Jan Zadoks Explained

Jan Zadoks
Birth Name:Jan Carel Zadoks
Birth Date:1929 2, df=yes
Birth Place:Amsterdam, Netherlands
Citizenship:Dutch
Alma Mater:University of Amsterdam
Work Institution:Wageningen University & Research
Doctoral Advisor:prof. dr. A.J.P. Oort
Known For:Plant disease epidemiology, research on wheat stripe rust in cereal

Jan Carel Zadoks (born 6 February 1929) is a Dutch botanist and a professor emeritus of ecological plant pathology at Wageningen University & Research.

Career

Zadoks studied biology at the University of Amsterdam and received his PhD. cum laude[1] from the same university in 1961 for his thesis Yellow rust on wheat, studies in epidemiology and physiologic specialization.[2] [3]

In 1961 Zadoks joined the National Agricultural College, where he was appointed Professor of Ecological Plant Pathology in 1969. He served in various administrative roles, including Dean of the School of Agriculture, and President of the Biology Section (BION) of the Dutch Research Council (Dutch: Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, NWO). He was a member of the Committee on Genetic Modification (COGEM) of the Netherlands ('GMO Release Committee'), chairing the Subcommittee on Plants for five years. He was a member of the Netherlands Pesticides Registration Board for 3 years.

Zadoks developed what is arguably the world's first course on plant disease epidemiology with a wet lab and field practical. He pioneered courses in 'Aerobiology', 'Crop Loss', 'Genetics of Resistance' and 'Plant Protection and Society'. The first course formed the basis of the textbook 'Epidemiology and plant disease management'.[4]

Zadoks retired in 1994.[5]

Research on cereal rust epidemiology

His early research focused on wheat yellow stripe rust and other fungal plant diseases. His 1974 scale to record growth stages of cereals (the 'Zadoks scale') became the internationally recognized standard as used by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)[6] and the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV).[7] He developed dynamic simulation models of plant disease epidemics, and initiated the computerized pest and disease warning system EPIPRE for wheat. Later, he became involved in various studies of focus formation in plant disease, and in alternative agriculture. Once retired, he published on the history of plant pathology.[8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13]

International agricultural outreach

In 1969, Zadoks founded the European and Mediterranean Cereal Rust Foundation. He performed consultancy and evaluation missions for the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), CGIAR (Consultative Group for International Agriculture) and for Dutch, French and Swiss governmental institutions with a focus on crop loss, resistance, integrated pest management (IPM) and education. For 14 years he was a member of the FAO Panel of Experts for Integrated Pest Control. He organised the XIII International Plant Protection Congress (IPPC) of the International Association for the Plant Protection Sciences at The Hague in 1995.[14]

Collection of Sinterklaas wrapping papers

In addition to his academic work in plant pathology, Zadoks collected 1500 items of Sinterklaas-themed wrapping paper over a period of 50 years, and wrote about the themes and changes in their design in his publication Sinterklaas verpakt - Vijftig jaar Sint Nicolaas inwikkelpapier (translates as: "Sinterklaas wrapped - Fifty years of Sinterklaas wrapping paper"). One of Zadoks' conclusions is that the portrayal of Sinterklaas' blackface companion, Zwarte Piet, has undergone significant metamorphoses from 1960-2010.[15] [16] [17]

Awards and honours

Year Award / Honour
1979 Adventurers in Agricultural Science Award of Distinction (at the International Plant Protection Congress (IPPC) by the International Association for the Plant Protection Sciences, Washington)
1980 Officer in the Order of Orange Nassau
1993 Knight in the Order of the Netherlands Lion
1994 Fellow of the American Phytopathological Society
2002 Biannual Award of the Royal Netherlands Phytopathological Society
2005 Honorary Doctorate in agriculture from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
2012 Honorary Life Membership of the International Association of Plant Protection Societies (IAPPS)[18]
2016 Honorary Membership of the Royal Netherlands Phytopathological Society

Publications

Scientific works

Other works

Literature

External links

Notes and References

  1. Cum laude is an honour bestowed on about 2% of candidates in the Dutch system
  2. Web site: Yellow rust on wheat. Studies in epidemiology and physiologic specialization . 14 June 1961 . Album Academicum - Professors and PhD Graduates from 1632 to this day . . 2022-05-02.
  3. Zadoks . J.C. . Yellow rust on wheat. Studies in epidemiology and physiologic specialization . Tijdschrift over Planteziekten (Presently European Journal of Plant Pathology) . 1961 . 67 . 69–265 . Springer Science+Business Media.
  4. Book: Zadoks . J.C. . Schein . R.D . 1979 . Epidemiology and plant disease management . Oxford University Press . New York . 427 . 9780195024517 . 2022-05-08.
  5. Web site: Professor Zadoks gifts historical maps . 2012-09-04 . . 2022-05-02.
  6. Zadoks . J.C. . Epidemiology of Wheat Rust in Europe . FAO Plant Protection Bulletin . 13 . October 1965 . 5 . 29–46 . 8413999 . 0014-5637 . 10.1080/05331846709432232 . Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
  7. Zadoks . J.C. . Chang . T.T. . Konzak . C.F. . A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals . 1974 . Weed Research . 14 . 6. 415–421 . 10.1111/j.1365-3180.1974.tb01084.x . 1974WeedR..14..415Z .
  8. Book: Zadoks . J.C. . Sea lavender, rust and mildew. A perennial pathosystem in the Netherlands . 2005 . Wageningen Academic Publishers . Wageningen . 256 . 9789076998596.
  9. Book: Zadoks . J.C. . On the political economy of plant disease epidemics. Capita selecta in historical epidemiology . 2008 . Wageningen Academic Publishers . Wageningen . 256 . 9789086860869 . 2022-05-08.
  10. Book: Zadoks . J.C. . Crop protection in medieval agriculture. Studies in pre-modern organic agriculture . 2013 . Sidestone . Leiden . 333 . 9789088901874 . 2022-05-08.
  11. Book: Zadoks . J.C. . Black shank of tobacco in the former Dutch East Indies, caused by Phytophthora nicotianae . 2014 . Sidestone . Leiden . 203 . 9789088902833.
  12. Nagarajan . S. . Kogel . H.J. . Zadoks . J.C. . Epidemiological analysis of the damage potential of Pgt-Ug99 in Central, North East Africa; Iran and Punjab (India) . 2014 . Indian Phytopathology . 67 . 26–32.
  13. Zadoks . J.C. . On social and political effects of plant pest and disease epidemics . 2017 . Phytopathology . 107 . 10. 11–15 . 0031-949X . American Phytopathological Society. 10.1094/PHYTO-10-16-0369-FI . 28323536 . free .
  14. Web site: History of the International Plant Protection Congresses (IPPCs) . . 2022-05-10.
  15. Book: Zadoks, Jan Carel . 2010 . Sinterklaas verpakt - Vijftig jaar Sint Nicolaas inwikkelpapier . Fifty years of Sinterklaas wrapping paper . Zadoks . Utrecht . 9789081112574 . 127 . nl . 2022-05-02.
  16. Web site: Ook op pakpapier is Zwarte Piet bezig aan een metamorfose . Zwarte Piets metamorphosis also happens on wrapping paper . Iris Koppe . 2016-11-30 . . nl . subscription . 2022-05-02.
  17. Web site: Een boek voor... Waarom Nicolaas van Myra Sinterklaas verpakt van Jan Carel Zadoks moet lezen . Why Sint-Nicolaas of Myra should read Sinterklaas wrapping paper by Jan Carel Zadoks . Olaf Tempelman . 2013-11-02 . . nl . subscription . 2022-05-02.
  18. Web site: Oud-hoogleraar krijgt prestigieuze onderscheiding . 2012-08-15 . . nl . 2022-05-02.