| James Wilson | |
| State: | New Hampshire |
| District: | At-large |
| Term Start: | March 4, 1809 |
| Term End: | March 3, 1811 |
| Preceded: | Clement Storer |
| Succeeded: | George Sullivan |
| Birth Date: | 15 August 1766 |
| Birth Place: | Peterborough, New Hampshire |
| Death Place: | Keene, New Hampshire, U.S. |
James Wilson (August 16, 1766 - January 4, 1839) was a U.S. Representative from New Hampshire, father of James Wilson (1797-1881).
Born in Peterborough, New Hampshire, Wilson attended Phillips Academy, Andover, Massachusetts, and graduated from Harvard University in 1789. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1792, commencing practice in Peterborough. He served as member of the State House of Representatives between 1803–1808 and 1812–1814.
Wilson was elected as a Federalist to the Eleventh Congress (March 4, 1809 – March 3, 1811). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1810 and resumed the practice of law, moving to Keene, New Hampshire, in 1815.
He died in Keene, January 4, 1839, and was interred in Woodland Cemetery.