| Jalan Kubor Cemetery | |
| Native Name: | Tanah Perkuburan di Jalan Kubor |
| Native Name Lang: | ms |
| Country: | Singapore |
| Type: | Malay |
| Established: | 1852 |
| Closed: | 1875 |
| Owner: | Singapore Land Authority |
Jalan Kubor Cemetery (Malay: Perkuburan Jalan Kubor), sometimes called Victoria Street Cemetery, is a historical royal Muslim cemetery located at Victoria Street, near Kampong Glam neighbourhood in Singapore. It is one of the oldest Muslim cemeteries in Singapore and houses many graves of important Muslim figures from the 19th and 20th centuries. The cemetery features tombstones with inscriptions in a diversity of languages and writing systems, reflecting the indigenous peoples of Singapore, including Malay, Javanese script, Buginese Lontara script, Arabic, English, Mandarin and Gujarati.
In 1824, the land was ceded to the British by Hussein Shah, Sultan of Johor and Singapore. Five years later, in 1829, a colonial prospector named J. T. Thomson recorded the historical site as Tombs of the Malayan Princes, which is the name that appeared on a map by G. D. Coleman, published in Calcutta in 1836 and in London in 1839.[1] The cemetery was meant for the descendants of Sultan Hussein, which was why the burial ground was named Tombs of the Malayan Princes.
Another name appearing on early maps is Sultan Keramat, meaning Sultan's Holy Grounds.
In 1852, Syed Omar Aljunied donated the large plot of land as a waqf (inalienable charitable endowment) to be used as a Muslim burial ground under the trusteeship of his descendants.
However, the cemetery became a burial ground for Malays as well as Indian Muslims when Sultan Hussein's son, Sultan Ali Iskandar Shah, opened the cemetery to the public on 26 August 1948.[2] The proximity of the cemetery to the Sultan's palace made the cemetery a popular burial ground amongst the more wealthy Malay merchants and figures in Singapore.
The graves of the royal family members can be differentiated due to the mounds built below the graves, making them higher than the rest. Furthermore, royal graves were distinguished with yellow tombstones, as the colour yellow in Malay culture signifies royalty.In 1987, Singapore Land Authority acquired ownership of the cemetery grounds. In 1998, Singapore's Urban Redevelopment Authority earmarked the site for residential redevelopment.
In 2014 and 2015, a major research project led by Imran bin Tajudeen, a professor at the Architecture department at the National University of Singapore, led a six-month study commissioned by the National Heritage Board to "uncover Singapore's connection to the Malay world".[3] During this study, Tajudeen and his team analysed the tombstones of the 4752 graves that are housed in the cemetery and established links to the history of Singapore based on the families that are buried there, and the languages of the tombstone inscriptions.
Royalty included descendants of Ammir Hussain Muazzam Shah I, Sultan of All Johor State (Singapore Islands District):
Malay community ;-