Ivanov reaction explained

The Ivanov reaction is the chemical reaction of the dianions (endiolates) of aryl acetic acids (Ivanov reagents) with electrophiles, primarily carbonyl compounds or isocyanates. The reaction was named after the Bulgarian organic chemist, Academician Dimitar Ivanov, who discovered it.

Ivanov reagents (dianions of aryl acetic acids) react with many electrophiles, including aldehydes, ketones, isocyanates, and alkyl halides. The product does not usually spontaneously decarboxylate, but it is possible with some reagents. Use of the dianion of phenylacetic acid with formaldehyde gives tropic acid, an intermediate used in the synthesis of atropine and hyoscyamine.

The Ivanov reaction is known to proceed through the Zimmerman-Traxler model transition state. Toulec et al. have investigated the reaction rates and kinetics.

See also

• Aldol reaction

References

1. Ivanov, D.; Spassoff, A. Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1931, 49, 19 & 375.
2. Ivanov, D. et al. Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1932, 51, 1321 & 1325 & 1331.
3. Blagoev, B.; Ivanov, D. Synthesis 1970, 615–627. (Review)
4. Ivanov, D. Synthesis 1975, 83–98. (Review)
5. Hauser, C. R. . Dunnavant, W. R. . 1960. α,β-Diphenylpropionic acid. Organic Syntheses. 40. 38. 10.15227/orgsyn.040.0038 .
6. 10.1021/ja01121a504 . The Preparation of Tropic Acid . 1952 . Blicke . F. F. . Raffelson . Harold . Barna . Bohdan . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 74 . 253 .
7. The Stereochemistry of the Ivanov and Reformatsky Reactions . Zimmerman . H. E. . Traxler . M. D. . Journal of the American Chemical Society . 1957 . 79 . 1920–1923 . 10.1021/ja01565a041 . 8.
8. Toullec, J.; Mladenova, M.; Gaudemar-Bardone, F.; Blagoev, B. J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 2563.