James M. Haworth Explained

James Mahlon Haworth (November 19, 1831 – March 12, 1885) was a United States Army major,^[1] an Indian agent, and the first Superintendent of Indian Schools in the United States.^[2]

Biography

Haworth, a Quaker,^[3] was born in Wilmington, Ohio, and studied at Earlham School in Richmond, Indiana and Haverford College. He died in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Career

Haworth took over as Indian agent at Fort Gibson in 1873 after Lawrie Tatum resigned as the Indian agent for the Comanche, Kiowa, and Wichita Reservation on March 31, 1873.^{[4] [5]} He was a U.S. Indian Inspector from 1879, and was made the first Indian School Superintendent when the 47th U.S. Congress created the position in 1883 (Session II, Chap. 61). Mathew Brady's photographic studio in Washington D.C. captured an image of Haworth.

He selected the site for the Chilocco Indian School during the administration of president James Garfield and its Haworth Hall was named for him.^[6]

Further reading

• Web site: The Life and Adventures of a Quaker Among the Indians . Battey . Thomas C. . 1875 . Internet Archive . Boston, Massachusetts . Lee and Shepard, Publishers . 2689237.
• A Memorial of James M. Haworth, Superintendent of United States Indian Schools (1886) by Rev. A.L. Vail.
• Genealogical presentation on Haworth including image from Brady Gallery in Washington D.C.
• The Quaker Indian Agents of the Kiowa, Comanche, and Wichita Indian Reservation . Buntin . Martha . 1932 . The Chronicles of Oklahoma ~ Vol. 10, No. 2 - June 1932 . Chronicles of Oklahoma . 10 . 2 . Oklahoma Historical Society . 23027299 . 655582328 . 204–218.
• The Beginning of Quaker Administration of Indian Affairs in Oklahoma . Steele . Aubrey L. . 1939 . The Chronicles of Oklahoma ~ Vol. 17, No. 4 - December 1939 . Chronicles of Oklahoma . 17 . 4 . Oklahoma Historical Society . 23027299 . 655582328 . 364–392.
• James M. Haworth, Quaker Indian Agent . Hiatt . Burritt M. . 1958 . Bulletin of Friends Historical Association . 47 . 2 . Friends Historical Association . 41944670 . 80–93. 10.1353/qkh.1958.a395361 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: The Southern Workman. (Va.). Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute. Institute. Hampton. 25 October 2018. Hampton Institute Press. Google Books.
2. Arkansas City Traveler, March 18, 1885
3. Web site: Red River Indian War - Encyclopedia.com. www.encyclopedia.com.
4. Web site: Plains Indian View of the 'Buffalo' Soldier . Cook . Roy . AmericanIndianSource.com.
5. Book: Tatum, Lawrie . https://archive.org/details/ourredbrothersa00tatugoog/page/n140/ . Our Red Brothers and The Peace Policy of President Ulysses S. Grant . 1899 . V. Arrest of Quahada Indians - White Captives . Internet Archive . Philadelphia, Pennsylvania . John C. Winston & Co. . 31000591 . 1313582653 . 132–133.
6. Web site: Department of the Interior. Office of Indian Affairs. Chilocco Indian School. ca. 1883-9/17/1947 . Department of the Interior. Bureau of Indian Affairs. Chilocco Indian School. 9/17/1947-1980 . U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.