Janis Louie Explained

Janis Louie
Education:Yale University (Ph.D)University of California, Los Angeles (B.S.)

Janis Louie (born November 3, 1971, in San Francisco, California, U.S.) is a Chemistry professor and Henry Eyring Fellow at The University of Utah. Louie contributes to the chemistry world with her research in inorganic, organic, and polymer chemistry.[1]

Education

Louie received her B.S. from University of California, Los Angeles in 1993, where she was a cheerleader.[2] She then moved on to get her Ph.D. from Yale University for work under Professor John Hartwig in 1998.[3] In the years of 1998-2001 Louie was an NIH Postdoctoral Fellow at the California Institute of Technology.

Research

Accessibility to structurally diverse organic compounds such as carbocycles and heterocycles are of great importance to the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.[4] However, the synthesis of these types of compounds requires harsh conditions such as high temperatures and pressures.[5] Dr. Louie's research aims to mediate these transitions via metal catalyzed reactions, mainly involving nickel catalysis. Dr. Louie and her team focus on nickel-based systems not only because it is much less expensive than the more widely used palladium and platinum, but also because it offers a wider range of chemical activity, such as nickel, being a more electropositive transition metal which allows it to undergo oxidative addition readily; oxidize Nickel and lessens the electron density around the atom itself.6 This allows for the cross-coupling of electrophiles to occur which is pivotal in the formation of carbocycles and heterocycles.[6] Dr. Louie and her colleagues further enhance the catalytic ability by combining nickel with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands. The NHC ligands are largely sterically hindered and electron donating, which allows for improved and less harsh reactions conditions by expanding the chemical scope of the substrate. (Taking all these chemical factors into account, the Ni/NHC catalyst can effectively couple diynes and nitriles to create pyridines using a hetero-oxidative coupling mechanism. Also, this nickel catalysis method (Figure 1) offers a wider range of substrates for which nickel can perform cyclo-additions on, substrates such as; vinylcyclopropanes, aldehydes, ketones, tropones, 3-azetidinones, and 3-oxetanones).

Louie is also involved in the study and research of diversifying organometallic catalysts. Usually, an organometallic catalyst is only used for one specific type of reaction, but Louie has been working on the development of these organometallic catalysts as to make them able to catalyze more than one specific type of reaction.[7] This may be done by using the same catalyst, or by using one catalyst that can be slightly altered into making a catalyst that is useful for another type of reaction.[8] Louie also experimented with the production of 2-pyrones. She would use carbon dioxide mixed with different diynes to prepare different 2-pyrones.[9] The simple reaction for the formation of 2-pyrones is shown in Figure 2 [null 2].

Louie's nickel imidazolyidene complexes help progress the cyclization of terminal and internal functional group like aryl and alkyl isocyanates in a rather mild manner as opposed to synthetic synthesis.[10]

Selected works

Major publications

Awards and honours

Notes and References

  1. The University of Utah. "Janis Louie." Department of Chemistry - The University of Utah. The University of Utah, 12 July 2016. Web. 09 May 2017. https://chem.utah.edu/directory/louie/
  2. Web site: Taylor . Alexander . June 20, 2016 . Warrior chemists and wannabe queens . March 31, 2022 . C & EN.
  3. Louie, Janis, Michael S. Driver, Blake C. Hamann, and John F. Hartwig. "Palladium-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Triflates and Importance of Triflate Addition Rate." The Journal of Organic Chemistry 62.5 (1997): 1268-273. Web.http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jo961930x
  4. Gurjar, Mukund K., Somu V. Ravindranadh, Kuppusamy Sankar, Sukhen Karmakar, Joseph Cherian, and Mukund S. Chorghade. "Synthesis of Spirocycles via Ring Closing Metathesis of Heterocycles Carrying Gem-Diallyl Substituents Obtained via Ring Opening of (Halomethyl)cyclopropanes with Allyltributyltin." ChemInform 34.34 (2003): n. pag. Web.http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2003/OB/B300314K#!divAbstract
  5. Louie, Janis, and Robert H. Grubbs. "Metathesis of Electron-Rich Olefins:Â Structure and Reactivity of Electron-Rich Carbene Complexes." Organometallics 21.11 (2002): 2153-164. Web.http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/om011037a
  6. Thakur, Ashish, and Janis Louie. "Advances in Nickel-Catalyzed Cycloaddition Reactions To Construct Carbocycles and Heterocycles." Accounts of Chemical Research 48.8 (2015): 2354-365. Web.http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00054
  7. Louie, Janis, Christopher Bielawski, and Robert Grubbs. "Tandem Catalysis:  The Sequential Mediation of Olefin Metathesis, Hydrogenation, and Hydrogen Transfer with Single-Component Ru Complexes." Journal of the American Chemical Society 123.45 (2001): 11312-1313. ACS Publications. ACS Publications. Web. 13 May 2017.http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja016431e?journalCode=jacsat
  8. Louie, Janis, John E. Gibby, Marc V. Farnworth, and Thomas N. Tekavec. "Efficient Nickel-Catalyzed [2 2 2] Cycloaddition of CO2and Diynes." Journal of the American Chemical Society 124.51 (2002): 15188-5189. Web.http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja027438e
  9. Duong, Hung A., Michael J. Cross, and Janis Louie. "Nickel-Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Alkynes and Isocyanates." Journal of the American Chemical Society 126.37 (2004): 11438-1439. Web.http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja046477i
  10. Zhang, Kainan, Martin Conda-Sheridan, Shayna R. Cooke, and Janis Louie. "N-Heterocyclic Carbene Bound Nickel(I) Complexes and Their Roles in Catalysis." Organometallics 30.9 (2011): 2546-552. Web. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/om200090d

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