Jacob Frey Explained

Jacob Frey
Office:48th Mayor of Minneapolis
Term Start:January 2, 2018
Predecessor:Betsy Hodges
Office1:Member of the Minneapolis City Council
from the 3rd ward
Term Start1:January 2, 2014
Term End1:January 2, 2018
Predecessor1:Diane Hofstede
Successor1:Steve Fletcher
Birth Name:Jacob Lawrence Frey
Birth Date:23 July 1981
Birth Place:Oakton, Virginia, U.S.
Party:Democratic
Spouse:
Children:1
Education:College of William and Mary (BA)
Villanova University (JD)
Signature:Minneapolis Emergency Regulation No.2020-2-1 (Curfew Order Regarding Protests) (Signature of Jacob Frey).jpg

Jacob Lawrence Frey (;[1] born July 23, 1981) is an American politician and attorney who has served as the mayor of Minneapolis, Minnesota since 2018. A member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party, he served on the Minneapolis City Council from 2014 to 2018.

Born and raised in Virginia, Frey attended the College of William & Mary on a track and field scholarship. Graduating with a degree in government, he went on to attend law school at Villanova University. While at Villanova, Frey became a professional distance runner. Competing in marathons across the country, he was a member of Team USA at the 2007 Pan American Games.

After law school, Frey moved to Minneapolis to work as an employment discrimination and civil rights lawyer. Before entering politics, he was also a community organizer. Frey was elected to the Minneapolis City Council in 2013, representing Ward 3. Serving only one term, he ran for mayor in 2017, defeating incumbent Betsy Hodges.[2] [3] He was reelected in 2021.[4]

Early life, education, and running career

Frey grew up in Oakton, Virginia, a suburb of Washington, D.C. His parents were both professional modern ballet dancers; his mother is of Russian Jewish ancestry, and his father converted to Judaism.[5] [6]

High school and collegiate

After graduating from Oakton High School in Vienna, Virginia, Frey attended the College of William & Mary, where he was a distance runner on the track and field team and all-Colonial Athletic Association (CAA) cross-country runner. He competed at the 2002 NCAA Division I Cross Country Championships.[7] [8] Frey won the 2002 CAA 5,000-meter title in track.[8]

Frey graduated from William & Mary in 2004 with a Bachelor of Arts in government.[9] [10]

Post-collegiate and law school

After graduation, Frey received a contract from a shoe company to run professionally. He ran in several marathons across the country and competed for Team USA in the 2007 Pan American Games marathon, finishing in fourth place.[11] [12] Frey also pursued a Juris Doctor at the Villanova University School of Law, graduating cum laude in 2009 and giving the student address at commencement.[13] [9]

Athletic achievements

Representing
2002Terre Haute, Indiana124th10K31:19.1[14]
2005Austin, Texas7thHalf marathon1:05:15[15]
2005Boston MarathonBoston, Massachusetts26thMarathon2:26:28
2006Minneapolis to St. Paul, Minnesota8thMarathon2:20:09
2007US Olympic TrialsNew York, New York22ndMarathon2:18:19[16]
2007Pan American GamesRio de Janeiro, Brazil4thMarathon2:16:44[17]
2008Austin MarathonAustin, Texas1stMarathon2:20:38
2008New York City MarathonNew York, New York15thMarathon2:20:17

Career

Early career

Frey moved to Minneapolis in 2009 after graduating from law school and joined the law firm Faegre & Benson (now Faegre Drinker) to practice employment discrimination and civil rights law before moving on to the law firm Halunen & Associates.[18] [19] [20]

Frey has been active in community causes since moving to Minneapolis. After a tornado struck North Minneapolis in 2011, Frey provided legal services to tenants who lost their homes. In late 2011, Frey ran in a special election for an open state senate seat and came in fifth in the party primary. The only candidate he finished ahead of had dropped out of the race before election day.[21]

In 2012, Frey founded and organized the first Big Gay Race, a 5K charity race to raise money for Minnesotans United for All Families, a political group organizing for marriage equality.[22]

Minneapolis City Council

Frey ran in the 2013 Minneapolis City Council election to represent Ward 3. He received the Democratic–Farmer–Labor endorsement, as well as endorsements from more than 40 elected officials and organizations.[23] Frey's platform promised better constituent services, to spur residential development, increase the number and variety of small and local businesses, and push for full funding of affordable housing and address climate change. He defeated incumbent Diane Hofstede with more than 60% of the vote and took office on January 2, 2014.

Minneapolis City Council Ward 3 election, 2013[24]
Political party/principleCandidate% 1st ChoiceRound 1
DFLJacob Frey61.313,722
DFLDiane Hofstede26.591,614
LibertarianMichael Katch5.98363
Green Party of MinnesotaKristina Gronquist5.88357
N/AWrite-ins0.2515
Maximum possible threshold3,104
Valid votes6,071
Undervotes132
Overvotes3
Turnout30.99%6,206
Registered voters[25] 20,027

As a City Council member, Frey focused on affordable housing, environmental policy, workplace regulations, and voting access. He authored an amendment to the 2015 budget that increased funding for the city's Affordable Housing Trust Fund.[26]

In 2016, Frey authored an ordinance requiring polluters to pay fees based on the amount of pollution they produce. The fees are used to support green business improvements. Since the program's launch, emissions linked to climate change have declined substantially. Frey and the City of Minneapolis were honored at the 2018 U.S. Conference of Mayors for the program's success.[27]

Frey was involved in drafting the council's 2016 paid sick leave ordinance and the 2017 minimum wage ordinance. He was one of the first council members to support a minimum wage ordinance.[28] Frey authored the amendment to the minimum wage ordinance that gave small businesses a longer phase-in than large businesses for implementing the minimum wage.[29]

As chair of the council's Elections Committee, Frey led the effort to pass an ordinance requiring landlords to provide tenants with voter registration information. The ordinance has served as a national model, with cities like Seattle and St. Paul following suit. A federal district court judge later struck down the ordinance as unconstitutional.[30] Frey also led the effort to expand early voting access in Minneapolis ahead of the 2016 election, increasing the number of early voting sites in Minneapolis from one to five.[31]

Mayor of Minneapolis

Frey announced his candidacy for mayor of Minneapolis on January 3, 2017,[32] and won the November 7 election.[33] [34] He was sworn into office on January 2, 2018.

Frey is Minneapolis's second Jewish mayor, and its second-youngest after Al Hofstede, who was 34 when he was elected mayor in 1973.[35] Frey campaigned on a platform of increasing support for affordable housing and improving police-community relations.

Frey rolled out reforms to the Minneapolis Police Department's body camera policy in April 2018. The changes tied non-compliance to stricter disciplinary consequences for the first time. Following the changes, officer compliance with the body camera policy reached record highs.[36] In 2019, Frey announced during his State of the City address the banning of "warrior" training for police officers, which had been taken by the officer who killed Philando Castile.[37] But Frey has faced protests from community groups for increases to the police department budget and the lack of significant investment in community-led safety alternatives.[38] [39] [40] Axios describes his stance on policing as moderate.[41]

The first budget Frey authored as mayor focused heavily on affordable housing. Its $40 million allocation to affordable housing was triple what the city previously spent on affordable housing.[42]

As mayor, Frey is pushing for a plan that would allow the building of four-plexes in every part of the city. Two-thirds of Minneapolis is zoned exclusively for single-family homes.[43]

In 2018, the Minneapolis City Council voted for Minneapolis 2040, a comprehensive rezoning reform plan.[44] [45] According to Slate, the plan would "permit three-family homes in the city's residential neighborhoods, abolish parking minimums for all new construction, and allow high-density buildings along transit corridors."[46] Slate wrote that by implementing the plan, "Minneapolis will become the first major U.S. city to end single-family home zoning, a policy that has done as much as any to entrench segregation, high housing costs, and sprawl as the American urban paradigm over the past century."

Frey was reelected with 56.2% of the vote in 2021, defeating challenger Kate Knuth in the final round of ranked-choice voting.[47]

COVID-19 pandemic

On March 16, 2020, Frey issued an order declaring a local emergency in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.[48] Before the order was signed, events such as the upcoming St. Patrick's Day parade were canceled.[49] On May 21, 2020, Frey signed an order requiring people over the age of 2 to wear a mask covering over their nose and mouth while at "indoor spaces of public accommodation."[50] On July 29, he issued an emergency order declaring that all Minneapolis indoor bars, which had recently reopened, would close effective August 1.[51] Taprooms, distilleries, nightclubs and restaurants also closed.

George Floyd protests

On May 27, 2020, after the start of protests sparked by the murder of George Floyd, Frey backed the firing of four police officers involved in the death, saying, "Being black in America should not be a death sentence. For five minutes we watched as a white police officer pressed his knee into the neck of a black man. For five minutes. When you hear someone calling for help, you are supposed to help."[52] The next day, Frey called for criminal charges to be filed against Derek Chauvin, the arresting officer who pressed his knee on Floyd's neck, saying, "We cannot turn a blind eye. It is on us as leaders to see this for what it is and call it what it is. George Floyd deserves justice", and "If you had done it or I had done it, we would be behind bars right now. I cannot come up with a good answer to that question.”[53]

Chauvin was later charged with third-degree murder, which was later upgraded to second-degree murder.[54] [55] On June 5, 2020, Frey approved a temporary restraining order and directed changes to the Minneapolis Police Department that were approved by the Minneapolis City Council to go into effect immediately.[56] Reforms that were given to the Minneapolis Police Department include banning chokeholds and neck restraints, requiring police officers to report and intervene against the use of excessive force by other officers, and requiring authorization from the police chief or deputy police chiefs before using crowd-control weapons such as chemical agents and rubber bullets.[57] [58]

On June 6, 2020, during the George Floyd protests, a march was held in Minneapolis pushing for the abolition of the Minneapolis Police Department. With thousands in attendance, protesters asked Frey, who was wearing a black facemask with the words "I can't breathe" on it, whether he would commit to defunding the Minneapolis Police Department. "We don't want no more police, is this clear?", he was asked. He answered, "I do not support the full abolition of police."[59] Attendees chanted "go home" and "shame" at Frey as he left following his answer.[60] [61]

On April 20, 2021, after Derek Chauvin was found guilty of the murder of George Floyd, Frey released a statement[62] on Twitter in which he implied that Floyd had sacrificed his life for the betterment of the city of Minneapolis. The statement received heavy criticism from people across the country including many who called on Frey to fire his communications staff.[63]

Personal life

Jacob Frey married his first wife, Michelle Lilienthal, in 2009.[64] [65] They divorced in early 2014.[66]

Frey met his second wife, Sarah Clarke, through community organizing in Minneapolis. The couple married in July 2016. Clarke is a lobbyist for Hylden Advocacy & Law, where she represents several business, nonprofits, and community organizations at the Minnesota legislature and executive branch agencies.[67] In March 2020, the couple announced they were expecting their first child in September.[68] Their daughter Frida Jade Frey was born at 5:22 pm on September 16, 2020, weighing 7 pounds and 10 ounces.[69] [70] In a joint statement, both Frey and Clarke expressed joy in the fact that Frida was born shortly before the Jewish new year holiday of Rosh Hashanah, stating "For us, her birth leading into Rosh Hashanah symbolizes new beginnings and hope in the midst of tough days." The day after Frida's birth, Frey started taking a brief leave of absence from the normal Mayor's office, but would continue to handle day-to-day mayoral duties from his home.

Frey is a Reform Jew and attends a Reform synagogue in Minneapolis, Temple Israel, together with his wife, who converted to Judaism.[71]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Jacob Frey for Our City . February 5, 2013 . Where in the Ward is Jacob Frey? . October 29, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171108213615/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fP3kUzfgsDc . November 8, 2017 . live .
  2. Helal, Liala (November 7, 2013) "Minneapolis demographics change; younger candidates shape new City Council", MPR News.
  3. News: Belz . Adam . January 2, 2018 . New Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey says he has 'hit the ground running very hard' . Star Tribune . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180102231603/http://www.startribune.com/new-minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-says-he-has-hit-the-ground-running-very-hard/467729223/ . January 2, 2018.
  4. Web site: Mahamud . Faiza . Tribune . Liz Navratil Star . Frey declared winner in Minneapolis mayoral race . 2021-11-03 . Star Tribune.
  5. Web site: No martinis here: An alligator lunch with Minneapolis Council Member Jacob Frey. Tevlin. Jon. June 2, 2015. Star Tribune. November 8, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171112170007/http://www.startribune.com/no-martinis-here-an-alligator-lunch-with-minneapolis-council-member-jacob-frey/305916971/. November 12, 2017. live.
  6. Web site: Who The Folk?! Mayor-Elect Jacob Frey. TC Jewfolk. July 4, 2020. November 13, 2017.
  7. Web site: Track & Field: Current Roster . TribeAthletics.com . College of William & Mary . https://web.archive.org/web/20040409062614/http://www.tribeathletics.com/sport_roster.php/11/ . April 9, 2004 . dead . June 2, 2020 .
  8. Web site: William & Mary Men's Track & Field . College of William & Mary . https://web.archive.org/web/20050304065928/http://www.tribeathletics.com/files/mtrack/2003/2003menstf.pdf . March 4, 2005 . 6.
  9. Book: Villanova University School of Law Commencement Pr ersity School of Law Commencement Program - Class of 2009 . 2009 . Villanova University . 1, 14 .
  10. Web site: About Jacob Frey . Minneapolis City Council . https://web.archive.org/web/20170911031347/http://www.ci.minneapolis.mn.us/ward3/about-frey . September 11, 2017 . dead.
  11. Web site: Jacob Frey Finishes Fourth in the 2007 Pan-Am Marathon. College of William & Mary Athletics. January 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170113161703/http://tribeathletics.test.wm.edu/story.php/5972/. January 13, 2017. live.
  12. Web site: Marathon Results of Jacob Frey . 2023-04-05 . marathonview.net.
  13. News: Third Ward candidate profile: Jacob Frey. McKenzie. Sarah. March 18, 2013. The Journal. https://web.archive.org/web/20171109151236/http://www.journalmpls.com/archives/2013/03/third-ward-candidate-profile-jacob-frey/. November 9, 2017. live.
  14. Web site: 2002 NCAA Men's Division I Cross Country Championship Results. NCAA. November 18, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161119070355/http://trackandfieldnews.com/index.php/special-articles/313. November 19, 2016. dead.
  15. News: Brom. Hoban. 3M race becomes one man time trial. 31 January 2005. Austin American Statesman. Austin, Texas. Sports. C1, C4. en.
  16. News: Runner: Jacob Frey. 2023. Association of Road Racing Statisticians . California. 4 May 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230504142521/https://more.arrs.run/runner/26082/1/position/asc. 4 May 2023. en.
  17. News: Ex-W&M man fourth in marathon. 30 July 2007. Daily Press. Newport News, Virginia. Sports: Pan American Games . C2. en.
  18. Web site: Havey. Mackenzie Lobby. My Outdoor Life: Minneapolis council member's life on the run. Star Tribune. May 27, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200527084059/https://www.startribune.com/my-outdoor-life-minneapolis-council-member-channels-running-life-into-his-work/320921141/. May 27, 2020. live. August 6, 2015.
  19. News: Q&A: Jacob Frey, Minneapolis City Council. Black. Sam. November 28, 2014. Minneapolis/St. Paul Business Journal. February 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170216130834/http://www.bizjournals.com/twincities/print-edition/2014/11/28/q-a-jacob-frey-minneapolis-city-council.html. February 16, 2017. live.
  20. Web site: Reflections from Mayor Frey on his Early Days in Office. Gers. Charlie. The Minnesota Republic. 2020-05-31.
  21. Web site: Kari Dziedzic wins DFL Senate primary, but Somali candidate Mohamud Noor makes strong showing. December 7, 2011.
  22. News: 'Always running,' Frey sets sights on council. Minnesota Daily. Godar. Bryna. January 11, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170113135409/http://www.mndaily.com/article/2012/12/%E2%80%98always-running%E2%80%99-frey-sets-sights-council. January 13, 2017. live.
  23. News: Frey unseats Hofstede as Minneapolis Ward 3 council member. Gusso. Alexi. November 6, 2013. Twin Cities Daily Planet. June 25, 2018.
  24. Web site: 2013 Minneapolis Election Results: City Council Ward 3. City of Minneapolis. November 5, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131112114447/http://vote.minneapolismn.gov/results/2013/2013-ward-03. November 12, 2013. live.
  25. Web site: Municipal Canvass Report. City of Minneapolis. January 6, 2014.
  26. News: 2015 budget in City Council's court . November 3, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210424/http://stage.journalmpls.com/news/city-hall/2014/12/2015-budget-in-city-councils-court/ . November 3, 2018 . live .
  27. Web site: 12th Anniversary Winners Mayors' Climate Protection Awards. November 3, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210527/http://www.usmayors.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/climateawards2018.pdf. November 3, 2018. live.
  28. Web site: Minneapolis mayor does not back citywide minimum wage increase. Star Tribune. May 27, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200306135316/http://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-mayor-does-not-back-citywide-minimum-wage-increase/292810551/. March 6, 2020. live.
  29. Web site: Minneapolis council approves $15 an hour minimum wage. MPR News. November 3, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181103211043/https://www.mprnews.org/story/2017/06/30/minneapolis-council-approves-15-dollar-minimum-wage. November 3, 2018. live.
  30. News: Navratil . Liz . Judge strikes down Minneapolis St. Paul rules requiring landlords to provide info on voting . 30 May 2020 . Star Tribune . March 3, 2020.
  31. Web site: Jacob Frey, Mpls. City Council member, will run for mayor. MPR News. November 3, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210711/https://www.mprnews.org/story/2017/01/03/jacob-frey-minneapolis-mayor-bid. November 3, 2018. live.
  32. News: Council Member Jacob Frey announces bid for mayor of Minneapolis. Belz. Adam. January 3, 2017. Star Tribune. February 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170107184109/http://www.startribune.com/council-member-jacob-frey-announces-bid-for-mayor-of-minneapolis/409594065/#1. January 7, 2017. live.
  33. Web site: Belz. Adam. November 9, 2017. Jacob Frey wins mayor election in Minneapolis. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20171108213615/http://www.startribune.com/jacob-frey-wins-mayor-election-in-minneapolis/456171613/. November 8, 2017. November 8, 2017. Star Tribune.
  34. Web site: 2017 Mayor Election Results Tabulation - Minneapolis Elections & Voter Services. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20171108213616/http://vote.minneapolismn.gov/results/2017/2017-mayor-tabulation. November 8, 2017. November 8, 2017. vote.minneapolismn.gov.
  35. News: Belz. Adam. Jacob Frey wins mayor election in Minneapolis. April 5, 2018. Star Tribune. November 9, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20180204114550/http://www.startribune.com/jacob-frey-wins-mayor-election-in-minneapolis/456171613/. February 4, 2018. live.
  36. Web site: Mpls. mayor touts 'stronger, clearer, more precise' body cam policy. MPR News. November 3, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181103210811/https://www.mprnews.org/story/2018/04/04/minneapolis-to-announce-changes-to-body-camera-rules. November 3, 2018. live.
  37. Web site: Minneapolis to ban 'warrior' training for police, Mayor Jacob Frey says. Star Tribune. 2020-05-31.
  38. Web site: St. Paul, Minneapolis struggle to build budgets that can rein in the violence. MPR News. 2020-05-31.
  39. Web site: Police Funding Criticized In Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey's Proposed 2020 Budget. 2019-12-04. en-US. 2020-05-31.
  40. Web site: Two cities, two mayors' budgets — and now it's up to two city councils. 2019-08-16. MinnPost. en-US. 2020-05-31.
  41. Web site: Nick. Halter. August 5, 2021. Campaign money flows to Minneapolis moderates. Axios Twin Cities.
  42. Web site: How Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey plans to spend $40 million on affordable housing. September 7, 2018. MinnPost. November 3, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181104010041/https://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2018/09/how-minneapolis-mayor-jacob-frey-plans-to-spend-40-million-on-affordable-housing/. November 4, 2018. live.
  43. News: Mpls. 2040 Plan Proposes 4-Plexes In Every Part Of City. Murphy. Esme. May 22, 2018. CBS Minnesota. May 24, 2018. en. https://web.archive.org/web/20180524210020/http://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2018/05/22/mayor-jacob-frey-2040-plan-minneapolis-housing/. May 24, 2018. live.
  44. Web site: Minneapolis City Council approves 2040 comprehensive plan on 12-1 vote. Star Tribune. December 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181207213406/http://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-city-council-approves-2040-comprehensive-plan-on-12-1-vote/502178121/. December 7, 2018. live.
  45. News: In Minneapolis, an Ambitious Rezoning Plan Scores a Historic Win. Capps. Kriston. Bloomberg. December 7, 2018 . en. December 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181208054028/https://www.citylab.com/equity/2018/12/mayor-minneapolis-2040-affordable-housing-single-family-zoning/577657/. December 8, 2018. live.
  46. Web site: Minneapolis Just Passed the Most Important Housing Reform in America. Grabar. Henry. December 7, 2018. Slate Magazine. en. December 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181207233657/https://slate.com/business/2018/12/minneapolis-single-family-zoning-housing-racism.html. December 7, 2018. live.
  47. News: Minneapolis-St. Paul Election Results. The New York Times . November 2, 2021 .
  48. News: Minneapolis Mayor Frey declares local emergency over coronavirus. Liz. Navratil. Miguel. Otárola. Star Tribune. March 16, 2020. July 29, 2020.
  49. News: St. Patrick's Day parades in St. Paul and Minneapolis have been cancelled due to coronavirus concerns. Fox 9. March 12, 2020. July 29, 2020.
  50. News: Minneapolis Mayor Frey orders people to wear masks inside stores, schools. Liz. Navratil. Paul. Walsh. Star Tribune. 22 May 2020. 29 July 2020.
  51. News: Mayor Frey closes all indoor bar areas in Minneapolis due to COVID-19 pandemic. Fox 9 News. July 29, 2020. July 29, 2020.
  52. News: Minnesota violence: Clashes over death of black man in police custody . BBC News . May 27, 2020 . 27 May 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200527123435/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-52817097 . May 27, 2020 . live .
  53. Web site: Minneapolis mayor calls for charges against arresting officer in death of George Floyd . May 27, 2020 . May 27, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200528193546/https://www.fox9.com/news/minneapolis-mayor-calls-for-charges-against-arresting-officer-in-death-of-george-floyd . May 28, 2020 . live .
  54. News: Derek Chauvin is charged with second-degree murder. BBC News . en-US. 2020-06-07.
  55. Web site: 2020-05-29. Former MPD Officer Derek Chauvin In Custody, Charged With Murder In George Floyd's Death. 2020-05-30. en-US.
  56. News: 'Layers Of Accountability': Mayor Jacob Frey Signs Temporary Restraining Order Forcing Immediate Reforms In Mpls. Police Dept. . CBS Minnesota . June 5, 2020 . June 10, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200606051924/https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2020/06/05/mayor-jacob-frey-signs-temporary-restraining-order-forcing-immediate-policy-reforms-with-mpls-police-department/ . June 6, 2020 . live .
  57. News: Minneapolis Bans Police Chokeholds in First Step of Reforms . Courthouse News Service . June 5, 2020 . Andy . Monserud . June 10, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200606003126/https://www.courthousenews.com/minneapolis-bans-police-chokeholds-in-first-step-of-reforms/ . June 6, 2020 . live .
  58. News: Associated Press . Minneapolis to ban police chokeholds in wake of Floyd death . Minnesota Public Radio News. June 5, 2020. June 10, 2020 .
  59. Web site: 2020-06-06 . Minneapolis mayor booed out of protest after reportedly refusing to defund police . FoxNews.
  60. Web site: Minneapolis Mayor Frey tells 'DefundMPD' marchers he favors reforms over disbanding. 2020-06-07. Star Tribune.
  61. Web site: 2020-06-06. Minneapolis Mayor Booed Out of BLM Protest: 'Go Home, Jacob, Go Home!'. 2020-06-07. Mediaite. en.
  62. 1384619597576474625. MayorFrey. George Floyd came to Minneapolis to.... April 20, 2021.
  63. News: Uren. Adam. 21 April 2021. Jacob Frey, police union, Nancy Pelosi criticized for post-verdict comments. The New York Times. 3 November 2021.
  64. Web site: Q&A With Michelle Frey. Gambaccini. Peter. April 3, 2010. Runner's World. en-US. May 26, 2020.
  65. Web site: AthleteBiz. www.athletebiz.us. October 8, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191008201321/https://www.athletebiz.us/pages/high-school-rivals. October 8, 2019. live.
  66. Web site: Lilienthal keeps same dreams in a new state. Writer. Steve CraigStaff. May 30, 2014. Press Herald. May 26, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200225201642/https://www.pressherald.com/2014/05/29/lilienthal-keeps-same-dreams-in-a-new-state/. February 25, 2020. live.
  67. Web site: Campaign Finance and Public Disclosure Board - Lobbyist data for Clarke, Sarah. February 13, 2017. February 15, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170216131714/http://www.cfboard.state.mn.us/lobby/lbdetail/lb2901.html. February 16, 2017. live.
  68. Web site: Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey and wife Sarah Clarke are having a baby [VIDEO]]. Mullen. Mike. City Pages. May 26, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200527035529/http://www.citypages.com/news/jacob-frey-and-wife-sarah-clarke-are-having-a-baby-video/568960401. May 27, 2020. live.
  69. News: Minneapolis Mayor Frey, wife Sarah announce newborn daughter Frida. KSTP. September 16, 2020. September 20, 2020.
  70. News: Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey And Wife Welcome Baby Girl. WCCO. September 16, 2020. September 20, 2020.
  71. Web site: Jewish Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey on Trump and becoming a sex symbol. Dolsten. Josefin. The Jerusalem Post. October 25, 2019. May 31, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200527035529/https://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/Jewish-Minneapolis-Mayor-Jacob-Frey-on-Trump-and-becoming-a-sex-symbol-605816. May 27, 2020. live.

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