List of Italian Army equipment in World War II explained

The following is a list of equipment used by the Royal Italian Army (Regio Esercito), Italian Air Force (Regia Aeronautica), and Royal Italian Navy (Regia Marina) during World War II.

Bayonets

Model	Type	From:
M91/38 folding bayonet	Bayonet	1893
M91/38 standard bayonet	Bayonet	1891

Small arms

Handguns

Image	Type	Maker	Rounds	Cartridge	From:	Weight	Number built	Comment
			7 (+1)		1935	23.28 oz (660 g)	1,080,000	Remained in service until 1991.
			8 (+1)		1937	23.5 oz (666 g)	525,000	Was a prized souvenir during the war. Remained in service until 1967.
		Società Siderurgica Glisenti	7 (+1)		1910	29,00 oz (820 g)	100,000	Was originally chambered for a 7.65×22mm bottle-neck cartridge, but the Italian Army requested it to be chambered in 9mm.
		Many manufacturers	6	10.35mm Ordinanza Italiana	1889	33.05 oz (950 g)	?	Italian manufacturers include: Societa Siderurgica Glisenti, Castelli of Brescia, Metallurgica Bresciana, Vincenzo Bernardelli of Gardone Val Trompia. During World War I, Spanish manufacturers, Errasti and Arrostegui of Eibar produced the Bodeo for the Italian government.
-	M1942 Sosso Pistol	FNA Brescia	21		1942	?	?	Experimental design, was never fully adopted. Only five were manufactured, with four of them going to high-ranking Italian officials such as Vittorio Emanuele III and Benito Mussolini.^[1]

Rifles

Type	Base model	Maker	Rounds	Cartridge	From:	Produced	Weight	Comment
			6		1891	2,063,750	3.4 kg	standard service rifle
Carcano M1891 Moschetto da Cavalleria (Cavalry Carbine)			6		1893	?	3.4 kg	integral, folding bayonet
Carcano M1891TS Moschetto per Truppe Speciali (Special Troop Carbine)			6		1897	?	3.4 kg	without bayonet
Carcano M1891/24			6		1924	?	? kg
Carcano M1891/28			6		1928	?	? kg
Carcano M1938 carbine	Carcano M1938 carbine		6		1938	?	3.6741 kg	converted to higher caliber cartridge
Carcano 91/38 (Modello 91/38) short rifle	Carcano M1938 carbine		6		1940	?	? kg	reverted to original cartridge
Steyr-Mannlicher M1895			5		?	?	3.8 kg	imported from Austria-Hungary
M1870/87/15 Vetterli-Vitali			6		?	?	4.2 kg	issued to colonial troops in Italian East Africa
Fucile Armaguerra Mod. 39			6		1944	500	3.7 kg

Submachine guns

Type	Maker	Rounds	Cartridge	From:	Rate of fire	Weight	Comment
		25		1930s	900 rpm	7 lb 3 oz (3.3 kg)	Semi-automatic carbine developed for police use. Issued in limited numbers to Guardia alla Frontiera and Milizia Forestale units.
		40		1938	600 rpm	9 lb 4 oz (4.2 kg)	Different box magazines had a capacity 10, 20 and 40 cartridges.
	FNAB	40		1944	600-837 rpm ^[2]	8 lb 12 oz (3.9 kg)	Magazines of 20 cartridges were also available. Was expensive to produce and so, only 7,000 were ever made.
	Officine Villar Perosa	25		1918	900 rpm	8 lb 0 oz (3,6 kg)	Was issued during the early 1920s; was mostly replaced by other models by the end of the war.
	Fabbrica Fratelli Giandoso	40		1944	800 rpm	7 lb 0 oz (3.2 kg)	Produced in small numbers (6,000 made between 1944 and 1945), design was later sold to the Burmese Army and produced as the BA-52.

Grenades

Type	Maker	From	Weight	Comment
SRCM Mod.35	Società Romana Costruzioni Meccaniche	1935	240 g	impact fuse hand grenade
OTO Mod.35	Odero Terni Orlando	1935	150 g	impact fuse hand grenade
OTO Mod.42	Odero Terni Orlando	1942	1100 g	Incendiary grenade
Breda Mod.35	Breda Meccaniche Bresciane	1935	200 g	impact fuse hand grenade
Breda Mod.42	Breda Meccaniche Bresciane	1942	1050 g	Anti-tank grenade
L Type	Odero Terni Orlando	1940	2040 g	Anti-tank grenade
P Bomb	Improvised Device	1941	2000g or 1000g	Anti-tank grenade

Flamethrowers

• Lanciafiamme Modello 35
• Lanciafiamme Mod. 41
• Lanciafiamme Mod. 41 d'assalto

Machine guns

• Breda Mod. 5C 6.5 mm heavy machine gun
• Breda Mod. 5G 6.5 mm light machine gun
• Breda 30 6.5 mm light machine gun
• Breda M31 (licensed copy of the 13.2 mm Hotchkiss machine gun)
• Breda 37 8 mm heavy machine gun
• Breda 38 8 mm tank machine gun
• FM 24/29 (ex-French)
• Fiat–Revelli Modello 1914 6.5 mm machine gun
• Fiat–Revelli Modello 1935 8 mm Breda machine gun
• SIA Mod. 1918 6.5 mm heavy machine gun
• Breda-SAFAT 7.7 mm machine gun
• Breda-SAFAT 12.7 mm machine gun
• Scotti–Isotta Fraschini Modello 1933 12.7 mm machine gun

Artillery

Infantry mortars

Model	Caliber	Max. range	From	Produced	Weight, kg	fire rate, RPM	Comment
	45mm	530	1935	?	15.5	18	extremely accurate, 18 mortars per battalion (in 2 platoons)
	81mm	1500	1935	?	59.56	18	6 mortars per regiment, extended range (4 km) shell available

Field artillery

Italian artillery was usually designated using the calibre and length of the barrel in number of calibre lengths, so "90/53" would mean a weapon with a 90 mm diameter barrel where the length of the barrel was approximately 53 calibre lengths (i.e. 53x90 mm, that is 4.77 m).

Model	Caliber	Max. range	From	Number produced	Weight (kg)	fire rate RPM	Comment
	47mm	7000abbr=onNaNabbr=on	1935	?	315	5	dual-role anti-tank/infantry gun, adopted for many vehicles, licensed version of Böhler gun
	65mm	6800	1907	?	650	5	mountain gun
	65mm	6800	1913	?	650	5	mountain gun
Škoda 7 cm K10	66mm	5000	1912	?	520	10	naval gun redeployed as coastal artillery
Skoda 75 mm Model 15 (Obice da 75/13)	75mm	8250	1918	?	613	7	Austrian-built
	75mm	10000	1906	?	1080	5	licensed version of Krupp 1906M gun
	75mm	10240	1912	?	1076	5	French-designed
Cannone da 75/27 modello 12	75mm	10000	1912	?	900	5	modification of Cannone da 75/27 modello 06
	75mm	9564	1934	?	1832	5	mountain gun
	75mm	9564	1935	?	1832	5	field gun version of the Obice da 75/18 modello 34 with different carriage
	75mm	12500	1937	1	1250	5	prototype of 75/32 field gun, unmodified went on as tank gun
	75mm	12500	1937	?	1250	5	dual-role anti-tank/field gun
	76.5mm	6100	1907	?	1065	9	built in Austria-Hungary, bronze barrel
	100mm	8180	1914	?	1417	6	Austrian-built, in NATO service until 1984
Obice da 100/17 modello 16^[3]	100mm	8180	1916	?	1235	6	weight reduction of Obice da 100/17 modello 14 for use as mountain gun
Škoda 10 cm K10	100mm	15200	1910	?	2020	10	dual-purpose gun
Cannon 102/45	102mm	9300	1917	?	2327	7	naval gun converted to anti-aircraft gun
	105mm	8000 (12000)	1917	854	2650	5	license-built, kept in reserve until 1939
	105mm	6000 (8100)	1917	120	1400	5	used in self-propelled gun
	120mm	7700	1880	5	4050	5	fortress Krupp gun, used by Italian border guards
Obice da 149/12	149.1mm	8800	1914	1500	2344	3	Licensed copy of the 15 cm sFH 13
Cannone da 149/23	149.1mm	9300	1882	?	6050	1	fortress howitzer, most likely did not see combat in World War II
	149.1mm	6500	1915	?	2700	1.5	Austrian-built Skoda howitzer
	149.1mm	8800	1915	490	2765	1.5	Obice da 149/12 modello 14 modified for new ammunition
	149.1mm	16500	1900	895	8220	1	No recoil absorber, zero traverse
Cannone da 149/40 modello 35	149.1 mm (5.87 in)	23700abbr=onNaNabbr=on	1940	63+?	11340	1-2	Replacement for Cannone da 149/35A but insufficient numbers built. Split trail
	149.1mm	14250	1939	230	5780	3	Italian replacement for all older howitzers
	149.1mm	15000	1912	12	?	6	removed from Austrian battleship Tegetthoff and used in coastal defense
	152.4mm	19400	1910	53	16672	1	Naval gun used in counter-battery fire and siege
	152.4mm	16000	1916	44	11900	1	built in Austria-Hungary
	190mm	20000	1904	29	12700	3	built in Austria-Hungary as naval gun, reused by Italians in coastal defense
Canon de 19 modèle 1870/93 TAZ	194mm	18300	1915	12	65000	2	A French railroad gun in Italian service.
	191mm	22000	1908	24	13770	2.6	naval gun reused in coastal defense
203/45 Mod. 1897	203.2mm	18000	1897	40	11900	2.4	built for Giuseppe Garibaldi-class cruisers, used in World War II as siege gun and coastal defense
	203.2mm	30620	1924	26	11900	2.4	built for Trento-class cruisers, 1 turret used in coastal defence
	210mm	15400	1935	20	24000	1	Production continued by Germans after surrender of Italy
	210mm	8450	1900	?	10930	0.4	In Italian fortresses only
	210mm	8450	1900	?	10930	0.4	Towed version of Mortaio da 210/8 D.S.
	210mm	8450	1900	?	10930	0.4	Improved mobility version of Mortario da 210/8 PIAT
	260mm	9100	1916	?	12560	1 round every 12 minutes	Italian version of a Schneider design.
Obice da 280	280mm	11600	1890	?	34070	?	Coastal defense and siege howitzer
	305mm	9600	1911	79	20839	0.18	Austro-Hungarian siege howitzer, received by Italy
305 mm /46 Model 1909	305mm	24000	1909		62500	2	naval gun used as coastal artillery
	305mm	19000	1909	6	199900	1	naval gun used as coastal artillery
	305mm	20000	1911	65	620000	3	triple-mount Austrian naval gun used as coastal artillery
Cannone navale da 381/40 (coastal)	381mm	27300	1912	10	95000	1.75	naval gun used as coastal artillery
Cannone navale da 381/40 (railroad)	381mm	30000	1912	7	212000	1.75	naval gun used as railroad gun

See also:

• 203 mm /53 Italian naval gun - main gun on Italian cruisers

Anti-tank guns

Before and during World War II, Italy designed most of their anti-aircraft guns and some its infantry guns to also serve in the anti-tank role. No dedicated anti-tank gun was produced. Listed below is just the guns used in anti-tank role most commonly.

Model	Caliber	Penetration 100m (110yd)	Penetration 500m	Muzzle velocity	Max. range	From	Produced	Weight kg	fire rate RPM	Comment
	37mm	?	?	700m/s	6000m (20,000feet)	1934	?	277	120	dual-role anti-tank/anti-aircraft gun
Cannone controcarro da 37/45	37mm	64mm	31mm	735m/s	5484m (17,992feet)	?	?	327	13	Italian variant of the Rheinmetall Pak 36
	47mm	58mm	43mm	630m/s	7000m (23,000feet)	1935	?	315	5	dual-role anti-tank/infantry gun, licensed version of Böhler gun
Cannone da 90/53 mod. 1939	90mm		190mm	850m/s	17400m (57,100feet)	1939	539	8950	19	dual-role anti-tank/anti-aircraft gun

Infantry anti-tank weapons

• fucile controcarro 35(P) - Wz. 35 anti-tank rifle captured from Poland
• Solothurn S-18/100 anti-tank rifle
• Solothurn S-18/1000 anti-tank rifle
• Solothurn S-18/1100 anti-tank rifle
• Panzerfaust - one-shot disposable recoilless shaped charge launcher imported from Germany
• Lanciabombe Controcarro 60 mm - HEAT rifle grenade capable of penetrating 70 mm RHA at 80 m

Anti-aircraft weapons

Model	Caliber	Effective altitude	From	Number produced	Weight, kg	fire rate RPM	Comment
	13.2 mm	1000	1929	?	47.5	400	used on command vehicles, licensed copy of the 13.2 mm Hotchkiss machine gun
	20 mm	2000	1940	500	227.5	250	designed as aircraft cannon, build by Swiss Oerlikon
	20 mm	2000	1935	?	330	240	twin mount, main Italian light AA/AT gun
Breda 37/54 mod. 32	37 mm	3500	1934	?	5000	120	naval gun with stabilizer
Breda 37/54 mod. 38	37 mm	3500	1938	?	4300	120	twin-barreled land version, without stabilizer
Breda 37/54 mod. 39	37 mm	3500	1939	?	1500	120	land version with recoil absorber
Breda 37/54 mod. 40	37 mm	3500	1940	?	312.5	120	re-navalized version with recoil absorber
QF 2-pounder naval gun (40/39 Vickers-Terni mod. 1915)	40 mm	3960	1917	50+	711	67	import and licensed production of "pom-pom" gun
Ansaldo ^[4] Cannone da 65/64 modello 39	65 mm	5000	1939	115	?	20
	75 mm	8500	1935	318	4405	15	used on Semovente 75/46 as anti-tank gun
	75 mm	9200	1939	?	4150	15	Captured from Czech army in 1939
	76.2 mm	5500	1916	492	1676	14	used in fixed AA positions from 1933
	76.2 mm	6000	1911	312	2204	25	licensed version of "76 mm Mle 1911 Schneider"
Cannone da 90/53 mod. 1939	90 mm	11300	1939	539	8950	19	used on Semovente 90/53 as anti-tank gun
Cannone da 90/50^[5] mod. 1939	90 mm	10800	1939	56	18750	12	navalized Cannone da 90/53 version
102/35 mod. 1914	101.6 mm	5700	1914	110	1220	7	used by the navy and on armored trains, and on SPG
120/27 OTO 1924^[6]	120 mm	5500	1924	5	?	9	removed from submarines, re-used in Messina AA battery

All calibers of AA guns were also mounted in portee trucks in dual roles (ground attack and AA).

Vehicles

The Italian designation system for tanks consisted of a letter (L, M or P; designating light, medium and heavy tanks respectively) followed by two numbers: one giving the approximate weight in tons, the other giving the year it was accepted for service. Thus "M11/39" means the 11 ton medium tank of 1939. The Italian definitions of light, medium and heavy tank differ from other nations at the time. For instance the Italian "medium" tanks are often described as "light" in other sources.

Tankettes

Model	From	Armor max., mm	Primary armament	Secondary armament	Weight, t	Power, kW	Range, km	Produced	Crew	Comments
	1929	9	2 × 8 mm machine guns	none	1.5	17	160	4	2	imported from the UK
L2/29 (CV-29)	1929	9	2 × 8 mm machine guns	none	1.5	17	160	21	2	minimal modifications of Carden Loyd Mark VI tankette
L3/33 (CV-33)	1933	14		none	2.7	32	110	300	2	all previous tankettes were upgraded in 1934 to CV-33 II Mod. 1934
L3/33 (CV-33 II Mod. 1934)	1934	14	2 × Fiat–Revelli Modello 1935 8 mm MG	none	2.7	32	110	?	2	mass production version
	1933	14	Flamethrower	Fiat–Revelli Modello 1935 8 mm MG	3.3	32	110	?	2	flame tank with towed fuel tank
L3/35 (CV-35)	1935	14	2 × Breda 38 8 mm MG	none	3.2	32	125	2500	2	armor bolted instead of riveted
	1935	14	2 × Breda 38 8 mm MG	none	3.2	32	125	?	2	doors and louvers modified for desert operation
	1935	14	Madsen machine gun (13.2 mm)	none	3.2	32	125	24	2	export variant, torsion bar suspension

The L3 tankette was also a basis for several engineering vehicles.

Tanks

Model	From	Armor max., mm	Primary armament	Secondary armament	Weight, t	Power, kW	Range, km	Produced	Crew	Comments
Panzer III Ausf N	1943	70	7.5 cm KwK 37 L/24		23	220	155	12	5	12 imported from Germany, can fire HEAT rounds
Panzer IV Ausf G	1943	88	7.5 cm KwK 40 L/48		25	220	200	12	5	12 imported from Germany
	1941	60			26.5	370	400	3	4	captured from USSR, used on Eastern front only
	1921	16	2x6.5 mm machine guns 3000A	6.5 mm machine gun	6	38.2	100	100	2	based on Renault FT, 1st Italian tank
	1930	16	37/40 gun	6.5 mm machine gun	6	38.2	100	52	2	weapon upgrade of L5/21
	1940	40		8 mm Breda 38 machine gun	6.8	52	200	283	2	designed for alpine combat, base for Semovente 47/32 SPG, flame tank version Fiat L6-40 LF
	1940	43			10.6	62	130	124	2	French tank received via Germany
	1941	47	47 mm SA 35 gun		19.5	140	230	32	3	French tank received via Germany, used in Italy for training only
	1939	30	37 mm Vickers-Terni L/40	2 × 8 mm Breda 38 machine gun	11.2	79	200	100	3	main cannon mounted in front hull below turret
	1940	42		4 × 8 mm Breda 38 machine gun	13.5	93	200	c.2000	4	main cannon placed in turret, 1 AA machine gun
	1941	42		2 × 8 mm Breda 38 machine gun	14	110	200	800	4	engine improvement of M13/40, machine guns ball turret removed
	1943	50	47 mm Cannone da 47/40 L40	4 × 8 mm Breda 38 machine gun	15.5	145	200	118	4	general improvement of M14/41, base for Semovente 75/34 gun
Fiat M16/43 ("Sahariano")	1943	50	47 mm Cannone da 47/40 L40	2 × 8 mm Breda 38 machine gun	16	208	300	1	4	Christie suspension used for first time in Italy
	1943	50		2 × 8 mm Breda 38 machine gun	26	310	280	103	4	base for Semovente 149/40 SPG, used by German army only

Self-propelled guns

Tank-based

Name	Chassis	Gun	Developed	Number manufactured	Role
			1941	300	self-propelled AT gun
			1941	262	self-propelled gun
			1942	190	self-propelled AT gun
		Cannone da 75/46 C.A. modello 34	1942	15	self-propelled gun
		Cannone da 90/53	1942	30	self-propelled AT gun
		105mm howitzer	1943	90	self-propelled gun
		Cannone da 149/40 modello 35	1942	1	self-propelled gun, prototype only
StuG III Ausf G		7.5 cm KwK 40	1940	0	self-propelled AT gun, 12 received from Germany

Others

During World War II, Italy regularly mounted cannons on portee trucks. Also, permanent installation of guns on trucks and armored cars were done on ad-hoc basis, therefore many self-propelled guns had no official name besides descriptive type of truck plus type of cannon. Below is the grossly incomplete list of these self-propelled weapons.

• - cannon installed on truck TL 37
  • 102/35 su Fiat 634N
  • Autocannoni da 75
  • Breda Autocannone Blindato Tipo 102
• - Lancia 3 RO Chassis
• AT - SP ATG armed with 37mm cannon
• L.3/Solothurn or L.3/cc (antitank) - changes made on several specimens directly from the operational departments in Italian North Africa in 1941. In place of the twin machine guns an S-18/1000 Solothurn 20 mm anti-tank rifle was mounted, which could penetrate the armor of British armored cars and light tanks.
• Trubia - experimental version of the Spanish armed with a gun Breda 20/65 Mod 1935 20mm.
• Chariot anti-tank gun or self-propelled L3 47/32 - prototype self-propelled gun armed with a 47/32 mm; trying "desperately" to adapt to the new demands of war the L3 Chariot had a very similar design to the Panzerjäger I (which was also derived from the most common light tank in the army of adoption, the Panzer I). The hull, superstructure private, had a front antitank gun 47/32 cowl, which was to protect the crew and the rest of the half was equal to the chassis of L .3, although the photo of the prototype seems that the suspensions were a mainspring. Probably would not be successful, since the recoil while content of 47/32 could, in the long run detrimental to the operation of the medium.

Armoured cars

Model	Maker	Developed	Produced	Armament	comments
		1933	46	3 × Breda Mod. 5C 6.5 mm machine gun	had mobility and maintenance problems
		1933	?	2 × Breda Mod. 5C 6.5 mm machine gun and 1 x cannone Vickers-Terni da 37/40 Mod.30	considered unsuccessful because was unable to fire forward with machine gun
Lancia IZM (Lancia IZ)		1915	120		all machine guns are detachable
		1936	-		some vehicles captured from British forces from 1940. equipped with radio, good mobility,
		1942	263	Breda 38 8 mm machine gun	copy of British Daimler Dingo
Autoblindo 40 (AB 40)		1940	24	2 × Breda 38 8 mm machine gun	developed from, most AB 40 upgraded to AB 41
Autoblindo 41 (AB 41)		1941	600	Breda Model 35 20mm gun	firepower improvement of Autoblindo 40 (AB 40)
Autoblindo 43 (AB 43)		1943	1		more powerful engine and armor added
SPA-Viberti AS.42 "Sahariano"		1942	?	47mm 47/32 Mod. 1935 gun	scout car based on AB 41

Engineering and command

• L.3/r - command tank with radio inside, deployed in all tankette units
• L.3 carro recupero - experimental version for the recovery of damaged vehicles.
• L.3 da demolizione - radio-controlled prototype for the destruction of the minefields.
• L6/40 ammunition carrier
• L6/40 command tank

Trucks

Light trucks

• • • • • • SPA TL.37

Medium trucks

• Alfa Romeo 430RE
• Alfa Romeo 800RE
  • • • FIAT-626 NM
• Isotta Fraschini D65
• Isotta Fraschini D80
• SPA Dovunque-35
  • SPA AS.37

Heavy trucks

• • FIAT-634N
• FIAT-666
• Fiat 661
• Lancia Ro
• Lancia 3Ro
• Lancia EsaRo
  • ОМ Titano

Passenger cars

• Alfa Romeo 6С2500 Coloniale
• Fiat 508CM
• Fiat 1100 (1937) (Balilla-1100 Coloniale)
  • • Fiat 2800 CMC

Motorcycles

• Benelli 500 M36
• Benelli 500 VLM
• Bianchi Supermil 500
• Gilera 500 LTE
• Moto Guzzi Alce
• Moto Guzzi Trialce
• Volugrafo Aermoto 125

Tractors and prime movers

• L.3 trattore leggero - hypothetical version for towing the gun da. 47/32
• - wheeled artillery tractor
• - half-track artillery tractor
• - wheeled artillery tractor
• - half-track artillery tractor, a licensed copy of the German Sd.Kfz. 7

Miscellaneous vehicles

• Carro Veloce 29 (armored car) - may be misspelled or fictitious (most likely this is the CV-29 tankette by the same name)

Aircraft

See main article: List of Regia Aeronautica aircraft used in World War II.

Radars

Italy was late on the radar development;At the date of the armistice in 1943, 84 of 85 radars in operation were German-built.Italian Army and Navy have deployed a network of radar detectors and jammers though.

• ARGO - domestically developed air warning radar in Pratica di Mare Air Base
• FREYA - sold by Germans 1 July 1942, later transported to Sicily
• RTD Arghetto or Vespa - prototype of airborne 300 MHz radar

See also: Armi avanzate della Seconda Guerra Mondiale/Appendix 4 (wikibook)

Cartridges and shells

• 6.5×52mm Mannlicher–Carcano
• 7.35×51mm Carcano
• 8×59mm Rb Breda
• 9mm Glisenti

See also

• Military history of Italy during World War II
• Military equipment of Germany's allies on the Balkan and Russian fronts (1941–45)
• Regio Esercito
• List of Regia Aeronautica aircraft used in World War II

Further reading

• Book: Jowett, Phillip S.. 2000. The Italian Army 1940–45 (1): Europe 1940–43. Osprey . Oxford, United Kingdom. 978-1-85532-864-8.
• Book: Jowett, Philip . The Italian Army 1940–45 (2): Africa 1940–43. Osprey. Oxford, United Kingdom . 2001. 9781855328655.

External links

• Web site: https://web.archive.org/web/20121006163934/http://mailer.fsu.edu/~akirk/tanks/Italy/ItalianHalfTrack-SupportVehicles.html . 2012-10-06 . Italian Half Track & Support Vehicles.
• Web site: https://web.archive.org/web/20100630113058/http://ww2drawings.jexiste.fr/Files/1-Vehicles/Axis/2-Italy/07-Halftracks/Breda-Typo61/Breda-Typo61.htm . 2010-06-30 . Breda Type 61.
• Web site: Breda Type 61.

Notes and References

1. Web site: Sosso 1941 Italian Prototype Pistol . . 2017-03-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170406071902/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iO3ZAuiq35k . 2017-04-06 . live .
2. Web site: The Italian FNAB-43 submachine gun – LAI Publications . 2024-06-08 . en-US.
3. Web site: Vecio.it - la storia degli Alpini nel web - Obice Skoda 100/17 mod.14 e 16 . www.vecio.it . 17 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140225212537/http://www.vecio.it/cms/index.php/artiglieria/342-obice-skoda-10017-mod14-e-16 . 25 February 2014 . dead.
4. Web site: Armi avanzate della Seconda Guerra Mondiale/Appendice 6 - Wikibooks, manuali e libri di testo liberi. it.wikibooks.org.
5. Web site: Tony DiGiulian . Italy 90 mm/50 (3.5") Ansaldo Model 1938, OTO Model 1939 . NavWeaps . 2022-08-20.
6. Web site: Tony DiGiulian . Italy Miscellaneous 120 mm (4.7") Guns . NavWeaps . 2022-08-20.