James Lattimer Explained

James Lattimer
Birth Name:James Michael Lattimer
Birth Date:12 April 1950
Birth Place:Marion, Indiana
Alma Mater:University of Notre Dame
University of Texas at Austin
Fields:nuclear matter, neutron stars, r-process
Work Institution:Stony Brook University
Doctoral Advisor:David N. Schramm
Awards:Hans Bethe Prize 2015

James Michael Lattimer (born 12 April 1950 in Marion, Indiana)[1] is a nuclear astrophysicist who works on the dense nuclear matter equation of state and neutron stars. He is currently a distinguished professor at Stony Brook University.

Career

Lattimer completed his BSc in 1972 at the University of Notre Dame and his PhD in 1976 at the University of Texas at Austin. After postdoc positions at the University of Chicago and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, he became a professor at Stony Brook University in 1979 and a Distinguished Professor of Physics and Astronomy in 2013.[2]

He is also associate editor of the Physical Review Letters.[3]

Research

Lattimer has made several fundamental contributions to the field of nuclear astrophysics, with a particular focus on neutron stars. One of his biggest impacts was modeling the birth of neutron stars fromsupernovae in 1986 with then-research assistant professor Adam Burrows.[4] This came just six monthsbefore the closest supernova in modern history (SN 1987A, in theLMC). Their paper[5] predicted the signature of neutrinos fromsupernovae that was subsequently validated by neutrino observations,[6] [7] from SN 1987A on February 23, 1987.

In work that led to his PhD thesis, Lattimer and his advisor David N. Schramm firstargued that the mergers of neutron stars and black holes would result in the ejection of neutron-rich matter in sufficient quantities to explain the origin of r-process elements such as gold and platinum.[8] [9] Later, with collaborators, he demonstrated decompressing neutron-star matter from both neutron star-black holes and neutron star-neutron star mergers would form a natural r-process that would match observed patterns.[10] Mass ejection and r-process nucleosynthesis from decompression has been apparently observed[11] in the aftermath of GW170817, the first merger of two neutron stars detected by LIGO/VIRGO.[12] The inferred r-process mass seems sufficient that neutron star mergers are likely the dominant source of these nuclides.

Lattimer and collaborators[13] also proposed thatthe recently observed[14] rapid cooling of the neutron star in theCassiopeia A supernova remnant is the first direct evidence for superfluidity and superconductivity in neutron star interiors.[15] He has collaborated extensively with Madappa Prakash.

Awards and Honors

In 2015, Lattimer was awarded the Hans Bethe Prize for "outstanding theoretical work connecting observations of supernovae and neutron stars with neutrino emission and the equation of state of matter beyond nuclear density."[16]

In 1985, he was awarded the Fullam (Ernest F.) Award from Dudley Observatory (1985).

Lattimer has been elected to the following fellowships:[17]

External links

Notes and References

  1. American Men and Women of Science, Thomson Gale 2004
  2. http://www.astro.sunysb.edu/astro/people.html Stony Brook Astronomy webpage
  3. Web site: PRL Journal Staff. 2007-12-03.
  4. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-abs_connect?db_key=AST&db_key=PHY&db_key=PRE&qform=AST&arxiv_sel=astro-ph&arxiv_sel=cond-mat&arxiv_sel=cs&arxiv_sel=gr-qc&arxiv_sel=hep-ex&arxiv_sel=hep-lat&arxiv_sel=hep-ph&arxiv_sel=hep-th&arxiv_sel=math&arxiv_sel=math-ph&arxiv_sel=nlin&arxiv_sel=nucl-ex&arxiv_sel=nucl-th&arxiv_sel=physics&arxiv_sel=quant-ph&arxiv_sel=q-bio&sim_query=YES&ned_query=YES&adsobj_query=YES&aut_logic=OR&obj_logic=OR&author=lattimer%2C+j&object=&start_mon=&start_year=&end_mon=&end_year=&ttl_logic=OR&title=&txt_logic=OR&text=&nr_to_return=2000&start_nr=1&jou_pick=ALL&ref_stems=&data_and=ALL&group_and=ALL&start_entry_day=&start_entry_mon=&start_entry_year=&end_entry_day=&end_entry_mon=&end_entry_year=&min_score=&sort=CITATIONS&data_type=SHORT&aut_syn=YES&ttl_syn=YES&txt_syn=YES&aut_wt=1.0&obj_wt=1.0&ttl_wt=0.3&txt_wt=3.0&aut_wgt=YES&obj_wgt=YES&ttl_wgt=YES&txt_wgt=YES&ttl_sco=YES&txt_sco=YES&version=1 based on citations
  5. Burrows . A. . Lattimer . J. M. . The birth of neutron stars . The Astrophysical Journal . IOP Publishing . 307 . 1986 . 0004-637X . 10.1086/164405 . free. 178. 1986ApJ...307..178B.
  6. Bionta . R. M. . Blewitt . G. . Bratton . C. B. . Casper . D. . Ciocio . A. . Claus . R. . Cortez . B. . Crouch . M. . Dye . S. T. . Errede . S. . Foster . G. W. . Gajewski . W. . Ganezer . K. S. . Goldhaber . M. . Haines . T. J. . Jones . T. W. . Kielczewska . D. . Kropp . W. R. . Learned . J. G. . LoSecco . J. M. . Matthews . J. . Miller . R. . Mudan . M. S. . Park . H. S. . Price . L. R. . Reines . F. . Schultz . J. . Seidel . S. . Shumard . E. . Sinclair . D. . Sobel . H. W. . Stone . J. L. . Sulak . L. R. . Svoboda . R. . Thornton . G. . van der Velde . J. C. . Wuest . C. . Observation of a neutrino burst in coincidence with supernova 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud . Physical Review Letters . American Physical Society (APS) . 58 . 14 . 1987-04-06 . 0031-9007 . 10.1103/physrevlett.58.1494 . free. 1494–1496. 10034451 . 5. 1987PhRvL..58.1494B.
  7. Hirata . K. . Kajita . T. . Koshiba . M. . Nakahata . M. . Oyama . Y. . Sato . N. . Suzuki . A. . Takita . M. . Totsuka . Y. . Kifune . T. . Suda . T. . Takahashi . K. . Tanimori . T. . Miyano . K. . Yamada . M. . Beier . E. W. . Feldscher . L. R. . Kim . S. B. . Mann . A. K. . Newcomer . F. M. . Van . R. . Zhang . W. . Cortez . B. G. . Observation of a neutrino burst from the supernova SN1987A . Physical Review Letters . American Physical Society (APS) . 58 . 14 . 1987-04-06 . 0031-9007 . 10.1103/physrevlett.58.1490. free . 1490–1493. 10034450 . 5. 1987PhRvL..58.1490H.
  8. Lattimer . J. M. . Schramm . D. N. . 1974 . Black-hole-neutron-star collisions . The Astrophysical Journal . IOP Publishing . 192 . L145 . 1974ApJ...192L.145L . 10.1086/181612 . 0004-637X . free.
  9. Lattimer . J. M. . Schramm . D. N. . 1976 . The tidal disruption of neutron stars by black holes in close binaries . The Astrophysical Journal . IOP Publishing . 210 . 549 . 1976ApJ...210..549L . 10.1086/154860 . 0004-637X . free . free . 2152/35059.
  10. Lattimer . J. M. . Mackie . F. . Ravenhall . D. G. . Schramm . D. N. . 1977 . The decompression of cold neutron star matter . The Astrophysical Journal . IOP Publishing . 213 . 225 . 1977ApJ...213..225L . 10.1086/155148 . 0004-637X . free . free . 2152/35110.
  11. Chornock . R. . Berger . E. . Kasen . D. . Cowperthwaite . P. S. . Nicholl . M. . Villar . V. A. . Alexander . K. D. . Blanchard . P. K. . Eftekhari . T. . Fong . W. . Margutti . R. . Williams . P. K. G. . Annis . J. . Brout . D. . Brown . D. A. . Chen . H.-Y. . Drout . M. R. . Farr . B. . Foley . R. J. . Frieman . J. A. . Fryer . C. L. . Herner . K. . Holz . D. E. . Kessler . R. . Matheson . T. . Metzger . B. D. . Quataert . E. . Rest . A. . Sako . M. . Scolnic . D. M. . Smith . N. . Soares-Santos . M. . The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. IV. Detection of Near-infrared Signatures of r-process Nucleosynthesis with Gemini-South . The Astrophysical Journal . American Astronomical Society . 848 . 2 . 2017-10-16 . 2041-8213 . 10.3847/2041-8213/aa905c . free. L19. 2017ApJ...848L..19C. 5. 1710.05454.
  12. Abbott . B. P. . Abbott . R. . Abbott . T. D. . Acernese . F. . Ackley . K. . Adams . C. . Adams . T. . Addesso . P. . Adhikari . R. X. . Adya . V. B. . Affeldt . C. . Afrough . M. . Agarwal . B. . Agathos . M. . Agatsuma . K. . Aggarwal . N. . Aguiar . O. D. . Aiello . L. . Ain . A. . Ajith . P. . GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral . Physical Review Letters . American Physical Society (APS) . 119 . 16 . 2017-10-16 . 0031-9007 . 10.1103/physrevlett.119.161101 . free. 161101. 29099225 . 2017PhRvL.119p1101A. 5. 1710.05832.
  13. Page . Dany . Prakash . Madappa . Lattimer . James M. . Steiner . Andrew W. . Rapid Cooling of the Neutron Star in Cassiopeia A Triggered by Neutron Superfluidity in Dense Matter . Physical Review Letters . 106 . 8 . 2011-02-22 . 0031-9007 . 10.1103/physrevlett.106.081101 . 081101. 21405561 . 1011.6142 . 2011PhRvL.106h1101P. free .
  14. Heinke . Craig O. . Ho . Wynn C. G. . Direct Observation of the Cooling of the Cassiopeia a Neutron Star . The Astrophysical Journal . IOP Publishing . 719 . 2 . 2010-08-02 . 2041-8205 . 10.1088/2041-8205/719/2/l167 . free. L167–L171. 1007.4719 . 2010ApJ...719L.167H.
  15. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/news/casa2011.html NASA Press Release
  16. http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/prizerecipient.cfm?last_nm=Lattimer&first_nm=James&year=2015 APS Hans A. Bethe Prize
  17. Web site: Awards by Award Department of Physics and Astronomy . 2024-01-14 . www.stonybrook.edu . en.

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