist/teresa-toranska. live.
259. Book: The Play: Short Stories. 1984. Perioodika.
260. Book: Tennessee Blue Book. 1983. Secretary of State.
261. Book: Brian Laban. Winners: a who's who of motor racing champions. 1981. Orbis. 978-0-85613-042-7.
262. Web site: Jimmy Jones . . 30 December 2023 . 30 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231230073554/https://www.nba.com/stats/player/77186/career . live .
263. News: Roberto Rivellino – Goals in International Matches. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. 13 June 2020. 15 August 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220815035537/https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/rivellino-intlg.html. live.
264. Book: Shirelle Phelps. Contemporary Black Biography: Profiles from the International Black Community. 10 December 1996. Gale. 9780787601010.
265. Book: Official Congressional Directory, 2005-2006, 109th Congress, Convened January 4, 2005. 2005. Government Printing Office. 168–. 9780160724671. GGKEY:J7SFJ9GERDN.
266. Web site: Devlet Bahçeli Biography . . 25 August 2021 . Turkish . 14 February 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150214215423/http://www.tbmm.gov.tr/develop/owa/milletvekillerimiz_sd.bilgi?p_donem=24&p_sicil=5801 . live .
267. Book: JPRS Report: Central Eurasia. Military affairs. 1992. Foreign Broadcast Information Service.
268. Book: Seppo Luhtala. Top Distance Runners of the Century: Motivation, Pain, Success: World-Class Athletes Tell. 2002. Meyer & Meyer Verlag. 978-1-84126-069-3. 217.
269. Web site: MR. BORYS TARASYUK - Minister for Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. ft.dk. 12 December 2018. 16 December 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181216030854/https://www.ft.dk/samling/20061/almdel/UPN/bilag/12/313221.pdf. live.
270. Book: David Becker. Scott Hill. The Coaches. 2010. Sports Wisdom. 978-0-9807672-0-9. 38.
271. Web site: Martin Chivers on Tony Currie. Tottenham Hotspur. 20 October 2020. 21 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201021082452/https://www.tottenhamhotspur.com/news/2020/june/legends-on-legends-sheffield-united/. live.
272. Book: S. N. Sadasivan. A Social History of India. 2000. APH Publishing. 978-81-7648-170-0. 690.
273. Book: Jaci Jarrett Masztal. Diane M. Salamon. Journey to the Top: Life Stories and Insights from Fifty Governors. 2002. Hats Office. 978-1-58736-146-3.
274. Web site: 2014-01-01 . Happy Birthday To New Rochelle's Richard Edson . 2023-11-07 . New Rochelle Daily Voice . en . 2023-10-14 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231014165319/https://dailyvoice.com/new-york/newrochelle/neighbors/happy-birthday-to-new-rochelles-richard-edson/429015/ . live .
275. Book: Congress (U S) Joint Committee on Printing. Official Congressional Directory 114th Congress, 2015-2016, Convened January 2015. 30 March 2016. Government Printing Office. 978-0-16-092997-7. 169–.
276. Web site: Dennis O'Driscoll. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/9801096/Dennis-ODriscoll.html . 2022-01-10 . subscription . live. 14 January 2013. The Telegraph. 12 December 2018.
277. Web site: Curriculum Vitae. at Hellenic Parliament website. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20050208213543/http://www.parliament.gr/english/synthesh/mp.asp?MPID=501. February 8, 2005. July 2, 2021.
278. Web site: Up Pompeii with the roguish don. 24 August 2008. Robert McCrum. The Guardian. 10 January 2019. 16 September 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150916202912/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/aug/24/classics. live.
279. Book: Official Baseball Register. 1986. The Sporting News.. 9780892042081.
280. Book: Rex Hall. David Shayler. Soyuz: A Universal Spacecraft. 7 May 2003. Springer Science & Business Media. 978-1-85233-657-8. 427.
281. Web site: Royce Ayliffe - Career Stats & Summary. Rugby League Project. 2021-01-01. 2021-01-17. https://web.archive.org/web/20210117221540/https://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/royce-ayliffe/summary.html. live.
282. Book: Nick Heath-Brown. The Statesman's Yearbook 2016: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World. 7 February 2017. Springer. 978-1-349-57823-8. 19–.
283. Web site: Mike Mitchell . . 30 December 2023 . 30 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231230073553/https://www.nba.com/stats/player/77615/boxscores-advanced . live .
284. Web site: Martin Plaza. Discogs. 2020-08-26. 2020-12-15. https://web.archive.org/web/20201215102512/https://www.discogs.com/artist/245050-Martin-Plaza. live.
285. Web site: Evangelos Venizelos. Hellenic Parliament. 3 November 2018. 4 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181104010124/https://www.hellenicparliament.gr/en/Vouleftes/Viografika-Stoicheia/?MPId=60c2d57c-9936-469b-91fd-66ed27eaad3f. live.
286. Book: Steve Hochman. Popular Musicians: The Doobie Brothers-Paul McCartney. 1999. Salem Press. 978-0-89356-988-4.
287. Web site: Dave Silk . . 30 December 2023 . 30 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231230073554/https://www.nhl.com/player/dave-silk-8451361 . live .
288. Book: Joint Publications Research Service Report. Science and Technology. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Space. 1989. Foreign Broadcast Information Service.
289. Book: Les de Villiers. Africa 2003. 1 October 2002. Business Books International. 978-0-916673-11-6.
290. Web site: Panagiotis Giannakis. Olympic.org. 12 December 2018. 4 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200804054532/https://www.olympic.org/panagiotis-giannakis. live.
291. Book: . The Spotlight. Index to Actresses—Part 2. Index to Children. Adrian Hall. London. The Spotlight. Autumn 1971. 269257955. 2985.
292. Web site: Sam Backo - Career Stats & Summary. Rugby League Project. 2021-01-01. 2020-11-04. https://web.archive.org/web/20201104235302/https://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/sam-backo/summary.html. live.
293. Web site: MUSCATELLI, Prof. (Vito) Antonio. Who's Who. Oxford University Press. December 2008. 15 November 2018.
294. Web site: Jean-Marc Gounon. MotorSport database. 15 November 2018. 16 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181116001054/https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/database/drivers/jean-marc-gounon. live.
295. Web site: Dedee Pfeiffer Biography (1964-). Film Reference. 3 December 2018. 4 July 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180704063531/http://www.filmreference.com/film/21/Dedee-Pfeiffer.html. live.
296. Ms Anna Burke MP . 83S . 2021-11-04.
297. Book: United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Serbia's Leadership of the OSCE: Hearing Before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, First Session, February 25, 2015. 2015. U.S. Government Publishing Office.
298. Book: Palgrave Macmillan. The Statesman's Yearbook 2017: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World. 28 February 2017. Palgrave Macmillan UK. 978-1-349-68398-7. 375–.
299. News: NRL: Tawera Nikau torn between facts and fairytales. 1 October 2016. NZ Herald. 20 October 2020. 21 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201021120204/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/nrl-tawera-nikau-torn-between-facts-and-fairytales/ROOOLRTXUNGWSESLJGR5QOAR5E/. live.
300. Web site: Morris Chestnut Gets Star on Hollywood Walk of Fame . . 28 December 2022 . 23 March 2022 . 28 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221228180400/https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/walk-of-fame-star-for-morris-chestnut-to-be-unveiled/2854606/ . live .
301. Web site: Verne Troyer Obituary (1969 - 2018) - MLive.com. obits.mlive.com. 25 April 2018. 1 January 2021. 27 January 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210127201844/https://obits.mlive.com/amp/obituaries/southeast-michigan/188808338. live.
302. Web site: Sergei Kiriakov :: Sergei Vyacheslavovich Kiriakov ::. www.playmakerstats.com. 2020-08-26. 2020-09-01. https://web.archive.org/web/20200901094714/http://www.playmakerstats.com/player.php?id=54771. live.
303. Web site: SYDNEY 2000: FREESTYLE WRESTLING; Silver Medalists Do Much Agonizing in Defeat. 1 October 2000. Richard Sandomir. New York Times. 20 December 2018. 20 December 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181220231037/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/01/sports/sydney-2000-freestyle-wrestling-silver-medalists-do-much-agonizing-in-defeat.html. live.
304. Web site: Bobby Holik. Hockey Reference. 3 December 2018. 22 October 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181022181521/https://www.hockey-reference.com/players/h/holikbo01.html. live.
305. News: The evolution of Honorable Shri. Jyotiraditya Scindia. The Times of India. 2002-06-02. 4 November 2018. 2022-07-19. https://web.archive.org/web/20220719171525/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/delhi-times/the-evolution-of-jyotiraditya-scindia/articleshow/11710390.cms. live.
306. Book: Laurent Dubois. Soccer Empire: The World Cup and the Future of France. 9 February 2011. Univ of California Press. 978-0-520-26978-1. 78–.
307. Book: John Zeyad Bejermi. Canadian Parliamentary Handbook. 2008. Borealis Press. 978-0-88887-350-7.
308. Book: Sporting News. Official NBA Register: Every Player, Every Stat!, 1999-2000 Edition. August 1999. Sporting News Publishing Company. 978-0-89204-620-1.
309. Web site: Joe Cannon Player Profile – ESPN FC . . March 25, 2016 . April 11, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190411215156/http://www.espnfc.us/player/37022/joe-cannon . live .
310. Web site: Becky Kellar (Duke). Team Canada - Official Olympic Team Website. 18 September 2011. 20 December 2018. 30 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181130071846/https://olympic.ca/team-canada/becky-kellar-duke/. live.
311. Book: Steve Gietschier. Chase's sports calendar of events. 1 November 1999. Contemporary Books. 978-0-8092-2600-9.
312. Web site: Rose . Mike . Today's famous birthdays list for January 1, 2023 includes celebrities Grandmaster Flash, Frank Langella . . . 30 December 2023 . 1 January 2023 . 30 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231230073553/https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2023/01/todays-famous-birthdays-list-for-january-1-2023-includes-celebrities-grandmaster-flash-frank-langella.html . live .
313. Web site: Vidya Balan Birthday Special: Here's How The 40 Year Old Diva Breaks The Fashion Code Of Bollywood-View Pics!. January 1, 2019. LatestLY. January 1, 2019. January 1, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190101100927/https://www.latestly.com/lifestyle/vidya-balan-birthday-special-heres-how-the-40-year-old-diva-breaks-the-fashion-code-of-bollywood-view-pics-567078.html. live.
314. Web site: Famous birthdays for Jan. 1: Morris Chestnut, Christine Lagarde . . 30 December 2023 . 1 January 2023 . 2 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230102000509/https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2023/01/01/Famous-birthdays-for-Jan-1-Morris-Chestnut-Christine-Lagarde/7351672506800/ . live .
315. News: Celebrity-Birthdays-Jan01. Times Colonist. January 1, 2024. January 1, 2024. January 1, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240101222015/https://www.timescolonist.com/today-in-history-and-celebrity-birthdays/celebrity-birthdays-jan01-8044211. dead.
316. Web site: Zsolt Baumgartner. ESPN. 12 November 2018. 17 June 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180617165856/http://en.espn.co.uk/f1/motorsport/driver/1221.html. live.
317. Web site: Fulham FC » Players from A-Z. worldfootball.net. 30 December 2019. 7 October 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231007055306/https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/fulham-fc/10/. live.
318. Web site: AREVALO EGIDIO RAUL RIOS . US Città di Palermo . it . 15 November 2018 . 7 March 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140307215217/http://palermocalcio.it/it/1213/squadra/scheda.php?id=9432 . dead .
319. Web site: David Nalbandian. ITF Tennis - Pro Circuit. 28 November 2018. 23 January 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210123141913/https://www.itftennis.com/procircuit/players/player/profile.aspx?playerid=30015743. dead.
320. Web site: Tottenham Hotspur » Players from A-Z. worldfootball.net. 30 December 2019. 7 October 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231007055306/https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/tottenham-hotspur/10/. live.
321. Web site: BEST OLYMPIC ARCHERS OF ALL-TIME: #3 PARK SUNG-HYUN. World Archery. 23 June 2016. 8 November 2018. 29 February 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200229190154/https://worldarchery.org/news/141973/best-olympic-archers-all-time-3-park-sung-hyun. live.
322. Web site: 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia – List of Players . FIFA.com . Fédération Internationale de Football Association . 4 June 2018 . 15 December 2019 . 19 June 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180619164139/https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWC/2018/pdf/FWC_2018_SQUADLISTS.PDF . dead .
323. Web site: Fernando SAN EMETERIO at the FIBA EuroBasket 2017 . 2023-11-07 . FIBA.basketball . en . 2023-11-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231107202931/https://www.fiba.basketball/eurobasket/2017/player/Fernando-San-Emeterio . live .
324. Web site: Michael Witt - Career Stats & Summary. Rugby League Project. 2021-01-01. 2021-05-01. https://web.archive.org/web/20210501215900/https://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/michael-witt/summary.html. live.
325. Web site: Jeff Carter . . 30 December 2023 . 30 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231230073553/https://www.nhl.com/penguins/player/jeff-carter-8470604 . live .
326. Web site: Steven Davis. Irish Football Association. 23 November 2018. 23 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181123200902/https://www.irishfa.com/ifa-international/squads/senior-men/steven-davis. live.
327. Web site: Kenoh . ja:拳王 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231128042754/https://www.noah.co.jp/profile/10/ . November 28, 2023 . January 1, 2024 . . ja.
328. Web site: Tiago Splitter . ACB.com . 2012-02-26 . https://archive.today/20180203203112/http://www.acb.com/jugador.php?id=B5P . 2018-02-03 . dead .
329. Web site: Pablo Cuevas. Wimbledon Championships. 8 November 2018. 22 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181122071337/http://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/players/overview/atpc882.html. live.
330. Web site: Glen Davis Stats. 2021-01-29. Basketball-Reference.com. 2021-01-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20210121010245/https://www.basketball-reference.com/players/d/davisgl01.html. live.
331. Web site: UPI Almanac for Tuesday, Jan. 1, 2019. United Press International. 1 January 2019. 2 September 2019. 2 September 2019 . https://archive.today/20190902213942/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2019/01/01/UPI-Almanac-for-Tuesday-Jan-1-2019/8591546197138/. live. actor Colin Morgan in 1986.
332. Web site: Gilbert Brule . . 30 December 2023 . 30 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231230073553/https://www.nhl.com/player/gilbert-brule-8471680 . live .
333. Web site: Meryl Davis. Olympic.org. 12 December 2018. 1 September 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200901084225/https://www.olympic.org/meryl-davis. live.
334. Web site: Patric Hornqvist Stats and News. NHL.com. 2020-06-13. 2020-06-13. https://web.archive.org/web/20200613083129/https://www.nhl.com/player/patric-hornqvist-8471887. live.
335. Web site: Dallas Keuchel . . 28 December 2022 . 28 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221228180400/https://www.mlb.com/player/dallas-keuchel-572971 . live .
336. Web site: Jason Pierre-Paul. NFL. 12 November 2018. 12 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181112223603/http://www.nfl.com/player/jasonpierre-paul/496843/profile. live.
337. https://www.wtatennis.com/players/312889/julia-glushko "Julia Glushko,"
338. Web site: 2018 FIFA World Cup: List of players. FIFA. 31. 14 July 2018. 14 July 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180619164139/https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWC/2018/pdf/FWC_2018_SQUADLISTS.PDF. 19 June 2018. dead.
339. Web site: Glen Rice . . 30 December 2023 . 30 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231230073554/https://www.nba.com/stats/player/203318/career . live .
340. Web site: Darius Slay. NFL.com. 26 March 2020. 21 October 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171021060350/http://www.nfl.com/player/dariusslay/2540288/profile. live.
341. Web site: Xavier Su'a-Filo Stats. Pro-Football-Reference.com. 2020-12-01. 2020-12-06. https://web.archive.org/web/20201206095153/https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/S/Sua-Xa00.htm. live.
342. Web site: Nathaniel Peteru. Leeds Rhinos. 16 January 2019. 20 October 2020. 17 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201017195349/https://www.therhinos.co.uk/player/nathaniel-peteru/. live.
343. Web site: Shane Duffy Norwich City Football Club . Norwich City . 1 January 2024 . 6 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231206142737/https://www.canaries.co.uk/player/shane-duffy . live .
344. Web site: Larry Nance Jr. . . 30 December 2023 . 30 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231230073553/https://www.nba.com/player/1626204/larry-nance-jr . live .
345. Web site: Abdoulaye Doucouré. Premier League. 1 January 2024. 29 September 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200929013756/https://www.premierleague.com/players/13823/Abdoulaye-Doucour%C3%A9/overview. live.
346. Web site: Brendan Elliot - Career Stats & Summary. Rugby League Project. 2021-01-01. 2018-06-04. https://web.archive.org/web/20180604161351/http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/brendan-elliot/summary.html. live.
347. Web site: LaMonte Wade Jr. . . 1 January 2024 . 31 December 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231231185238/https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/w/wadela01.shtml . live .
348. Web site: Alexandra. Simon. What You Didn't Know About Poppy's Music Career. Grunge. February 8, 2022. March 5, 2022. March 6, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220306053143/https://www.grunge.com/427366/what-you-didnt-know-about-poppys-music-career/. live.
349. Web site: Andreas Pereira. 1 January 2024. Premier League. 18 January 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240118080829/https://www.premierleague.com/players/10476/Andreas-Pereira/overview. live.
350. Web site: Mahmoud Dahoud. 1 January 2024. Premier League. 19 November 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231119181404/https://www.premierleague.com/players/12128/Mahmoud-Dahoud/overview. live.
351. Web site: Mathias Jensen. 1 January 2024. Premier League. 1 January 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240101221731/https://www.premierleague.com/players/49726/Mathias-Jensen/overview. live.
352. Web site: Official NRL profile. Gold Coast Titans. 20 October 2020. 21 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201021143735/https://www.titans.com.au/teams/telstra-premiership/gold-coast-titans/keegan-hipgrave/. dead.
353. Web site: Gonzalo Montiel . 1 January 2024 . . 1 January 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240101214827/https://www.premierleague.com/players/40153/Gonzalo-Montiel/overview . live .
354. Web site: Cristina Bucsa Player Stats & More – WTA Official . 2022-10-17 . Women's Tennis Association . en . 2022-10-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221017174250/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/321158/cristina-bucsa . live .
355. Web site: Enock Wepu. 1 January 2024. Premier League. 2 October 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231002085551/https://www.premierleague.com/players/25467/Enock-Mwepu/overview. live.
356. Web site: Frank Onyeka. 1 January 2024. Premier League. 1 January 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240101221731/https://www.premierleague.com/players/108612/Frank-Onyeka/overview. live.
357. Web site: Azmy QOWIMURAMADHONI (77163) – BWF - Tournament Software . 2023-11-08 . Badminton World Federation . en . 2023-11-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231107203458/https://bwf.tournamentsoftware.com/player-profile/fc542377-9953-4440-88a2-9ae09b4192b3 . live .
358. Web site: Neog . Anupal Sraban . Ice Spice age explored as rapper parties with Drake in Toronto . 2023-03-31 . www.sportskeeda.com . 24 August 2022 . en-us . 2023-03-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230303034200/https://www.sportskeeda.com/pop-culture/news-ice-spice-age-explored-rapper-parties-drake-toronto . live .
359. Web site: Turnbull . Tiffanie . Today's Birthday 1/1 . . 28 December 2022 . 31 December 2019 . 25 April 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210425235543/https://7news.com.au/news/social/todays-birthday-11-c-627902 . live .
360. Web site: Simon Adingra. 1 January 2024. 1 January 2024. 1 January 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240101215817/https://www.premierleague.com/players/126317/Simon-Adingra/overview. live.
361. Web site: Darya Trubnikova VK. 2022-01-01. vk.com. en. 2020-03-19. https://web.archive.org/web/20200319174521/https://vk.com/id213789619. live.
362. Book: Brian W. Jones. R. D. Milns. The Use of Documentary Evidence in the Study of Roman Imperial History. 1984. Sydney University Press. 978-0-424-00105-0.
363. Book: Alban Butler. The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints. 1868. J. Duffy. 21–.
364. Book: Marc Bloch. Feudal Society: Vol 2: Social Classes and Political Organisation. November 2002. Routledge. 978-1-134-95582-4. 108–.
365. Book: Charles F. H. Evans. Studies in Genealogy and Family History in Tribute to Charles Evans on the Occasion of His Eightieth Birthday. 1989. Association for the Promotion of Scholarship in Genealogy. 324.
366. Book: Alma Colk Santosuosso. Letter Notations in the Middle Ages. 1989. Institute of Mediaeval Music.. 978-0-931902-63-5.
367. Book: Frederick I (Holy Roman Emperor). The Crusade of Frederick Barbarossa: The History of the Expedition of the Emperor Frederick and Related Texts. 31 May 2013. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. 978-1-4724-1396-3. 41.
368. Book: Icelandic Sagas and Other Historical Documents Relating to the Settlements and Descents of the Northmen on the British Isles: Orkneyinga saga, and Magnus saga, with appendices. Edited by Gudbrand Vigfusson, M.A. 1964. Kraus Reprint.
369. Book: Bernard Bolingbroke Woodward. William Leist Readwin Cates. Encyclopaedia of Chronology: Historical and Biographical. 1872. Lee and Shepard. 313.
370. Book: Samuel Bentley. Excerpta historica. 1831. S. Bentley. 344.
371. Book: Ralph E. Giesey. The Royal Funeral Ceremony in Renaissance France. 1960. Librairie Droz. 978-2-600-02987-2. 113–.
372. Book: John Brown. Memoirs of the Courts of Sweden and Denmark: During the Reigns of Christian VII. of Denmark and Gustavus III. and IV. of Sweden. 1818. Grolier Society. 203–.
373. Book: Joachim Du Bellay. Joachim Du Bellay: "The Regrets," with "The Antiquities of Rome," Three Latin Elegies, and "The Defense and Enrichment of the French Language." A Bilingual Edition. 12 September 2006. University of Pennsylvania Press. 0-8122-3941-5. 9.
374. Book: Ira Moskowitz. Great Drawings of All Time: German, Flemish and Dutch, thirteenth through nineteenth century. 1976. Kodansha International. 978-0-87011-291-1.
375. Web site: BALDINUCCI, Filippo. Traccani. Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani. 7 January 2019. 17 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160317004118/http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/filippo-baldinucci_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/. live.
376. Book: Paul Baines. Julian Ferraro. Pat Rogers. The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Eighteenth-Century Writers and Writing 1660 - 1789. 28 December 2010. John Wiley & Sons. 978-1-4443-9008-7. 563.
377. Book: Hans Niels Jahnke. A History of Analysis. American Mathematical Soc.. 978-0-8218-9050-9. 106.
378. Web site: 2024-03-15 . James Edward, the Old Pretender Jacobite Rebellion, Stuart Dynasty, Catholic Monarch Britannica . 2024-03-24 . www.britannica.com . en . 2023-06-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230605212057/https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Edward-the-Old-Pretender . live .
379. Book: David Mason Greene. Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers. 1985. Reproducing Piano Roll Fnd.. 978-0-385-14278-6. 310.
380. Book: Otto Erich Deutsch. Mozart: A Documentary Biography. 1 June 1966. Stanford University Press. 978-0-8047-0233-1. 199.
381. Book: Belle Assemblée: Or, Court and Fashionable Magazine; Containing Interesting and Original Literature, and Records of the Beau-monde. 1827. J. Bell. 140.
382. Book: Museum of Fine Arts (Springfield, Mass.). John Lee Clarke. Francesco Guardi, 1712-1793. 1937. City Library Association.
383. Book: The Musk-ox. 1978. Institute for Northern Studies, University of Saskatchewan..
384. Book: Jane Downes. Tony Pollard. The Loved Body's Corruption: Archaeological Contributions to the Study of Human Mortality. 1999. Cruithne Press. 978-1-873448-06-9.
385. Book: Frank Clune. Serenade to Sydney: some historical landmarks. 1967. Angus and Robertson.
386. Web site: ОСТРОГРАДСКИЙ • Большая российская энциклопедия - электронная версия. bigenc.ru. 2019-01-07. 2022-04-01. https://web.archive.org/web/20220401122757/https://bigenc.ru/mathematics/text/2682480. dead.
387. Book: Kunes, Josef. Dimensionless Physical Quantities in Science and Engineering. February 13, 2012. Elsevier. 9780123914583. Google Books.
388. Book: Johnson's New Universal Cyclopædia: A Scientific and Popular Treasury of Useful Knowledge .... Supplement. First [-Third] biennial. A. J. Johnson & Son.
389. Book: Newton Bateman. Paul Selby. Josiah Seymour Currey. Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois: Biographical, Memorial, Illustrative. 1920. Munsell.
390. Book: Telecommunication Journal. 1989. International Telecommunication Union..
391. News: Funeral of Alfred Ely Beach. His Wife Arrives from Europe Just Before the Services. . The funeral of Alfred Ely Beach, the Inventor, who died on New Year's morning of pneumonia, after a brief Illness, was held yesterday morning at 9 West ... . . January 7, 1896 . 2008-07-15 . 2022-06-18 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220618133333/https://www.nytimes.com/1896/01/07/archives/funeral-of-alfred-el-beach-his-wife-arrives-from-europe-just-before.html . live .
392. Web site: 2024-02-28 . Ignatius Donnelly American Politician, Writer & Social Reformer Britannica . 2024-03-24 . www.britannica.com . en . 2023-10-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231003052313/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ignatius-Donnelly . live .
393. Book: Canadian Bookman. 1939. F.I. Weaver.
394. Book: The Independent. 1963. proprietors.
395. News: January 2, 1923 . WILLIE KEELER DIES OF HEART DISEASE; Famous Oldtime Baseball Player Succumbs to Malady at His Brooklyn Home. . March 24, 2024 . . March 24, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240324222600/https://www.nytimes.com/1923/01/02/archives/willie-keeler-dies-of-heart-disease-famous-oldtime-baseball-player.html . live .
396. Web site: 2024-03-05 . Loie Fuller Modernist, Choreographer, Innovator Britannica . 2024-03-24 . www.britannica.com . en . 2020-08-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200803104905/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Loie-Fuller . live .
397. http://mustafa.necati.yeted.org.tr/ Mustafa Necati page
398. Book: G. van Iterson. L.E. den den Dooren de Jong. A.J. Kluyver. Martinus Willem Beijerinck: His Life and his Work. 11 November 2013. Springer. 978-94-017-6107-9. 49.
399. Book: Back to Godhead: The Magazine of the Hare Krishna Movement. 1982. Baktivendanta Book Trust.
400. Book: Contemporary Indian Literature. 1965. S.L. Shastry.
401. Web site: Rejtő. BnF Catalogue général (http:// catalogue.bnf.fr). 2022-06-29. 2022-07-05. https://web.archive.org/web/20220705165806/https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb10126119w. live.
402. Book: Antonia Brodie. British Architectural Library. Royal Institute of British Architects. Directory of British Architects, 1834-1914: Vol. 2 (L-Z). 20 December 2001. A&C Black. 978-0-8264-5514-7. 85.
403. Book: Peter Arnold. Peter Wynne-Thomas. The Illustrated History of the Test Match. 1 January 1988. Sidgwick & Jackson. 978-0-283-99618-4.
404. Book: Cecelia Tichi. Reading Country Music: Steel Guitars, Opry Stars, and Honky-tonk Bars. 1998. Duke University Press. 0-8223-2168-8. 19–.
405. Web site: Ramesh . Sandhya . 2019-01-01 . Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar, a petroleum luminary who fired up India's science & tech pursuit . 2024-03-24 . ThePrint . en-US . 2021-12-31 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211231130552/https://theprint.in/theprint-profile/shanti-swarup-bhatnagar-a-petroleum-luminary-who-fired-up-indias-science-tech-pursuit/171129/ . live .
406. Book: Chris Wrigley. Winston Churchill: A Biographical Companion. 2002. ABC-CLIO. 978-0-87436-990-8. 137.
407. Book: Elizabeth A. Brennan. Elizabeth C. Clarage. Who's who of Pulitzer Prize Winners. 1999. Greenwood Publishing Group. 978-1-57356-111-2. 516.
408. Book: Joy Porter. To be Indian: The Life of Iroquois-Seneca Arthur Caswell Parker. 2001. University of Oklahoma Press. 978-0-8061-3317-1. 303.
409. Web site: Edward Weston . 2024-03-24 . International Photography Hall of Fame . en-US . 2024-03-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240329001438/https://iphf.org/inductees/edward-weston/ . live .
410. Book: James Monaco. The Encyclopedia of Film. 1991. Perigee Books. 978-0-399-51604-7. 522.
411. Web site: Alastair Denniston . 2024-03-24 . Spartacus Educational . en . 2024-03-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240324222601/https://spartacus-educational.com/Alastair_Denniston.htm . live .
412. Book: A. T. Lane. Biographical Dictionary of European Labor Leaders. 1995. Greenwood Publishing Group. 978-0-313-29899-8. 35.
413. Book: John Parker. Who's who in the Theatre. 1972. Pitman. 9780273315285.
414. Web site: Venerable St. Amphilochius of Pochaev. Russian Orthodox Cathedral of St. John the Baptist, Washington D.C.. 2 March 2019. 6 March 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111336/https://stjohndc.org/en/orthodoxy-foundation/saints/venerable-st-amphilochius-pochaev. live.
415. Book: Edward Baron Turk. Hollywood Diva: A Biography of Jeanette MacDonald. 3 April 2000. University of California Press. 978-0-520-22253-3. 333–.
416. News: Treaster . Joseph B. . January 2, 1977 . Roland Hayes, 89, Concert Tenor, Son of a Former Slave, Is Dead . March 24, 2024 . . March 24, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240324222601/https://www.nytimes.com/1977/01/02/archives/roland-hayes-89-concert-tenor-son-of-a-former-slave-is-dead.html . live .
417. Book: Leonard A. Woods. Carle Hessay. Meditations on the Paintings of Carl Hessay. 2005. Paintings of Carle Hessay. 978-1-895666-27-4. 1953.
418. Book: Socialist Affairs. 1980. Socialist International. 21.
419. Book: Janet Podell. Annual Obituary, 1981. 1 May 1982. Thomson Gale. 978-0-912289-51-9. 2.
420. Book: John A. Willis. Screen World. 1983. Crown Publishers. 211. 9780517550670.
421. Book: Harry Shapiro. Alexis Korner: The Biography. 1997. Bloomsbury. 978-0-7475-3163-0.
422. Web site: Archives . L. A. Times . 1988-01-05 . Obituaries : C. Hunter; Artist Born to Slave Parents . 2024-03-24 . Los Angeles Times . en-US . 2024-03-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240324225536/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-01-05-mn-33221-story.html . live .
423. Book: Emerson W. Pugh. Building IBM: Shaping an Industry and Its Technology. 1995. MIT Press. 978-0-262-16147-3. 368.
424. Book: Dod's Parliamentary Companion. 1994. Dod's Parliamentary Companion Limited. 978-0-905702-21-6. 266.
425. Book: Cordelia Candelaria. Encyclopedia of Latino Popular Culture. 2004. Greenwood Publishing Group. 978-0-313-33211-1. 705.
426. Web site: Obituary: Professor Edward Thompson. 6 January 1994. R. A. Markus. The Independent. 24 January 2019. 22 January 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180122125240/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-professor-edward-thompson-1398226.html. live.
427. Web site: Obituary: Professor Eugene Wigner. 13 January 1995. Valentine Telegdi. The Independent. 24 January 2019. 8 March 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210308194428/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-professor-eugene-wigner-1567808.html. live.
428. News: WWII Hero Arleigh A. Burke Dies. J. Y. Smith. January 2, 1996. Washington Post. 3 March 2019. 18 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200818140943/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1996/01/02/wwii-hero-arleigh-a-burke-dies/b784b3e2-eb56-45e5-a63e-6bc5b10441c9/?noredirect=on. live.
429. Web site: Arthur Rudolph, 89, Developer Of Rocket in First Apollo Flight. Wolfgang Saxon. January 3, 1996. New York Times. 3 March 2019.
430. [John Kruth|Kruth, J.]
431. News: Eight-time Wimbledon Champ Helen Wills Moody Dies. Washington Post. 3 March 2019. 18 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200818123644/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1998/01/03/eight-time-wimbledon-champ-helen-wills-moody-dies/15426339-d79b-4071-99c2-b7e01b7962a1/. live.
432. News: Mel. Gussow. Ray Walston, Broadway Star And TV Martian, Dies at 86. The New York Times. January 3, 2001. 2013-03-20. 2008-12-05. https://web.archive.org/web/20081205054213/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9503EFDC103BF930A35752C0A9679C8B63. live.
433. Web site: Julia Phillips, 57, Producer Who Assailed Hollywood, Dies. 3 January 2002. New York Times. Bernard Weinraub. 2 February 2019. 9 July 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180709095852/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/03/arts/julia-phillips-57-producer-who-assailed-hollywood-dies.html. live.
434. Web site: Harriman, Peter . Kranz, David . S.D. loses legend, American hero . mastermason.com . Argus Leader . 2 January 2003 . 5 May 2023 . 27 September 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110927145229/http://www.mastermason.com/elriadclowns/foss_obit.htm . live .
435. News: Barron. James. Shirley Chisholm, 'Unbossed' Pioneer in Congress, Is Dead at 80. The New York Times. January 3, 2005. 7 March 2019. 7 December 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211207044401/https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/03/obituaries/shirley-chisholm-unbossedpioneer-in-congress-is-dead-at-80.html. live.
436. News: Douglas . Martin . Harry Magdoff, Economist, Dies at 92 . . January 9, 2006 . 2008-05-29 . 2012-10-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121026012220/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9407EEDB1F30F93AA35752C0A9609C8B63 . live .
437. News: Respected academic died after being electrocuted by power line . 25 August 2021 . . 30 November 2007.
438. Web site: Tillie Olsen. 4 January 2007. Mark Krupnick. The Guardian. 2 February 2019.
439. Web site: Sandoval . Carlos . Bullets That Killed Broncos' Darrent Williams Intended for Brandon Marshall? . 2024-03-24 . Bleacher Report . en . 2024-03-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240324222600/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/661539-bullets-that-killed-broncos-darrent-williams-intended-for-brandon-marshall . live .
440. Book: India. Parliament. House of the People. Parliamentary Debates: Official Report. February 2008. Lok Sabha Secretariat..
441. Web site: Mulligan, John E.. Claiborne Pell dies. Providence Journal. https://web.archive.org/web/20110423110049/http://www.projo.com/news/content/pell_dies_01-02-09_SRCQQV5_v16.3fe791b.html. April 23, 2011.
442. Web site: 2009-01-01 . South African activist Helen Suzman dies at 91 . 2024-03-24 . NBC News . en . 2024-03-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240324225536/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna28460474 . live .
443. Web site: Lhasa de Sela, Singer Who Crossed Borders, Dies at 37. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220103/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/08/arts/music/08lhasa.html . 2022-01-03 . subscription . live. 7 January 2010. New York Times. Peter Keepnews. 2 February 2019.
444. Web site: O'Connell . Mikey . 2012-01-02 . 'Darth Vader' Swordsman Bob Anderson Dies at 89 . 2024-03-24 . The Hollywood Reporter . en-US . 2024-03-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240324222600/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/darth-vader-dies-bob-anderson-star-wars-277226/ . live .
445. Web site: Kiro Gligorov, Ex-Leader of Macedonia, Dies at 94. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220103/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/03/world/europe/kiro-gligorov-macedonia-president-in-1990s-dies-at-94.html . 2022-01-03 . subscription . live. 2 January 2012. New York Times. 10 January 2019.
446. News: Nay Win Maung dies of heart attack. Aung. Peter. 1 January 2012. Democratic Voice of Burma. 16 January 2019. 9 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120109003716/http://www.dvb.no/news/nay-win-maung-dies-of-heart-attack/19436. dead.
447. Web site: Legendary coach and athletic director Tommy Mont dies at 89. 2 January 2012. Depauw University. 10 January 2019. 11 January 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190111054920/https://www.depauw.edu/news-media/latest-news/details/28037/. dead.
448. News: Christopher Martin-Jenkins obituary . London . The Guardian . Peter . Baxter . 1 January 2013.
449. Web site: Patti Page obituary. Dave Laing. 3 January 2013. The Guardian. 2 February 2019.
450. Web site: http://www.asahi.com/articles/ASF0TKY201401010021.html. ja:東伏見慈洽さん死去 天皇陛下の叔父. Emperor's uncle, Higashifumi Kunihide dies. ja. 1 January 2014. 2014-01-01. Asahi Shimbun Digital. The Asahi Shimbun Company. 2014-01-01. https://archive.today/20140101063946/http://www.asahi.com/articles/ASF0TKY201401010021.html. dead.
451. Web site: Tanzania's finance minister dies in South Africa. 2 January 2014. The East African. 10 November 2014. 11 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181111000100/https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/Tanzania-finance-minister-Mgimwa-dies-in-South-Africa/2558-2132092-2nw6r7z/index.html. live.
452. Book: Harris M. Lentz III. Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2014. 11 May 2015. McFarland. 978-1-4766-1961-3. 245.
453. Web site: 2015-01-04 . Ulrich Beck, sociologist who examined risk, dies . 2024-03-24 . AP News . en . 2024-03-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240324222600/https://apnews.com/general-news-9938392be736406ea8fca4064dbab857 . live .
454. News: Helsel. Phil. 'Lost a Giant': Former New York Gov. Mario Cuomo Dies. January 2, 2015. NBC News. January 2, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150102040823/http://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/lost-giant-former-new-york-gov-mario-cuomo-dies-n278256. live.
455. Book: Harris M. Lentz III. Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2015. 3 May 2016. McFarland. 978-1-4766-2553-9. 98.
456. Web site: Omar Karami obituary. Lawrence Joffe. The Guardian. January 2015. 6 January 2019. 16 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200616000812/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/01/omar-karami. live.
457. Web site: Russian space medic who led Mars experiment dies at 64. phys.org. 6 January 2019. 6 January 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190106204527/https://phys.org/news/2015-01-russian-space-medic-mars-dies.html. live.
458. Web site: Ушла из жизни Фазу Алиева . Vestnik Kavkaza . 10 January 2019 . Russian . 1 January 2016 . 9 August 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160809154741/http://vestikavkaza.ru/news/Ushla-iz-zhizni-Fazu-Alieva.html . live .
459. Web site: Ex-Arkansas governor, Sen. Dale Bumpers dies at age 90. 2 January 2016. USA Today. 10 January 2019. 25 February 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210225025448/https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2016/01/02/dale-bumpers-obituary/78205928/. live.
460. News: Vilmos Zsigmond obituary. 4 January 2016. Bergan. Ronald . Ronald Bergan. The Guardian. 10 January 2019.
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