Jan Holmgren Explained
Jan Roland Holmgren (born in Borås, Sweden) is a Swedish physician, microbiologist, immunologist, and vaccinologist, known for his research on cholera and mucosal immunology, specifically, for his leadership in developing "the world's first effective oral cholera vaccine".[1]
Biography
At the University of Gothenburg (Göteborgs universitet in Swedish), Holmgren graduated in 1965 with a bachelor of medicine degree, in 1969 with a Ph.D., and in 1973 with an M.D. His 1969 doctoral dissertation dealt with immunological aspects of urinary tract infections in children.[2] At the University of Gothenburg, he was appointed in 1969 a docentry and in 1970 an associate professorship. From 1971 to 1980 he held research positions at the Swedish Medical Research Council. In 1980 he was appointed to the University of Gothenburg's professorial chair in medical microbiology and immunology as successor to Örjan Ouchterlony upon the latter's retirement.[3] In addition to his professorship, Holmgren was appointed founding director of the Göteborg University Vaccine Research Institute (GUVAX), which was created in 2002.[4] He is the author or co-author of more than 600 scientific papers.[5]
His research contributed to the development of a vaccine together with Ann-Mari Svennerholm against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). Furthermore, his research has applications to understanding immunological mechanisms, such as immunological tolerance by oral immunization, and also to developing vaccines against some autoimmune diseases and allergies.
He received in 1977 the Swedish Academy of Sciences Prize for Medicine (Hilda and Alfred Erikssons Prize) and in 1994 both the Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine[6] and the Söderbergska Prize of the Swedish Medical Society.[7] He received in 2017 the Albert B. Sabin Gold Medal[1] [8] and in 2018 the Prince Mahidol Award in Public Health.[9] He is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science[10] and the Swedish Academy of Engineering. He was a board member of the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation from 1995 to 2017 and has served on the boards of other national and international organizations for research on vaccines, infections, and global health; the other organizations include the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) and the International Vaccine Institute (IVI).[4]
He married Ann-Mari Svennerholm, who was his first Ph.D. student. They have worked together since 1970.[11] They have a son and two daughters.
Selected publications
- Holmgren, J.. Lönnroth, I.. Månsson, J.. Svennerholm, L.. Interaction of cholera toxin and membrane GM! ganglioside of small intestine. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1975. 72. 7. 2520–2524. 10.1073/pnas.72.7.2520. 1058471. 432800. 1975PNAS...72.2520H. free.
- Holmgren, J.. Actions of cholera toxin and the prevention and treatment of cholera. Nature. 1981. 292. 5822. 413–417. 10.1038/292413a0. 7019725. 1981Natur.292..413H. 4333529. free.
- 10.1073/pnas.81.24.7752. Mechanism of toxin secretion by Vibrio cholerae investigated in strains harboring plasmids that encode heat-labile enterotoxins of Escherichia coli. 1984. Hirst. T. R.. Sánchez. J.. Kaper. J. B.. Hardy. S. J.. Holmgren. J.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 81. 24. 7752–7756. 6393126. 392230. 1984PNAS...81.7752H. free.
- 10.1073/pnas.86.2.481. Recombinant system for overexpression of cholera toxin B subunit in Vibrio cholerae as a basis for vaccine development. 1989. Sánchez. J.. Holmgren. J.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 86. 2. 481–485. 2492108. 286494. 1989PNAS...86..481S. free.
- Sun, J. B.. Holmgren, J.. Czerkinsky, C.. Cholera toxin B subunit: an efficient transmucosal carrier-delivery system for induction of peripheral immunological tolerance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1994. 91. 23. 10795–10799. 10.1073/pnas.91.23.10795. 7526379. 45112. 1994PNAS...9110795S. free.
- 10.1073/pnas.91.26.12559. Infection of vaginal and colonic epithelial cells by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is neutralized by antibodies raised against conserved epitopes in the envelope glycoprotein gp120. 1994. Furuta. Y.. Eriksson. K.. Svennerholm. B.. Fredman. P.. Horal. P.. Jeansson. S.. Vahlne. A.. Holmgren. J.. Czerkinsky. C.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 91. 26. 12559–12563. 7809077. 45478. 1994PNAS...9112559F. free.
- Sun, J.B.. Rask, C.. Olsson, T.. Holmgren, J.. Czerkinsky, C.. 1996. Treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by feeding myelin basic protein conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 93. 14. 7196–7201. 10.1073/pnas.93.14.7196. 8692968. 38959. 1996PNAS...93.7196S. free.
- Bergerot, I.. Ploix, C.. Petersen, J.. Moulin, V.. Rask, C.. Fabien, N.. Lindblad, M.. Mayer, A.. Czerkinsky, C.. Holmgren, J.. Thivolet, C.. 1997. A cholera toxoid-insulin conjugate as an oral vaccine against spontaneous autoimmune diabetes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 94. 9. 4610–4614. 10.1073/pnas.94.9.4610. 9114038. 20771. 1997PNAS...94.4610B. free.
- 10848926. 2000. Rask. C.. Holmgren. J.. Fredriksson. M.. Lindblad. M.. Nordström. I.. Sun. J. B.. Czerkinsky. C.. Prolonged oral treatment with low doses of allergen conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit suppresses immunoglobulin e antibody responses in sensitized mice. Clinical and Experimental Allergy . 30. 7. 1024–1032. 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.00849.x.
- Holmgren, J.. Czerkinsky, C.. Eriksson, C.. Mharandi, A.. Mucosal immunisation and adjuvants: a brief overview of recent advances and challenges. Vaccine. 2003. 21, Supplement. S89–S95. 10.1016/s0264-410x(03)00206-8. 12763689.
- Holmgren, J.. Czerkinsky, C.. Mucosal immunity and vaccines. Nature Medicine. 11. 2005. 4 Suppl. S45–S53. 10.1038/nm1213. 15812489. 39274515. free.
- Sánchez, J.. Holmgren, J.. Virulence factors, pathogenesis and vaccine protection in cholera and ETEC diarrhea. Current Opinion in Immunology. 17. 4. 2005. 388–398. 10.1016/j.coi.2005.06.007. 15963708.
- Sánchez, J.. Holmgren, J.. Cholera toxin structure, gene regulation and pathophysiological and immunological aspects. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 65. 2008. 9. 1347–1360. 10.1007/s00018-008-7496-5. 18278577. 472470. free. 11131847.
- Holmgren J. Modern History of Cholera Vaccines and the Pivotal Role of icddr,b. J Infect Dis. 2021 Dec 20;224(12 Suppl 2):S742-S748. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab423. PMID 34453544; PMCID: PMC8687080.
- Holmgren J. An Update on Cholera Immunity and Current and Future Cholera Vaccines. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2021 Apr 28;6(2):64. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed6020064. PMID 33925118; PMCID: PMC8167659.
- Web site: Dr. Jan Holmgren Receives 2017 Albert B. Sabin Gold Medal Award. April 25, 2017. Sabin Vaccine Institute.
- Book: Holmgren, Jan . On the antibody response to E. coli antigens in immunized rabbits and in children with pyelonephritis . 1969 . University of Gothenburg.
- Cover Legend. Cancer Research. 46. 5. May 1986.
- Web site: Professor Jan Holmgren, MD. pneumoADIP.
- Web site: Luminary in Vaccine Research. 2017. European Biotechnology.
- Web site: Professor Jan Holmgren, Winner of the 1994 Louis-Jeantet Prize for medicine. Fondation Louis-Jeantet. (in French)
- Web site: Söderbergska Priset. Torsten Söderbergs Stiftelse.
- Web site: Q&A with Jan Holmgren. April 25, 2017. Sabin Vaccine Institute.
- Web site: Otmani, Malin. Jan Holmgren receives global health award. Nordic Life Science News. November 23, 2018.
- Web site: Jan Holmgren. Kungl Vetenskaps Akademien.
- Web site: Their research produced global benefits. Tidningen Curie. 28 May 2019.