Istanbul–Pythion railway should not be confused with Istanbul-Kapıkule railway.
| Istanbul-Pythion railway | |
| Type: | Heavy rail |
| System: | Turkish State Railways |
| Status: | Operational |
| Locale: | East Thrace |
| Start: | Istanbul, Turkey |
| End: | Pythion, Greece |
| Open: | 4 April 1873 |
| Owner: | Turkish State Railways (Istanbul-Hudut) Hellenic Railways Organization (Hudut-Pythion) |
| Linelength: | 281.4km (174.9miles) |
| Tracks: | Double track (Sirkeci-Halkalı) single track (Halkalı-Demirköprü) |
| Electrification: | 25 kV (Istanbul-Pehlivanköy) |
| Speed: | 100km/h |
| Map State: | collapsed |
The İstanbul–Pythion railway is the main railway line in Eastern Thrace and is the Turkish State Railways trunk line to Europe. It was built in 1873 as part of the Chemins de fer Orientaux main line between İstanbul and Belgrade.[1] It is 281.4km (174.9miles) long. The line is an important freight corridor for the country.
The line starts in Istanbul Sirkeci station, almost next to the Golden Horn mouth. It then follows the Marmara seashore to exit the city, passing the Istanbul walls at Yedikule. It then goes through the suburb to Halkalı, the current endpoint of the double track. From there, the line goes North for a few kilometres to go around a lake before resuming its course westward.
At Çatalca, the line will start climbing at an average rate of 6‰ to a 200m high point near the Kurfallı station. It will then descend back to Çerkezköy station. From there, the line will follow the Ergene River all the way until Uzunköprü station, at an average altitude of 50m.
From Uzunköprü station, the line will turn North West to reach the Meriç River where it will cross the current border to Greece to reach the Pythion station. The river crossing is done over a metallic bridge.
When the line opened, it fell entirely within the Ottoman Empire. However, after World War I, a new border was established between Greece and Turkey. The line from Pythion to Edirne fell within Greek territory, and only the İstanbul-Demirköprü section still remained in Turkish territory. In 1971, the State railways built a new line from Pehlivanköy to the Bulgarian border at Kapıkule, bypassing Greek territory. The original line to Pythion is still used for connections to Greece. Due to construction of the Marmaray commuter rail system in Istanbul as well as the rehabilitation of the eastern part of the railway, service between Çerkezköy and Istanbul is temporarily suspended.