| Cabinet Name: | First cabinet of Ivan Silayev |
| Cabinet Number: | 40th |
| Jurisdiction: | Russia |
| Flag: | Flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1954–1991).svg |
| Flag Border: | true |
| Date Formed: | 14 July 1990 |
| Date Dissolved: | 10 July 1991 |
| State Head: | Boris Yeltsin |
| Government Head: | Ivan Silayev |
| Previous: | Vlasov |
| Successor: | Silayev II |
The first cabinet of Ivan Silayev was the composition of the Council of Ministers of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in office from July 1990 to July 1991.
It was formed shortly after the election of the 12th Supreme Soviet of Russia by the Congress of People's Deputies and subsequent resignation of Alexander Vlasov's Cabinet. Also, the government reform was held at the time, which placed Chairman of the Supreme Soviet as the head of state in the RSFSR, dissolving the Presidium. Vlasov lost the chairman election to Boris Yeltsin, who would become the first President of Russia a year later. After his inauguration on 10 July 1991 Silayev's first cabinet resigned.
| Post | Name | Period |
|---|---|---|
| Chairman of the KGB of the RSFSR | Viktor Ivanenko | 5 May — 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee for Antimonopoly Policy and Support for New Economic Structures | Valery Chernogorodsky | 11 October 1990 — 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee on Architecture and Construction | Boris Furmanov | 11 October 1990 — 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee for Defence and Security | Konstantin Kobets | 31 January – 5 May 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee of Defence Issues | 17 May – 10 July 1991 | |
| Chairman of the State Committee for Ecology and Nature Management | Igor Gavrilov | 14 July 1990 – 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee for Economy | Gennady Filshin | 14 July 1990 – 13 February 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee for Economic Reform | Grigory Yavlinsky | 14 July – 22 November 1990 |
| Chairman of the State Committee on Employment | Anatoly Arzamastsev | 7 June – 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee on Geology and Subsoil Use | Dmitry Fyodorov | 14 July 1990 – 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee on Housing and Communal Services | Alexey Poryadin | 8 February – 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee on Land Reform | Viktor Khlystun | 31 October 1990 – 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee on Liquidation of the Consequences of the Chernobyl disaster | Semyon Voloshchuk | 11 October 1990 – 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee for the Material and Technical Support of Republican and Regional Programs | Vladimir Vozhagov | 14 July 1990 – 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee for Nationalities | Leonid Prokopyev | 31 October 1990 – 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee on Physical Culture and Sports | Vasily Machuga | 8 September 1990 — 10 July 1991 |
| Head of the Russian Rescue Corps | Sergey Shoigu | 17 April — 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee on the Socio-Economic Development of the North | Yevgeny Komarov | 11 October 1990 — 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee on State Property Management | Mikhail Maley | 31 October 1990 — 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance | Yevgeny Belyayev | 30 May – 10 July 1991 |
| Chairman of the State Committee for Science and Higher Education | Nikolay Malyshev | 14 July 1990 – 10 July 1991 |
| Chief Executive Officer of the Council of Ministers | Alexander Sterligov | 14 July – 31 October 1990 |
| Alexander Tretyakov | 29 November 1990 – 10 July 1991 | |