| Ivan Lorković | |
| Birth Date: | 17 June 1876 |
| Birth Place: | Zagreb, Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, Austria-Hungary |
| Death Place: | Zagreb, Kingdom of Yugoslavia |
| Occupation: | politician |
Ivan Lorković (in Croatian pronounced as /ǐʋan lǒːrkoʋit͡ɕ/; 17 June 1876 – 24 February 1926)[1] was a Croatian politician from Zagreb. He was a prominent member of the Croat-Serb coalition, a supporter of the Republican organization and member of the United Croatian and Serbian academic youth organization. Between 1926 and 1929, he became the leader of the Croatian Federalist Peasant Party.
Between 1902 and 1905, Ivan Lorković was the editor of the Osijek opposition newspaper, National Defense (Croatian: Narodna Obrana).[1] [2] The paper helped to revive national awareness and pride in Croatian politics. Using criticism and information, he managed to help the middle class and youth of that region to begin to think politically. In 1905, he became one of the co-founders of the Croatian National Progressive Party (Croatian: Hrvatska narodna napredna stranka, NNS).
In 1913, he won a seat during the Croatian parliamentary elections as a member of Croatian Republican Peasant Party representing the town of Valpovo. In 1914, Lorković visited Rome to attend a meeting that included politicians from all South Slavic lands within the Monarchy. He arrived with a controversial memorandum on how to break the Austro-Hungarian Empire and preserve the continuation of Croatian statehood.
His proposal received opposition, most notably from Thomas G. Masaryk (founder and first president of the State of Czechoslovakia), who was skeptical of the plan since he did not believe that England and France would accept the idea of the total abrogation of the Empire, and therefore was in favor of a confederation.[3]
In 1918, due to disagreements over the Yugoslav issue, Lorković left the Croatia-Serb coalition and joined the newly founded Croatian Union political party in 1919. Along with Stjepan Radić and others, he entered the Croatian Bloc (Croatian: Hrvatski blok), formed on 14 January 1922, when the Croatian Republican Peasant Party, the Croatian Union, and the Party of Rights formed a coalition. It existed until November of that year.
On 13 September 1925, at a conference of Croatian Union representatives and dissidents from the Croatian Peasant Party in Split, the Croatian People's Federalist Union was founded. On 11 January 1926, the Croatian Federalist Peasant Party was founded in Zagreb and Lorković became the head of its Presidency. Following the 1928 assassination of Stjepan Radić, the party started to largely support the opposition Peasant-Democratic Coalition. As part of the 6 January Dictatorship, the party was formally banned on 20 January 1929.
Ivan's father was Blaž Lorković, a prominent economist and lawyer who is often credited with the development of the Croatian political economy. He also had two sons; his son Mladen was an Ustaša minister for the fascist and Nazi-collaborationist Independent State of Croatia, notable for his involvement in the Lorković–Vokić plot, and his son Zdravko was a prominent entomologist and cytotaxonomist, notable for his work on butterfly chromosomes.