| Jacques-Louis Lions | |
| Birth Date: | 2 May 1928 |
| Birth Place: | Grasse, Alpes-Maritimes, France |
| Death Place: | Neuilly-sur-Seine, France |
| Field: | Mathematics |
| Work Institutions: | École Polytechnique Collège de France |
| Alma Mater: | École normale supérieure University of Nancy |
| Doctoral Advisor: | Laurent Schwartz |
| Doctoral Students: | Alain Bensoussan Jean-Michel Bismut Haïm Brezis Erol Gelenbe Roland Glowinski Roger Temam |
| Known For: | Asymptotic homogenization Interpolation space Lion's theorem Lions–Magenes lemma Aubin–Lions lemma Duvaut–Lions formulation |
| Prizes: | ForMemRS (1996) Harvey Prize (1991) Japan Prize (1991) John von Neumann Prize (1986) ICM Speaker (1958, 1970, 1974) Peccot Lecture (1958) |
Jacques-Louis Lions (in French ʒak lwi ljɔ̃ːs/;[1] 2 May 1928 – 17 May 2001) was a French mathematician who made contributions to the theory of partial differential equations and to stochastic control, among other areas. He received the SIAM's John von Neumann Lecture prize in 1986 and numerous other distinctions.[2] [3] Lions is listed as an ISI highly cited researcher.[4]
After being part of the French Résistance in 1943 and 1944, Jacques-Louis Lions entered the École Normale Supérieure in 1947.He was a professor of mathematics at the University of Nancy, the Faculty of Sciences of Paris, and the École Polytechnique.
In 1966 he sent an invitation to Gury Marchuk, the soviet mathematician to visit Paris. This was hand delivered by Général De Gaulle during his visit to Akademgorodok in June of that year.[5]
He joined the prestigious Collège de France as well as the French Academy of Sciences in 1973.In 1979, he was appointed director of the Institut National de la Recherche en Informatique et Automatique (INRIA), where he taught and promoted the use of numerical simulations using finite elements integration. Throughout his career, Lions insisted on the use of mathematics in industry, with a particular involvement in the French space program, as well as in domains such as energy and the environment.This eventually led him to be appointed director of the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) from 1984 to 1992.
Lions was elected President of the International Mathematical Union in 1991 and also received the Japan Prize and the Harvey Prize that same year.[3] In 1992, the University of Houston awarded him an honorary doctoral degree. He was elected president of the French Academy of Sciences in 1996 and was also a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS)[6] and numerous other foreign academies.[2] [3]
He has left a considerable body of work, among this more than 400 scientific articles, 20 volumes of mathematics that were translated into English and Russian, and major contributions to several collective works, including the 4000 pages of the monumental Mathematical analysis and numerical methods for science and technology (in collaboration with Robert Dautray), as well as the Handbook of numerical analysis in 7 volumes (with Philippe G. Ciarlet).
His son Pierre-Louis Lions is also a well-known mathematician who was awarded a Fields Medal in 1994.[7] Both father and son have received honorary doctorates from Heriot-Watt University in 1986 and 1995 respectively.[8]