Isotoma fluviatilis explained

Isotoma fluviatilis, the swamp isotome[1] or blue star creeper,[2] is a small herbaceous perennial plant in the family Campanulaceae, native to Australia.

Description

This plant often forms a low growing mat. It is usually pubescent or sometimes glabrous and roots at nodes. The deep green leaves are 4to in length and 2to wide. The leaf blade is oblong, elliptic or linear in shape, or the lower leaves may be ovate or obovate in shape.[3]

It forms white solitary flowers that are axillary and can be bisexual or unisexual. Capsules form later that are obconical to obovoid in shape and slightly asymmetric. They are usually 3to in length with a 33NaN3 diameter.[3]

The plant flowers during the summer months between November and March producing a carpet of white-blue five-petalled star-shaped flowers that are ideal as groundcovers in garden beds, rockeries or between paving stones.[2]

I. fluviatilis prefers dappled sunlight or part shade and moist soil. It spreads via runners and is hardy in the US in zones 6-8.[4] In the UK, it is hardy in coastal and relatively mild parts of the UK, and is considered generally pest and disease free.[5]

Classification

The species was first formally described as Lobelia fluviatilis by the botanist Robert Brown in 1810 in the work Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae and later reclassified in the genus Isotoma by George Bentham in 1864 in Flora Australiensis. Several synonyms exist for this species including; Laurentia fluviatilis, Enchysia gaudichaudii and Rapuntium fluviatile.[6]

There are three known subspecies:

Distribution

The species is often found growing in areas of moist sand or in mud along the margins of creeks and streams and seepage areas. It is also found among granite outcrops and wet depressions. It is found in south eastern Australia from southern parts of South Australia extending through much of Victoria, through much of Tasmania, eastern New South Wales and south eastern Queensland.[3]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Isotoma fluviatilis (R.Br.) F.Muell. ex Benth.. Flora of Victoria. 29 July 2017. Royal Botanic Garden Victoria.
  2. Web site: Isotoma fluviatilis. 29 July 2017. Perennials.com.
  3. Web site: Isotoma fluviatilis (R.Br.) F.Muell.. PlantNET. 29 July 2017. Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney.
  4. Web site: Isotoma fluviatilis (Laurentia) North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. 2021-03-09. plants.ces.ncsu.edu.
  5. Web site: Isotoma axillaris 'Blue Star' blue star creeper 'Blue Star'/RHS Gardening. 2021-03-09. www.rhs.org.uk. en-gb.
  6. Web site: Isotoma fluviatilis (R.Br.) F.Muell. ex Benth.. Atlas of Living Australia. 29 July 2017. Global Biodiversity Information Facility.