James Henry Nixon Explained

James Henry Nixon (1802–1857) was an illustrator and painter during the Victorian period, who worked in the firm Ward and Nixon painting stained glass windows. James Henry Nixon was a protégé of Charles Winston, who praised Nixon's work at Westminster Abbey and Church of Christ the King, Bloomsbury.[1] [2] [3] The company Ward and Nixon was followed by Ward and Hughes.[4]

Career

The company began in 1836 as Ward and Nixon, when James Henry Nixon (brother of sculptor Samuel Nixon) joined forces with Thomas Ward.[5] Nixon was a student of John Martin (painter).[6] From 1826 to 1829, Nixon painted the famous medieval stained glass in the Parish Church of St Neot, Cornwall.[7] [8] [9] After that, Nixon exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1830 to 1847.[6] He exhibited "Solomon's sacrifice" to outstanding reviews (1832) and the following year he exhibited "The resting of the Arc in the River Jordan".[10] [11] [12] [13] He made a window at New Lady chapel, St. Savior, Southwark in 1832.[14] Nixon also illustrated the work of Sir Walter Scott (1835).[15] [16] [17] [6] They created two windows for St. Edmunds, Lumbard St., London.[18] They also installed a window in the east end of St Martin’s, Owston Ferry, Lincolnshire (1836).[19] He also illustrated the Eglinton Tournament of 1839.

Ward and Nixon's studio was at 67 Frith Street, Soho.[20] [8] They created large window for St Stephen Coleman Street, London.[20] They were commissioned to do the south transept of Westminster Abbey (1844–1848, removed 1902).[21] [22] [23] [24] Charles Winston wrote,

"... the superiority of this work over its contemporaries, both here and abroad, that, had Mr. Nixon done nothing else, it would have been sufficient to entitle him to the respect of those who desire to see the true revival of a neglected and underrated branch of art."[22]

In 1848, Thomas Ward died at age 71 and his part of the business was taken over by his nephew of the same name.[20]

Perhaps the most prestigious stained glass commission of the 19th century, the re-glazing of the East Window of Lincoln Cathedral, went to Ward and Nixon in 1855. The largest 13th century window in the world, the simple harmony of the tracery in Geometric Decorated Gothic is the ultimate splendour in what has been acclaimed as "the finest cathedral in England". (John Ruskin and others). Ward and Nixon used a conservative design, its overall appearance being in keeping with the date of the stonework and drawing for effect on the visual texture of the variations within its formal arrangement and the glorious luminescence of its colour.

In the 1857 Nixon died and his pupil, Henry Hughes, became the partner of Thomas Ward, and the business was renamed Ward and Hughes.[25]

Works by Nixon

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Victorian Wolverhampton . Historywebsite.co.uk . 2019-06-14.
  2. Web site: Memoirs illustrative of the art of glass-painting : Winston, Charles, 1814–1864 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming. Internet Archive. 1865 . Aug 19, 2020.
  3. Book: Cheshire, Jim. Stained Glass and the Victorian Gothic Revival. Aug 19, 2004. Manchester University Press. 9780719063466. Aug 19, 2020. Google Books.
  4. Jim Cheshire. Stained Glass and the Victorian Gothic Revival. Manchester University Press.
  5. Stained Glass and the Victorian Gothic Revival. Jim Cheshire. Manchester University Press, 2004. p.47
  6. Web site: Term details . British Museum . 2019-06-14.
  7. Web site: associate-edda-manriquez@archive.org . Descriptive sketch of the windows of the St. Neot Church in Cornwall, as restored by the Rev. Richard Gerveys Grylls ... in the years 1826, 1827, 1828, and 1829; to which is added the poem of Tregeagle .. : Grylls, Henry : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive . 2019-06-14.
  8. Web site: Ward and Hughes . Victorianweb.org . 2018-04-29 . 2019-06-14.
  9. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. N.S. v.9 (1851). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2016-10-21 . 2019-06-14.
  10. Web site: associate-ted-hornick@archive.org . Recollections of the British Institution for Promoting the Fine Arts in the United Kingdom : with some account of the means employed for that purpose ; and biographical notices of the artists who have received premiums, &c. 1805–1859 : Smith, Thomas, of Mary-le-bone : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive . 1860 . 2019-06-14.
  11. Web site: The Monthly Review. Ralph. Griffiths. George Edward. Griffiths. Aug 19, 1831. R. Griffiths. Aug 19, 2020. Google Books.
  12. Web site: The London Literary Gazette and Journal of Belles Lettres, Arts, Sciences, Etc. Aug 19, 1831. H. Colburn. Aug 19, 2020. Google Books.
  13. Web site: Library of the Fine Arts: Or, Repertory of Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, and Engraving. Aug 19, 1831. M. Arnold. Aug 19, 2020. Google Books.
  14. Web site: Heraldry of Fish: Notices of the Principal Families Bearing Fish in Their Arms : Thomas Moule : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming. Internet Archive. Aug 19, 2020.
  15. Web site: The lay of the last minstrel / by Sir Walter Scott, Bart. - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2017-10-27 . 2019-06-14.
  16. Catherine Gordon. The Illustration of Sir Walter Scott: Nineteenth-Century Enthusiasm and Adaptation.Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes. Vol. 34 (1971), pp. 297–317
  17. Web site: The Edinburgh Review: Or Critical Journal. Aug 19, 1835. Archibald Constable and Company. Aug 19, 2020. Google Books.
  18. Web site: The churches of London: a history and description of the ..., Volume 2 : George Godwin, John Britton : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming. Internet Archive. Aug 19, 2020.
  19. Web site: News . Vidimus . 2019-06-14.
  20. Web site: Two centuries of Soho, its institutions, firms, and amusements; : Cardwell, John Henry, 1842– : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming. Internet Archive. 1898 . Aug 19, 2020.
  21. Web site: A Historical Description of Westminster Abbey. Aug 19, 1853. Print. for the Vergers in the Abbey. Aug 19, 2020. Google Books.
  22. Web site: Memoirs illustrative of the art of glass-painting : Winston, Charles, 1814–1864 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming. Internet Archive. 1865 . Aug 19, 2020.
  23. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. n. s., v. 1-3 (Nov. 1841-Sept. 1844).. HathiTrust. Aug 19, 2020.
  24. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. n.s., v. 8 (Aug. 1847-June 1848). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2016-12-14 . 2019-06-14.
  25. Web site: Ward & Hughes. (about 1836 - 1920s) : Stained Glass in Wales. stainedglass.llgc.org.uk. Aug 19, 2020.
  26. Web site: Norfolkstainedglass.co.uk .
  27. Web site: Owston Ferry, St Martin, I, Ward & Nixon, 1836. Aug 1, 2007. Aug 19, 2020. Flickr.
  28. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. N.S. v.2 (1846). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2017-02-26 . 2019-06-14.
  29. Web site: East window of St Mary Denton Norfolk . Norfolkstainedglass.co.uk . 2019-06-14.
  30. Web site: By: Simon K . Resurrection (Ward & Nixon, 1860s) | St Mary, Redenhall, Nor… . Flickr . 2018-08-02 . 2019-06-14.
  31. Web site: Stock Photo - Saint James Major stained glass window 1846 by Ward and Nixon, church of Saint James Stert, Wiltshire, England, UK. Alamy. Limited. Alamy. Aug 19, 2020.
  32. Web site: The Builder - Google Books . 1847 . 2019-06-14.
  33. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. N.S. v.6 (1848-49). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2016-10-22 . 2019-06-14.
  34. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. N.S. v.6 (1848-49). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2016-10-22 . 2019-06-14.
  35. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. N.S. v.6 (1848-49). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2016-10-22 . 2019-06-14.
  36. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. n.s., v. 8 (Aug. 1847-June 1848). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2016-12-14 . 2019-06-14.
  37. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. n.s., v. 8 (Aug. 1847-June 1848). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2016-12-14 . 2019-06-14.
  38. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. n.s., v. 8 (Aug. 1847-June 1848). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2016-12-14 . 2019-06-14.
  39. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. n.s., v. 8 (Aug. 1847-June 1848). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2016-12-14 . 2019-06-14.
  40. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. N.S. v.9 (1851). - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library . Babel.hathitrust.org . 2016-10-21 . 2019-06-14.
  41. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. n.s., v. 10 (Aug. 1849-Apr. 1850).. HathiTrust. Aug 19, 2020.
  42. Web site: Stained Glass. All Saints Church, Kingston. Aug 19, 2020.
  43. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. n.s. v.10 1852.. HathiTrust. Aug 19, 2020.
  44. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. n.s. v.10 1852.. HathiTrust. Aug 19, 2020.
  45. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. n.s. v.12 1854.. HathiTrust. Aug 19, 2020.
  46. Web site: The Ecclesiologist. n.s. v.13 1855.. HathiTrust. Aug 19, 2020.

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