Sitamarhi district explained

Sitamarhi district
Settlement Type:District of Bihar
Total Type:Total
Coor Pinpoint:Dumra, Sitamarhi
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name: India
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Name1:Bihar
Subdivision Type3:Division
Subdivision Name3:Tirhut
Subdivision Type2:Region
Subdivision Name2:Mithila
Established Title:Established
Seat Type:Headquarters
Seat:Dumra
Parts Type:Tehsils
Parts Style:para
Area Total Km2:2,185
Population As Of:2022
Population Total:3423574
Population Urban:5.71 per cent
Population Density Km2:auto
Demographics Type1:Demographics
Demographics1 Title1:Literacy
Demographics1 Info1:53.53 per cent
Demographics1 Title2:Sex ratio
Demographics1 Info2:899 females \ 1000 males
Leader Title1:Lok Sabha constituencies
Leader Name1:Sitamarhi
Leader Title2:Vidhan Sabha constituencies
Leader Name2:Riga, Bathnaha, Parihar, Sursand, Bajpatti, Sitamarhi, Runnisaidpur, Belsand
Timezone1:IST
Utc Offset1:+05:30
Blank Name Sec1:Major highways
Blank Info Sec1:NH 104
Blank Info Sec2: 0.132[1]
Official Name:Sitamarhi district

Sitamarhi is one of the districts in the Mithila region of the Indian state of Bihar, India. Dumra is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district is a part of the Tirhut Division and is located along the border of Nepal.

History

This place is considered as birthplace of Sita, the main character of the epic Ramayana and a temple dedicated to Sita lies near Sitamarhi town.[2] A Rock cut sanctuary of Mauryan period is found near Sitamarhi.[3]

In 1875, a Sitamarhi subdistrict was created within the Muzaffarpur district.[4] Sitmarhi was detached from Muzaffarpur and became a separate district as of 11 December 1972.[5] It is situated in the northern part of Bihar. The district headquarters is located in Dumra, five kilometers south of Sitamarhi.

Sitamarhi district became a full-fledged district when it was split from Muzaffarpur district in 1972.[6] 1994 saw the split of Sheohar district from Sitamarhi.[6]

The district was a part of the Red Corridor.The Indian government recently declared it naxal-free.

Communal riots

Sitamarhi district has a history of communal riots dating back to the partition of India.[7] In 1948, violence broke out in Belsand, following by riots in 1959 over issue of the Mahavir Flag; roughly 50 people, mostly Muslims, were killed. Further violence occurred around the issue of Durga Mela - these riots began after a false rumour that Muslims had slaughtered a cow, which was eventually found alive. Another riot in 1959 on the issue of cow slaughter killed 11 people, again mostly Muslims, and destroyed 200 houses. Subsequent riots occurred in 1967, 1968, 1969, and 1989.

Geography

Sitamarhi district occupies an area of 2294km2,[8] comparatively equivalent to Australia's Groote Eylandt.[9]

It is bordered by Nepal to the north, Madhubani district to the east, Darbhanga and Muzaffarpur districts to the south, and Sheohar and East Champaran districts to the west.

It is situated on a flood plain. In August 2019, Sitamarhi district suffered heavy flooding.

Politics

|}

Block

1. Dumra
2. Runni Saidpur
3. Parihar
4. Bathnaha
5. Sonbarsa
6. Bajpatti
7. Sursand
8. Riga
9. Nanpur
10. Pupri
11. Bairgania
12. Bokhara
13. Suppi
14. Belsand
15. Majorganj
16. [Parsauni]
17. Choraut

Economy

It is one of the 38 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[10]

Education

The following is a list of Schools in Sitamarhi, Bihar, India

Tourism

Transport

National Highway 77 connects the area to the Muzaffarpur district and Patna to the South. Sitamarhi has road connections to adjoining districts, of which the major examples are National Highway 77 and National Highway 227. It is situated on the Darbhanga Narkatiaganj railway line and has the largest railway station of the district. Another broad gauge track, running between Muzaffarpur and Sitamarhi. Direct train services are available to places such as New Delhi, Kolkata, Varanasi, Hyderabad and Kanpur. State highways link it to the Madhubani (to the east) and Sheohar (to the west) districts. Railway lines connect Sitamarhi to Darbhanga in east, and to Muzaffarpur in the south and to Raxaul in the west. Sitamarhi has a railway junction. Sitamarhi railway station is on the Raxaul-Darbhanga rail route.

The nearest airport to Sitamarhi is the Darbhanga Airport which is about 70 km from Sitamarhi.

The Sitamarhi-Bhitthamore Road is important for religious reasons as it connects Janakpur, which houses a 200-year-old Janki Temple with Sitamarhi—considered to be the birth place of Goddess Sita.

National Highway 227 passes through Bhitthamore. Thus it is a gateway to Janakpur, Nepal and other parts of Sitamarhi & Madhubani.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Sitamarhi district has a population of 3,423,574,[11] roughly equal to the nation of Panama[12] or the US state of Connecticut.[13] This gives it a ranking of 96th in India (out of a total of 640).[11] The district has a population density of 1491PD/sqkm.[11] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 27.47%.[11] Sitamarhi has a sex ratio of 899 females for every 1000 males,[11] and a literacy rate of 53.53%. 5.56% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 11.85% and 0.09% of the population respectively.[11]

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 33.46% of the population spoke Hindi, 13.96% Urdu and 3.25% Maithili as their first language. 49.14% of the population recorded their language as 'Others' under Hindi.[14] The main dialect of the region is the Bajjika dialect of Maithili.

Notable people

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Development of Human Development Index at District Level for EAG States. March 2016. 18 February 2022.
  2. Book: Chakrabarti . Dilip K . Archaeological Geography of the Ganga Plain: The Lower and the Middle Ganga . 20 March 2013 . 2001. Orient Blacksawn . New Delhi . 9788178240169 . 207 .
  3. Book: Sen . S N . Ancient Indian History And Civilization . 20 March 2013 . 1999 . New Age International . 9788122411980 . 166 .
  4. http://dc-sitamarhi.bih.nic.in/ Official Website of the District and Civil Court of Sitmahri
  5. http://mohfw.nic.in/nrhm/DHAP/DHAP_Bihar/sitamarhi.pdf District Health Action Plan
  6. Web site: Districts of India. 2011-10-11. Law. Gwillim. 2011-09-25. Statoids. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20111017155710/http://www.statoids.com/yin.html. 2011-10-17.
  7. Engineer . Asghar Ali . 1992 . Sitamarhi on Fire . Economic and Political Weekly . 27 . 46 . 2462–2464 . 4399118 . 0012-9976.
  8. Book: Srivastava, Dayawanti . India 2010: A Reference Annual . States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government . 54th . . 2010 . New Delhi, India . 1118–1119 . 978-81-230-1617-7.
  9. Web site: Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area . 2011-10-11 . 1998-02-18 . . Groote Eylandt 2,285km2 . live . https://archive.today/20151201081219/http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm . 2015-12-01 .
  10. Web site: Ministry of Panchayati Raj. 8 September 2009. A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme. National Institute of Rural Development. 27 September 2011. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf. 5 April 2012.
  11. Web site: 2011 . District Census Handbook: Sitamarhi . . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  12. Web site: US Directorate of Intelligence . Country Comparison:Population . 2011-10-01 . Panama 3,460,462 July 2011 est. . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html . 27 September 2011 .
  13. Web site: 2010 Resident Population Data. U. S. Census Bureau. 2011-09-30. Connecticut 3,574,097. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php. 2013-10-19.
  14. Web site: 2011 . Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Bihar . censusindia.gov.in . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.