| Country: | Jamaica |
| Previous Election: | 1976 |
| Next Election: | 1983 |
| Election Date: | 30 October 1980 |
| Election Name: | 1980 Jamaica general election |
| Seats For Election: | All 60 seats in the House of Representatives |
| Majority Seats: | 31 |
| Turnout: | 86.91% (1.70pp) |
| Party1: | Jamaica Labour Party |
| Leader1: | Edward Seaga |
| Percentage1: | 58.88 |
| Seats1: | 51 |
| Last Election1: | 13 |
| Party2: | People's National Party |
| Leader2: | Michael Manley |
| Percentage2: | 41.05 |
| Seats2: | 9 |
| Last Election2: | 47 |
| Prime Minister | |
| Before Election: | Michael Manley |
| Before Party: | People's National Party |
| After Election: | Edward Seaga |
| After Party: | Jamaica Labour Party |
General elections were held in Jamaica on 30 October 1980.[1] The balance of power in the 60-seat Jamaican House of Representatives was dramatically-shifted. Prior to the vote, the People's National Party (PNP), led by Prime Minister Michael Manley, had a 47 to 13 majority over the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP), led by Edward Seaga. With the loss by 38 PNP incumbents to their JLP challengers, Seaga's party captured a 51 to 9 majority and Seaga replaced Manley as Prime Minister of Jamaica. Voter turnout was 87%.[1]
The elections were marked by gun violence, exacerbated by economic pressure related to IMF austerity, lay-offs of public workers, and blackouts due to a national electric strike.[2] 153 elderly women died in the Eventide Home fire on 20 May, which was suspected, but not proven, to have been started by politically-motivated arsonists.[3]