Janet Mary Campbell Explained

Janet Mary Campbell
Birth Date:1877 3, df=y
Birth Place:Brighton, England
Death Place:London, England
Nationality:British
Occupation:Physician, medical officer

Dame Janet Mary Campbell, DBE, JP (5 March 1877 – 27 September 1954) was a British physician and medical officer. Active in refugee relief, Campbell assisted orphaned Basque children following the fascist bombings of the Basque region of Spain, particularly Guernica, during the Spanish Civil War.

Early life

Janet Mary Campbell was born in Brighton, the daughter of George Campbell, and Mary Letitia Rowe. Her father was a Scottish bank manager. She earned her medical degree in 1904, after study at the London School of Medicine for Women.[1] [2]

Career

Campbell worked as a surgeon at the Royal Free Hospital[3] and the Belgrave Hospital for Children early in her career. She served as Senior Medical Officer for Maternity and Child Welfare at the Ministry of Health[4] and, from 1907, Chief Woman Medical Adviser to the Board of Education. She helped in preparing the 1923 Hadow Report, Differentiation of the curriculum for boys and girls respectively in secondary schools.[5] [6] She took particular interest in maternal death,[7] vaccination,[8] and child protection. In 1927, she gave a course of lectures at the King's College, London, on "Maternal Mortality", saying "We need more study and better investigation into the cause of this tragedy". She suggested subsidised midwifery services and postnatal clinics as two possible measures.[9] [10]

Campbell visited Australia in 1929, to consult on maternal and child health policy.[11] [12] In 1934 she married and had to resign her civil service job.[13] [14] In 1937, she assisted orphaned Basque children following the fascist bombings of the Basque region of Spain, particularly Guernica, during the Spanish Civil War.[15] [16] In 1938, she chaired the Public Health Committee of the International Council of Women, presenting a report on malnutrition.[17]

Campbell served on the Health Committee of the League of Nations. During World War II, she was a member of the War Cabinet's Committee of Women in Industry. Campbell was a founding member of the Medical Women's Federation, and served a term as the federation's president from 1944 to 1946. She was a justice of the peace in Surrey and Gloucestershire.

Personal life

Campbell married the civil servant Michael Heseltine, registrar of the General Medical Council, in 1934.[18] He died in 1952. She died in 1954 in London at the age of 77.[19]

Honours

Selected bibliography of writings by Campbell

References

  1. Campbell, Dame Janet Mary (1877–1954), medical officer. Hogarth. Margaret. 25 May 2006. en. 10.1093/ref:odnb/32267. 2020-03-19.
  2. News: University of London, Intermediate Examination in Medicine, January 1899. 1899-02-09. The Times. 2020-03-19. 12. Newspapers.com.
  3. News: Health Ministry Changes. 1934-01-12. The Guardian. 2020-03-19. 8. Newspapers.com.
  4. News: Too Many Deaths in Childbirth. 1926-01-27. The Guardian. 2020-03-19. 11. Newspapers.com.
  5. Web site: The Hadow Report, part I . 30 March 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120305104602/http://www.educationengland.org.uk/documents/hadow1923/2305.html . 5 March 2012 . dead .
  6. Web site: The Hadow Report, part II . 30 March 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120305104618/http://www.educationengland.org.uk/documents/hadow1923/2306.html . 5 March 2012 . dead .
  7. News: High Death-Rate of Mothers; English Woman Doctors Task in Australia; A Serious Problem. 1929-06-18. The Guardian. 2020-03-19. 16. Newspapers.com.
  8. News: Smallpox Danger;Becoming an Unvaccinated People; Incalculable Harm Done by Measles. 1926-12-30. The Guardian. 2020-03-19. 3. Newspapers.com.
  9. News: Women's Deaths in Childbirth; Improved Midwifery Needed. 28 December 1927. The Guardian. 19 March 2020. 12. Newspapers.com.
  10. News: Dangers after Childbirth; The Need for Clinics; A National Service Urged. 1936-03-21. The Guardian. 2020-03-19. 22. Newspapers.com.
  11. Web site: Miss Campbell. 2018-07-14. The Dinner Puzzle. en. 2020-03-19.
  12. News: Child Welfare in Australia; Dame Janet Campbell to Prepare a Scheme. 1929-05-15. The Guardian. 2020-03-19. 12. Newspapers.com.
  13. Book: Hartley, Cathy. A Historical Dictionary of British Women. 2013-04-15. Routledge. 978-1-135-35533-3. 80. en.
  14. 1934-01-13. Retirement of Dame Janet Campbell. The Lancet. en. 223. 5759. 89. 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)03113-0. 0140-6736.
  15. Web site: Basque children orphaned during the Spanish Civil War. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20090725232322/http://www.spanishrefugees-basquechildren.org/C6-Colonies_in_Britain.html. 25 July 2009. 5 September 2009.
  16. News: Basque Children's Return; A Legal Commission. 1937-10-02. The Guardian. 2020-03-19. 17. Newspapers.com.
  17. News: Malnutrition a World-Wide Problem. 1938-07-18. The Guardian. 2020-03-19. 12. Newspapers.com.
  18. News: Dame Janet Campbell Married. 1934-02-19. The Guardian. 2020-03-19. 8. Newspapers.com.
  19. Macnalty. Arthur S.. October 1954. Dame Janet M. Campbell, D.B.E.. Nature. en. 174. 4433. 722–723. 10.1038/174722a0. 1954Natur.174..722M. 1476-4687. free.
  20. https://books.google.com/books?id=KtIkAQAAIAAJ&dq=Dame+Janet+Campbell&pg=PA219 "Birthday Honours for Child Welfare Workers"

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