| Jake Bird | |
| Alias: | The Tacoma Ax-Killer |
| Birth Date: | December 14, 1901[1] |
| Birth Place: | Louisiana, U.S. |
| Death Place: | Washington State Penitentiary, Walla Walla, Washington, U.S. |
| Cause: | Execution by hanging |
| Conviction: | First degree murder (2 counts) |
| Sentence: | Death |
| Victims: | 13 confirmed, up to 46 suspected |
| Beginyear: | 1930 |
| Endyear: | 1947 |
| Country: | United States |
| States: | Various |
| Apprehended: | October 30, 1947 |
| Criminal Status: | Executed |
Jake Bird (December 14, 1901 – July 15, 1949) was an American serial killer who was executed in Washington for the 1947 murders of two women in Tacoma. He is also known to have murdered at least eleven other people across several states between 1930 and 1947. Prior to his execution Bird had implicated himself in up to 46 murders.
In 1991, criminologist Eric W. Hickey, Ph.D., Director of Alliant International University's Center for Forensic Studies, wrote about how the Bird case challenges stereotypes of serial killers, who are mostly thought to be Caucasian males, whereas African-American killers typically are associated with urban violence. Hickey wrote, "Revelations that Jake Bird, a black man, had actually stalked and killed dozens of white women in the 1940s in dozens of states...continue[s] to challenge traditionally held profiles of serial killers."[2]
On October 30, 1947, the home of Bertha Kludt and her daughter, Beverly June Kludt, was broken into by an intruder brandishing an axe. When Bertha tried to pull out a weapon the perpetrator hacked her to death. Beverly Kludt was then murdered in the same fashion when she came downstairs to confront her mother's killer.
Two police officers sent to the Tacoma residence to investigate reports of screams from inside, saw a man run out of the back door and subsequently gave chase. The suspect was captured and taken to the Tacoma City Jail, where he confessed to the killings and identified himself as Jake Bird, claiming the murders were the result of a botched burglary.[3]
The 45-year-old Bird had an extensive criminal record, including many counts of burglary and attempted murder, and had been incarcerated for a total of 31 years in Michigan, Iowa and Utah.[4] Bird was a transient who had been born in Louisiana in a location he could not remember. He supported himself as a manual laborer and railroad gandy dancer, who laid and maintained tracks. His work on the railroad kept him moving from place to place.[4]
After his conviction was announced, Bird was allowed to make a final statement. He spoke for 20 minutes, noting that his request to represent himself had been denied and that his own lawyers were against him.[5]
Bird then said, "I'm putting the Jake Bird hex on all of you who had anything to do with my being punished. Mark my words, you will die before I do." Allegedly, six people connected with the trial died: Judge Edward D. Hodge of a heart attack within a month of sentencing him to death, as did one of the officers who took his first confession. A police officer who took a second confession died, as did the court's chief clerk, and one of Bird's prison guards.[6] J.W. Selden, one of Bird's lawyers, died on the first anniversary of his sentencing.
Bird's execution was scheduled for January 16, 1948, at the Washington State Penitentiary, but he claimed to have committed 44 other murders and offered his assistance to the authorities in solving the cases. Consequently, Washington governor Monrad C. Wallgren granted him a 60-day reprieve and Bird was interviewed by police officers from several other states. Eleven murders were substantiated and Bird was knowledgeable enough about the remaining cases to be considered a prime suspect in all of them.[7] [8]
These interviews enabled the various police departments to declare many outstanding murder cases as solved. In addition to his Washington state murders, Bird had apparently killed people in Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota and Wisconsin. He mostly preyed on Caucasian women and dispatched his victims with an axe or hatchet.[7] [8]
During his reprieve, Bird lodged an appeal for a retrial with the Washington State Supreme Court, but was denied. His appeals to the federal courts - including three petitions to the United States Supreme Court - were also denied, and he was hanged on the morning of July 15, 1949, at 12:20a.m., before 125 witnesses. Jake Bird was buried in an unmarked grave in the prison cemetery.[5]