| Jan Koukal | |
| Office: | Mayor of Prague |
| Term Start: | 13 May 1993 |
| Predecessor: | Milan Kondr |
| Term End: | 26 November 1998 |
| Successor: | Jan Kasl |
| Office2: | Member of the Prague City Assembly |
| Term Start2: | 24 November 1990 |
| Term End2: | 14 November 2002 |
| Office3: | Senator from Prague 6 |
| Term Start3: | 16 November 1996 |
| Term End3: | 16 November 1998 |
| Predecessor3: | Office established |
| Successor3: | Jan Ruml |
| Ambassador From1: | Czech Republic |
| Country1: | Austria |
| Term Start1: | 28 November 2006 |
| Term End1: | December 2012 |
| Predecessor1: | Rudolf Jindrák |
| Successor1: | Jan Sechter |
| President1: | Václav Klaus |
| Birth Date: | 29 July 1951 |
| Birth Place: | Brno, Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic) |
| Party: | Civic Democratic Party (1991–2013/14) |
| Alma Mater: | Charles University |
| Occupation: | politician |
Jan Koukal (born 29 July 1951 in Brno) is a Czech politician.
After studying theoretical physics at the Charles University in Prague (1969–74) Koukal worked at the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, specialising on surface physics.
Jan Koukal has been a member of the Civic Democratic Party (ODS). From 1993 to 1998 he was mayor of Prague and from 1996 to 1998 member of Senate of the Czech Republic. In 2006, after a few months of training at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, he was named as an ambassador of the Czech Republic in Austria.