Isle of Man TT explained

Isle of Man Tourist Trophy
Region Isle of Man
Course Isle of Man TT Mountain Circuit
Type Public road course
Clerk of the courseGary Thompson MBE BEM
Event organiserACU Events Ltd
Principal sponsorIsle of Man Department for Enterprise
History
First race1907
Number of race meetings103 (up to 2024)
First winnerRem Fowler (1907)
Most winsMichael Dunlop 29 (2007–present)Joey Dunlop 26(1977–2000)
Lap recordPeter Hickman 16m 36.114s – 136.358mph (2023)https://iom-tt-races.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/2023-06-09-RL360+Superstock+TT+Race+2+-+9th+June+2023-Superstock-result.pdf
The Isle of Man TT or Tourist Trophy races are an annual motorcycle racing event run on the Isle of Man in May and June of most years since its inaugural race in 1907. The event begins on the UK Spring Bank Holiday at the end of May and runs for thirteen days. It is often called one of the most dangerous racing events in the world as many competitors have died.[1]

Overview

The Isle of Man TT is run in a time-trial format on public roads closed to the public by an Act of Tynwald. The event consists of one week of practice and qualifying sessions followed by one week of racing. It was a tradition, perhaps started by racing competitors in the early 1920s, for spectators to tour the Snaefell Mountain Course on motorcycles during the Isle of Man TT on 'Mad Sunday',[2] an informal and unofficial event held on the Sunday between Practice Week and Race Week.[3] In 2022, race organizers announced that beginning in 2023, racing would take place on Sunday after practices to allow visitors to see more events, marking the end of Mad Sunday.[4] [5] The first Isle of Man TT race was held on Tuesday 28 May 1907 and was named the International Auto-Cycle Tourist Trophy.[6] The event was organised by the Auto-Cycle Club over 10 laps of the Isle of Man St John's Short Course of 15 miles 1,470 yards for road-legal 'touring' motorcycles with exhaust silencers, saddles, pedals and mudguards.

From 1911, the Isle of Man TT transferred to the much longer Snaefell Mountain Course of 37.4miles (current length 37.73miles). Its elevation goes from near sea-level to 400abbr=outNaNabbr=out.[7] The race programme developed from a single race with two classes for the 1907 Isle of Man TT, expanding in 1911 to two individual races for the 350cc Junior TT motor-cycles and the Blue Riband event the 500cc Senior TT race. The race did not take place from 1915 to 1919 due to the First World War. It resumed in 1920. A 250cc Lightweight TT race was added to the Isle of Man TT programme in 1922, followed by a Sidecar TT race in 1923.

There was no racing on the Isle of Man between 1940 and 1945 due to the Second World War. It recommenced with the Manx Grand Prix in 1946 and the Isle of Man TT in 1947, with a greatly expanded format that included the new Clubman's TT races. The Isle of Man TT became part of the FIM Motor-cycle Grand Prix World Championship (now MotoGP) as the British round of the World Motor-Cycling Championship during the period 19491976. Following safety concerns with the Snaefell Mountain Course and problems over inadequate "start-money" for competitors, there was a boycott of the Isle of Man TT races from the early 1970s by many of the leading competitors, motorcycle manufacturers and national motorcycle sporting federations.[8]

Beryl Swain became the first woman to compete in a TT race for solo motorcycles when she competed in the Isle of Man TT in 1962.[9] There was subsequently a ban on women in the race from 1962 until Hilary Musson competed in 1978.[10] [11] [12] [13]

The race is regarded as the most dangerous motorsport event in the world; The New York Times said in 2017 that the number of deaths had risen "to 146 since it was first run in 1907; if one includes fatal accidents occurring during the Manx Grand Prix ... the figure rises above 250".[14] [15] An account of the 2003 race by Sports Illustrated writer Franz Lidz called the TT "a test of nerves and speed that may be sports' most dangerous event."[16]

In 1976, the Isle of Man TT lost its world championship status; this was transferred to the United Kingdom by the FIM and run as the British Grand Prix for the 1977 season. The Isle of Man TT Races then became an integral part of the new style TT Formula 1, Formula 2 and Formula 3 World Championships between 1977 and 1990 to develop and maintain the international racing status of the Isle of Man TT races.[17]

The event was redeveloped by the Isle of Man Department of Tourism as the Isle of Man TT Festival from 1989 onwards. This included new racing events for the new Isle of Man TT Festival programme, including the Pre-TT Classic Races in 1989 followed by the Post-TT Races from 1991, both held on the Billown Circuit. In 2013, the Isle of Man Classic TT was developed by the Isle of Man Department of Economic Development and the Auto-Cycle Union for historic racing motorcycles, and along with the Manx Grand Prix, it formed part of the 'Isle of Man Festival of Motorcycling' held in late August of each year. The Classic TT brand ceased operation prior to the 2022 event, with classes for historic racing motorcycles integrated into the Manx Grand Prix. The TT is now promoted by the Isle of Man Government Department for Enterprise.

There has been criticism of the event. In 2007, an incident during the Senior Race resulted in the deaths of a rider and two spectators.[18] The resultant inquest made several recommendations and included several comments, such as: 'Senior Marshals may well have been elevated beyond the sphere of their competence'.[19] The coroner also noted that "I am more than aware of the fact that the witnesses from the Manx Motor Cycle Club and the marshals are all volunteers. They give their time freely and without paid reward. Having said that however, if it were suggested because they were volunteers there should be some allowance in the standards expected of them, then I regret I cannot agree."[20]

The 2020 and 2021 TT races were cancelled because of the COVID-19 pandemic.[21] [22]

Early Isle of Man TT race history (1904–1910)

Gordon Bennett and Tourist Trophy car races

Motor racing began on the Isle of Man in 1904 with the Gordon Bennett Eliminating Trial, restricted to touring automobiles. As the Motor Car Act 1903 placed a speed restriction of 20mph on automobiles in the UK, Julian Orde, Secretary of the Automobile Car Club of Britain and Ireland approached the authorities in the Isle of Man for the permission to race automobiles on the island's public roads.[23] The Highways (Light Locomotive) Act 1904 gave permission in the Isle of Man for the 52.15miles Highroads Course for the 1904 Gordon Bennett Eliminating Trial which was won by Clifford Earl (Napier) in 7 hours 26.5 minutes for five laps (255.5miles) of the Highroads Course. The 1905 Gordon Bennett Trial was held on 30 May 1905 and was again won by Clifford Earl driving a Napier automobile in 6 hours and 6 minutes for six laps of the Highroads Course. This was followed in September 1905 with the first Isle of Man Tourist Trophy Race for racing automobiles, now known as the RAC Tourist Trophy and was won by John Napier (Arrol-Johnston) in 6 hours and 9 minutes at an average speed of 33.9mph.[24]

International Motor-Cycle Cup Race (1905)

For the 1905 Gordon Bennett Eliminating Trial it was decided to run an eliminating trial for motorcycles the day afterwards for a team to represent Great Britain in the International Motor-Cycle Cup Races. An accident at Ramsey Hairpin forced out one of the pre-race favourites, and the inability of the competitors to climb the steep Mountain Section of the course forced the organisers to use a 25miles section of the Gordon Bennett Trial course. This ran from Douglas south to Castletown and then north to Ballacraine along the primary A3 road and returning to the start at the Quarterbridge in Douglas via Crosby and Glen Vine along the current Snaefell Mountain Course in the reverse direction. The 1905 International Motor-Cycle Cup Race for five laps (125miles) was won by J.S. Campbell (Ariel) despite a fire during a pit stop[25] in 4 hours, 9 minutes and 36 seconds at an average race speed of 30.04mph.[26]

Format of the races

The TT Races since the first race in 1907 have been in the format of time-trial. The races held on the Clypse Course during the period 1954–1959 were the more traditional full grid starts along with the 1924 Lightweight TT Race and Clubmen TT Races from 1948, which were also "mass-start" races. The current format is a "clutch start" and race competitors will be "started singly at 10-second intervals".[27]

Race procedure

Eligibility

Entrants must be in possession of a valid National Entrants or FIM Sponsors Licence for Road Racing.

Entrants must also cite pre-filled documentation of completion of a UK driving licence or motorcycle certification, or a driver's licence from a comparable country that is recognised by UK comparable department of transportation standards and may withhold due to any pre race or post race suspensions.

Race classes

Current
Former

Superbike TT

The 2015 specification for entries into the Superbike TT race are defined as:

Minimum Weight 165kg (364lb). Other machines admitted at the discretion of the Organisers[28]

Supersport TT

The 1911 Isle of Man TT was the first time the Junior TT race took place, open to 300 cc single-cylinder and 340 cc twin cylinder motorcycles, contested over five laps of the new 37.5miles Snaefell Mountain Course. The first event on the new course was the Junior TT Race contested by 35 entrants, won by Percy J. Evans riding a Humber motor-cycle at an average race speed of 41.45mph. The 1912 event was the first to limit the Junior TT to only 350 cc machines and this engine capacity prevailed until 1976, after which the category was dropped. The event was instead run for 250 cc machines until 1994 when replaced by the 600 cc Supersport class.

The 2015 specifications for entries into the Supersport TT race are:

Minimum Weight 161 kg[29]

Superstock TT

See main article: Superstock TT. The 2015 specifications for entries for the Superstock TT, an event for production based motorcycles racing with treaded road tyres, are based on the FIM Superstock Championship specifications, as follows:

Minimum (Dry) Weight 170 kg[30]

Supertwin TT

2022 saw the introduction of the supertwin race run over 3 laps on Wednesday the 8th of June, increased to 4 laps the following year. The class is very similar to the lightweight class which last ran in 2019, although with some differences. The maximum capacity has been increased to 700cc allowing the Yamaha YZF-R7 and Aprilia RS660 to compete. In 2022 bikes with capacities of 651cc+ were required to run 10 kg heavier than the 150 kg limit for the 650cc machines, but 2023 saw this changed and all bikes in the class now have a minimum weight of 150 kg.[31]

Sidecar TT

See main article: Sidecar TT.

The 1923 TT was the first time the Sidecar TT race was run, over three laps (113miles) of the Mountain Course and was won by Freddie Dixon and passenger Walter Denny with a Douglas and special banking-sidecar at an average race speed of 53.15mph. For the 1926 event the Sidecar and Ultra-Lightweight TT classes were dropped due to lack of entries.

The Sidecar race was re-introduced from the 1954 event for Sidecars not exceeding 500 cc engine capacity, run on the Clypse Course. A non-championship 750 cc class for sidecars was introduced at the 1968 event. For the 1976 event the race was held over two-legs. From 1975, the previous 500 cc and 750 cc classes for Sidecars were replaced by a 1000 cc engine capacity class.


The new FIM Formula 2 class for Sidecars was introduced for the 1990 Isle of Man TT.

The 2015 specifications for entries into the Sidecar TT race are:

Senior TT

See main article: Senior TT.

For the 1911 Isle of Man TT, the first TT event using the Snaefell Mountain Course or Mountain Course, two separate races were introduced. The first event was a four lap Junior TT race and a separate Senior TT race for 500 cc single-cylinder and 585 cc twin-cylinder motorcycles, over five laps of the new 37.5miles Snaefell Mountain Course. The new technical challenges of the Mountain Course forced changes on entrants and motorcycle manufacturers alike. The American Indian motorcycle factory fitted a two-speed gearbox and chain-drive.[32] This proved to be the winning combination when Oliver Godfrey won the 1911 Senior TT race riding an Indian at an average speed of 47.63mph. Fitted with a six-speed belt drive[33] Charlie Collier riding a Matchless motorcycle finished second in the 1911 Senior TT race and was later disqualified for illegal refuelling. During an early morning practice session for the 1911 Isle of Man TT races, Victor Surridge died after crashing his Rudge motorcycle at Glen Helen, the first death of a competitor on the Snaefell Mountain Course and the first death in the Isle of Man of a person in an automotive accident.[34]

The 2015 specifications for entries into the Senior TT race are:

Discontinued race classes

Clubman TT and Production TT

The Clubman races with Lightweight, Junior and Senior classes were held for production motorcycles from 1947 until 1956.[36] A Senior 1000 cc class provided an opportunity for Vincent motorcycles.[37] The riders were little-known, but as the stars were barred from entering the class, it provided a stepping-stone for future-stars but resulted in less spectator-interest. The series became dominated by one model – the BSA Gold Star,[38] [39] and with little competition from other manufacturers, was discontinued. When previewing the impending re-introduction of a specification-controlled, roadster-based class in March 1967, David Dixon wrote: "lack of inter-make rivalry probably put the final nail in the coffin".[40]

Writing in UK monthly magazine Motor Cyclist Illustrated, racing journalist Ray Knight, who had achieved a lap speed of nearly 88 mph on a Triumph Tiger 100 roadster-based racing motorcycle in the Manx Grand Prix,[41] [42] [43] commented in early 1965 that the ACU had refused a request from manufacturers to run a production TT race, which he thought was a missed opportunity, particularly considering the dwindling support for the 500 cc race.[44] A Production TT for roadster-based motorcycles having classes for maximum engine capacities of 250 cc, 500 cc and 750 cc was introduced from 1967 until 1976 when the class was discontinued.

The Production TT was reintroduced for the 1984 races in three classes, reduced to two classes on safety grounds for the 1990 races. For the 2005 races the Superstock class replaced the previous 1000 cc and 600 cc Production TT classes that had been part of the race schedule since 1989.

Ultra-Lightweight TT

See main article: Ultra-Lightweight TT.

Lightweight TT

See main article: Lightweight TT.

TT Zero

See main article: TT Zero.

The TT Zero was a one lap race for electric bikes running from 2010 to 2019. It was announced that the race would take a two-year break after 2019, but it never came back on the schedule since.[45]

TT course official vehicles

After the completion of a practice or race period, an official course vehicle displaying the notice Roads Open proceeds around the Mountain Course, passing each point opening the roads including side-access junctions to public use. On the Snaefell mountain road section from Ramsey to Douglas, the official vehicle displays the notice Roads Open One Way.

Travelling marshals

Originally introduced in 1935, there are eight machines positioned around the course to provide a rapid response to any incidents. Selected riders have previous race experience and are first-aid trained, with machines carrying medical equipment that can assist in managing a casualty. They also have other duties such as course inspection, observation of machines on the course for visible faults, and review and report any course incidents.[46] As of 2023, all travelling marshals rode Honda CBR1000RR Fireblades.[47]

Crossing places during practice and races

The 1982 Road Racing Act (Isle of Man) and the supplementary TT Road Races Orders allow vehicles and pedestrians to cross the Snaefell Mountain Course at certain points between scheduled race periods under the supervision of a police officer. Several permanent pedestrian overbridges have been erected. These points include:

In Douglas

Elsewhere

TT Course access road

The TT Access Road runs parallel to a section of the A1 Peel Road, which is part of the Snaefell Mountain Course, and operates during practice and race periods to enable vehicles to pass from inside of the race course to the outside. It runs along a section of former railway line on the historic Douglas to Peel route, from the junction of the A5 New Castletown Road at the Quarter Bridge, passing under the course at Braddan Bridge, to an exit at Braddan School Road in Douglas outskirts, near the former Braddan Railway Halt and the A23/Ballafletcher Road junction. The access road is a narrow, single-track width with passing places and is restricted to cars and light vans below a weight limit of 3500kg (7,700lb). When used for vehicular traffic, pedestrian access is prohibited, but at other times it is part of a system of nature trails.[48] [49]

Incidents

See also: List of Isle of Man TT Mountain Course fatalities.

Between 1907 and 2023, there have been 156 fatalities during official practices or races on the Snaefell Mountain Course, and 269 total fatalities (this number includes the riders killed during the Manx Grand Prix, and Clubman TT race series of the late 1940s/1950s).[14] [50] [51] In 2016, 5 riders died on the course during official practices or races.[52] [15] [53] There were six fatalities among competitors in the 1970 and 2022 Isle of Man TTs, making them the two deadliest years in the history of the event.[54] [55] [56]

2018 Course Car incident

On 30 May 2018, an experienced TT rider, Steve Mercer,[57] [58] was seriously injured during a head-on collision with an official Course Car at Ballacrye. The car, being driven at high speed,[59] was conveying police officers to officiate at the scene of a fatality involving Dan Kneen. Mercer was unconscious for five days and hospitalised for five months due to multiple injuries. He was one of seven riders who had been halted on the course and turned back by marshals, being instructed to proceed back to the TT Grandstand area in the reverse direction after the red flag stoppage.[60] [61] Immediately after the accident the organisers changed their protocols, requiring that returning riders must be controlled by motorcycle-mounted travelling marshals to the front and rear.[62] [63] An independent inquiry into the circumstances was arranged by ACU Events, the event organisers.[64]

The Auto-Cycle Union, the Isle of Man Department for Enterprise, and the inquiry report author, lawyer Rob Jones, a former chief executive of the Motor Sports Association, all refused to release the report as it was confidential and privately owned by the ACU.[65] [61] [66] [67]

The ACU admitted liability for the accident, but instructed that any legal claim for compensation by Mercer must be filed in the Isle of Man. The ACU stated that Mercer was receiving financial assistance through its "extensive insurance arrangements".[58] [68] [69]

In 2019, it was reported that the driver of the car in the collision had quit after criticism that he exceeded a newly introduced speed limit recorded by a GPS tracking device when he drove to attend a fatality involving Chris Swallow at Ballaugh in August's Senior Classic TT. Gary Thompson, Clerk of the Course and an ACU employee, had been criticised in 2018 for also fulfilling the role of Safety Officer; consequently a new incumbent was in place for 2019.[65] [70] [71]

Cancellations

World Wars I and II

From 1915 to 1919, and 1940 to 1946, no TT events took place, due to the outbreak of World Wars I and II.[72] Events continued from 1920 to 1939 and 1947 to 2000.

Since TT 1947, the Isle of Man TT has only been cancelled three times: 2001, 2020 and 2021, all of which were due to viral outbreaks.

2001 cancellation

The 2001 Isle of Man TT races were cancelled because of the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in the UK in the spring and summer of 2001. Disinfecting 40,000 spectators and competitors (and their motorcycles) to ensure the disease was kept off the island proved difficult.

2020 and 2021 cancellations

In March 2020, the Isle of Man Government announced the cancellation of the 2020 TT due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.[73] The Classic TT was subsequently cancelled in May,[74] and in December 2020, it was announced that 2021's TT races would also not go ahead, due to the continued worldwide spread of the virus.[75] In 2020, the Isle of Man Government lost an estimated £4.8 million of its annual projected revenue due to the cancellation of the TT races.[76]

The event returned in 2022 after a two-year absence.[77]

Total overall race winners

Updated in June 2024[78]

Po.RiderWins
1 Michael Dunlop29
2 Joey Dunlop26
3 John McGuinness23
4 Dave Molyneux17
5 Ian Hutchinson16
6 Mike Hailwood, Ben Birchall, Tom Birchall, Peter Hickman14
10 Bruce Anstey12
11 Steve Hislop, Phillip McCallen11
13 Giacomo Agostini, Robert Fisher, Stanley Woods10
16 Mick Boddice, David Jefferies, Ian Lougher, Siegfried Schauzu9
20Rick Long, Jim Moodie, Chas Mortimer, Phil Read, Dan Sayle, Charlie Williams8
26Mick Grant, Wolfgang Kalauch, Michael Rutter, Tony Rutter7
30Chas Birks, Geoff Duke, Jimmie Guthrie, Jim Redman, John Surtees6
35Alec Bennett, Nick Crowe, Robert Dunlop, Brian Reid, Carlo Ubbiali5
40Klaus Enders, Freddie Frith, Wal Handley, Trevor Ireson, Benga Johansson, Dave Leach, Ray Pickrell, Tarquinio Provini, Horst Schneider, Barry Smith, Bill Smith, Jock Taylor, John Williams, 4
53Ray Amm, Adrian Archibald, Graeme Crosby, Harold Daniell, Max Deubel, Ralf Engelhardt, Ryan Farquhar, Patrick Farrance, Carl Fogarty, Alex George, Dean Harrison, Tom Herron, Darren Hope, Emil Hörner, Alan Jackson, Tony Jefferies, Geoff Johnson, Klaus Klaffenböck, Rob McElnea, Bob McIntyre, Phil Mellor, Dave Morris, Chris Palmer, Clive Pollington, Walter Schneider, Ian Simpson, Rolf Steinhausen, Hans Strauss, Luigi Taveri, Barry Woodland3
83Fergus Anderson, Hugh Anderson, Manliff Barrington, Artie Bell, Geoff Bell, Lowry Burton, Kel Carruthers, Bernard Codd, Charlie Collier, Keith Cornbill, Mark Cox, Callum Crowe, Ryan Crowe, Steve Cull, Pat Cushnahan, Howard R Davies, Freddie Dixon, Charlie Dodson, Cameron Donald, Iain Duffus, Karl Ellison, Bob Foster, Dick Greasley, Manfred Grunwald, Hermann Hahn, Craig Hallam, Shaun Harris, John Hartle, Pete Hill, Fritz Hillebrand, Mac Hobson, Gary Hocking, John Holden, Josef Huber, Tim Hunt, Boyd Hutchinson, Bill Ivy, Gary Johnson, Alistair King, Con Law, Eddie Laycock, Ivan Lintin, Bill Lomas, Graeme McGregor, Trevor Nation, Gary Padgett, Steve Plater, Jock Porter, Nick Roche, Cecil Sandford, Dave Saville, Tom Sheard, Davey Todd, Edwin Twemlow, Malcolm Uphill, Dave Wells, Don Williams, Eric Williams, Paul Williams, Andrew Winkle, Michael Wynn2
141Steve Abbott, Dario Ambrosini, Frank A Applebee, Ivor Arber, Reg Armstrong, Kenny Arthur, Stewart Atkinson, Georg Auerbacher, Mike Aylott, Mark Baldwin, Rob Barber, W. Harry Bashall, Ian Bell, Phillip Biggs, Eric Bliss, Dieter Braun, Eric Briggs, Norman Brown, Ralph Bryans, Jimmy Buchan, Trevor Burgess, Roger Burnett, Mick Burns, Florian Camathias, Maurice Cann, Neil Carpenter, Phil Carpenter, Phil Carter, Harold Clark, Rod Coleman, Harry A Collier, Stuart Collins, Syd Crabtree, Dave Croxford, Jack Daniels, Leo Davenport, Geoff Davison, Tommy de la Hay, Ernst Degner, Walter Denny, George Douglass, Eddie Dow, Percy Evans, Helmut Fath, Jack Findlay, John Flaxman, Frank Fletcher, Rem Fowler, John Giabbard, Sid Gleave, Oliver Godfrey, Les Graham, Stuart Graham, Werner Haas, Dave Hallam, Roy Hanks, Colin Hardman, Bernard Hargreaves, Conrad Harrison, Ron Haslam, Ronnie Hazlehurst, Chris Heath, Alfred Herzig, Freddie Hicks, James Hillier, Robert Holden, Rupert Hollaus, K.J. Horstman, Clive Horton, Eric Houseley, Dennis Ireland, Mitsuo Itoh, Brian Jackson, Nick Jefferies, Doug Jewell, Lee Johnston, Paddy Johnston, Ken Kavanagh, Bob Keeler, Neil Kelly, John Kidson, Ewald Kluge, Ray Knight, David Lashmar, Monty V. Lockwood, Frank Longman, Heinz Luthringshauser, Jack Marshall, Tom Kearey, Keith Martin, Hugh Mason, Cromie McCandless, Georg Meier, Ted Mellors, Mark Miller, Derek Minter, Brian Morrison, Les Nutt, George O'Dell, Eric Oliver, Mat Oxley, Phil Palmer, Len Parker, Denis Parkinson, Graham Penny, Alex Phillip, Derek Powell, Cyril Pullin, Brian Purslow, Richard Quayle, Johnny Rea, Harry Reed, Tim Reeves, Brett Richmond, Tommy Robb, John Robinson, Mike Rogers, Nigel Rollason, Dave Roper, Gordon Russell, Fritz Scheidegger, Martyn Sharpe, Dave Simmonds, Bill Simpson, Jimmie Simpson, Shaun Smith, Cyril Taft, Omobono Tenni, Steve Tonkin, George Tucker, Kenneth Twemlow, Henry Tyrell-Smith, Chris Vincent, Terry Vinicombe, Graham Walker, Frank Whiteway, Cyril Williams, Donny Williams, Eric Stupi, Paul J. Williams, Peter Williams, Alfred Wohlgemuth, Tim Wood, Tommy Wood, Stan Woods1

FIM Motorcycle Grand Prix World Championship Rounds (1949–1976)

Race Title:Isle of Man TT
Series Long:Grand Prix motorcycle racing
Venue:Snaefell Mountain Course
First Race:1949
Last Race:1976
Most Wins Rider:Mike Hailwood (12)
Most Wins Manufacturer:MV Agusta (33)

The Isle of Man TT was part of the FIM Motorcycle Grand Prix World Championship (now MotoGP) between 1949 and 1976. During this period the Isle of Man TT Races counted as the United Kingdom round including the Sidecar TT, 50 cc Ultra-Lightweight TT, 125 cc Lightweight TT, 250 cc Lightweight TT, 350 cc Junior TT and 500 cc Senior TT races counted towards the FIM Motor-Cycle Grand Prix World Championship.

After the 1972 races, multiple world champion, 10-time TT race winner and dominant motorcycle racer of his time Giacomo Agostini announced he would never race again at the Isle of Man, declaring it too dangerous for international competition and that it was outrageous that such a race should ever be part of a scenario professional riders were forced into; at this point the Isle of Man TT was not suited to the growing professionalism and business aspects of Grand Prix motorcycle racing. More and more riders joined his boycott, and after 1976 the race was struck from the championship and replaced by the British Grand Prix.

Multiple winners (riders)

  1. Wins
RiderWins
CategoryYears won
12 Mike Hailwood500cc1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967
350cc1962, 1967
250cc1961, 1966, 1967
125cc1961
10 Giacomo Agostini500cc1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972
350cc1966, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1972
6 John Surtees500cc1956, 1958, 1959, 1960
350cc1958, 1959
Jim Redman350cc1963, 1964, 1965
250cc1963, 1964, 1965
Phil Read350cc1961
250cc1971, 1972
125cc1965, 1967, 1968
5 Geoff Duke500cc1950, 1951, 1955
350cc1951, 1952
Carlo Ubbiali250cc1956
125cc1955, 1956, 1958, 1960
4 Tarquinio Provini250cc1958, 1959
125cc1957, 1959
Chas Mortimer350cc1976
250cc1975
125cc1971, 1972
3 Ray Amm500cc1953, 1954
350cc1953
Luigi Taveri125cc1962, 1964
50cc1965
Charlie Williams350cc1975
250cc1973, 1974
2 Fergus Anderson250cc1952, 1953
Bill Lomas350cc1955
250cc1955
Cecil Sandford250cc1957
125cc1952
Bob McIntyre500cc1957
350cc1957
Gary Hocking500cc1962
250cc1960
Hugh Anderson125cc1963
50cc1964
Bill Ivy250cc1968
125cc1966
Kel Carruthers250cc1969, 1970
Tony Rutter350cc1973, 1974
Tom Herron500cc1976
250cc1976

Multiple winners (manufacturers)

  1. Wins
ManufacturerWins
CategoryYears won
33 MV Agusta500cc1956, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972
350cc1958, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1972
250cc1956, 1958, 1959, 1960
125cc1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1958, 1959, 1960
21 Yamaha500cc1974, 1976
350cc1973, 1974, 1975, 1976
250cc1968, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976
125cc1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973
18 Honda500cc1966, 1967
350cc1963, 1964, 1965, 1967
250cc1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967
125cc1961, 1962, 1964
50cc1965, 1966
12 Norton500cc1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1961
350cc1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1961
7 Moto Guzzi350cc1955, 1956
250cc1949, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955
Suzuki500cc1973
125cc1963, 1970
50cc1962, 1963, 1964, 1967
3 Mondial250cc1957
125cc1951, 1957
Gilera500cc1955, 1957
350cc1957
2 NSU250cc1954
125cc1954
Benelli250cc1950, 1969
Kawasaki500cc1975
125cc1969

By year

Year50 cc (Ultra-Lightweight TT)125 cc (Lightweight TT)250 cc (Lightweight TT)350 cc (Junior TT)500 cc (Senior TT)Report
RiderManufacturerRiderManufacturerRiderManufacturerRiderManufacturerRiderManufacturer
1976 Tom HerronYamaha Chas MortimerYamaha Tom HerronYamahaReport
1975 Chas MortimerYamaha Charlie WilliamsYamaha Mick GrantKawasakiReport
1974 Charlie WilliamsYamaha Tony RutterYamaha Phil CarpenterYamahaReport
1973 Tommy RobbYamaha Charlie WilliamsYamaha Tony RutterYamaha Jack FindlaySuzukiReport
1972 Chas MortimerYamaha Phil ReadYamaha Giacomo AgostiniMV Agusta Giacomo AgostiniMV AgustaReport
1971 Chas MortimerYamaha Phil ReadYamaha Tony JefferiesYamsel Giacomo AgostiniMV AgustaReport
1970 Dieter BraunSuzuki Kel CarruthersYamaha Giacomo AgostiniMV Agusta Giacomo AgostiniMV AgustaReport
1969 Dave SimmondsKawasaki Kel CarruthersBenelli Giacomo AgostiniMV Agusta Giacomo AgostiniMV AgustaReport
1968 Barry SmithDerbi Phil ReadYamaha Bill IvyYamaha Giacomo AgostiniMV Agusta Giacomo AgostiniMV AgustaReport
1967 Stuart GrahamSuzuki Phil ReadYamaha Mike HailwoodHonda Mike HailwoodHonda Mike HailwoodHondaReport
1966 Ralph BryansHonda Bill IvyYamaha Mike HailwoodHonda Giacomo AgostiniMV Agusta Mike HailwoodHondaReport
1965 Luigi TaveriHonda Phil ReadYamaha Jim RedmanHonda Jim RedmanHonda Mike HailwoodMV AgustaReport
1964 Hugh AndersonSuzuki Luigi TaveriHonda Jim RedmanHonda Jim RedmanHonda Mike HailwoodMV AgustaReport
1963 Mitsuo ItohSuzuki Hugh AndersonSuzuki Jim RedmanHonda Jim RedmanHonda Mike HailwoodMV AgustaReport
1962 Ernst DegnerSuzuki Luigi TaveriHonda Derek MinterHonda Mike HailwoodMV Agusta Gary HockingMV AgustaReport
1961 Mike HailwoodHonda Mike HailwoodHonda Phil ReadNorton Mike HailwoodNortonReport
1960 Carlo UbbialiMV Agusta Gary HockingMV Agusta John HartleMV Agusta John SurteesMV AgustaReport
1959 Tarquinio ProviniMV Agusta Tarquinio ProviniMV Agusta John SurteesMV Agusta John SurteesMV AgustaReport
1958 Carlo UbbialiMV Agusta Tarquinio ProviniMV Agusta John SurteesMV Agusta John SurteesMV AgustaReport
1957 Tarquinio ProviniMondial Cecil SandfordMondial Bob McIntyreGilera Bob McIntyreGileraReport
1956 Carlo UbbialiMV Agusta Carlo UbbialiMV Agusta Ken KavanaghMoto Guzzi John SurteesMV AgustaReport
1955 Carlo UbbialiMV Agusta Bill LomasMoto Guzzi Bill LomasMoto Guzzi Geoff DukeGileraReport
1954 Rupert HollausNSU Werner HaasNSU Rod ColemanAJS Ray AmmNortonReport
1953 Leslie GrahamMV Agusta Fergus AndersonMoto Guzzi Ray AmmNorton Ray AmmNortonReport
1952 Cecil SandfordMV Agusta Fergus AndersonMoto Guzzi Geoff DukeNorton Reg ArmstrongNortonReport
1951 Cromie McCandlessMondial Tommy WoodMoto Guzzi Geoff DukeNorton Geoff DukeNortonReport
1950 Dario AmbrosiniBenelli Artie BellNorton Geoff DukeNortonReport
1949 Manliff BarringtonMoto Guzzi Freddie FrithVelocette Harold DaniellNortonReport

Current lap records

CategoryRider(s)MachineTyresYearTimeAverage speedSource[79]
mphkm/h
Outright (all categories)Dunlop 2023 16:36.114 136.358mph [80]
Superbike TTPeter HickmanDunlop 2023 16:42.825 135.445mph [81]
Supersport TTDunlop 2023 17:21.604 130.403mph [82]
Lightweight TTMetzeler 2018 18:26.543 122.75mph [83]
Ultra-Lightweight TTChris Palmer Honda RS125 2004 20:20.87 110.52mph
Senior TTBMW S1000RR Dunlop 2018 16:42.778 135.452mph [84]
Superstock TTBMW M1000RR Dunlop 2023 16:36.114 136.358mph [85]
TT ZeroMugen Shinden Dunlop 2019 18:34.172 121.91mph [86]
Sidecar TTHonda CBR Sidecar Avon 2023 18:45.850 120.645mph [87]

Current race records

CategoryLapsRider(s)MachineTyresYearRace timeAverage speed
mphkm/h
Superstock TT3 Peter HickmanBMW S1000RR202350:48:301133.676215.085 https://iom-tt-races.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/2023-06-09-RL360+Superstock+TT+Race+2+-+9th+June+2023-Superstock-result.pdf
4BMW S1000RR Dunlop 2018 01:08:49.976 131.553mph
Superbike TT 6 BMW S1000RR Dunlop 2023 01:43:01.855 131.832mph
Supersport TT42023 01:10:50.234 127.831mph[88]
Supertwin TT4Paton 650 Metzeler 2018 01:15:05.032 120.601mph
Lightweight TT3Ivan Lintin Kawasaki ER650 Metzeler 2015 57:06.070 118.936mph[89]
Senior TT6BMW S1000RR 2018 01:43:08.065 131.7mph
4John McGuinnessHonda CBR1000RR Dunlop 2015 01:09:23.903 130.481mph
TT Zero1Mugen Shinden 2019 18:34.172 121.91mph
Sidecar TT3Honda CBR Sidecar Avon 2023 56:41.815 119.816mph

10 fastest newcomers

Rider(s)MachineYearAverage speed
mphkm/h
1Glenn IrwinHonda 2022 129.85mph
2Peter HickmanBMW 2014 129.104mph
3Suzuki 2018 128.379mph
4Nathan Harrison[90] Honda 2022 128.087206.136
5Josh BrookesSuzuki 2013 127.726mph
6Ryan Cringle[91] Honda 2023 126.096202.932
7Steve PlaterYamaha 2007 125.808mph
8Simon AndrewsBMW 2011 125.134mph
9Keith Amor Honda 2007 124.856mph
10Horst Saiger Kawasaki 2013 123.846mph

Race awards

Most Meritorious Female Competitor – The Susan Jenness Trophy is awarded yearly by the Executive Committee of the TT Supporters' Club, in recognition of the "most meritorious performance by a female competitor" during the previous TT meeting. The award has not been awarded since 2019.

Rider(s)Race CategoryYear
solo competitor 2010
Fiona Baker-Milligan as passenger, Sidecar 600 cc 2011[92]
Debbie Baron as driver, Ireson Kawasaki Sidecar 600 cc 2012[93]
Estelle Leblond as driver, Sidecar 600 cc 2013[94]
Estelle Leblond as driver, Sidecar 600 cc 2014[95]
Fiona Baker-Milligan as passenger, Sidecar 600 cc 2015[96]
Maria Costellosolo competitor 2016[97]
Estelle Leblond & Melanie Farnier Sidecar 600 cc 2017[98]
Julie Canipa as passenger, Sidecar 600 cc 2018[99]
Maria Costellosolo competitor2019[100]

Video games

There have been numerous video games based on the Isle of Man TT; the first was the 1995 Sega arcade game Manx TT Super Bike, which was later ported to the Sega Saturn in 1997.[101] Several other games have followed since, including Suzuki TT Superbikes (2005), TT Superbikes: Real Road Racing Championship and TT Superbikes Legends (both 2008), all of which were released exclusively for the PlayStation 2, and developed by Jester Interactive.

Bigben Interactive has since revived the TT game license, releasing TT Isle Of Man: Ride on the Edge in 2018 and two sequels in 2020 and 2023.[102] [103] [104]

Connected events

The Ramsey Sprint has been run since 1978 and is one of the biggest events during the TT race festival. The Sprint is run along the 1 km long Mooragh Promenade. The music festival Sprintfest is also held in the same town, Ramsey, on the weekend between practice week and race week.

See also

Notes

References

External links

54.1672°N -4.4789°W

Notes and References

  1. The Manx Experience. A Souvenir Guide to the Isle of Man. page 66-67 Gordon N.Kniverton 8th edition The Manx Experience (1987) Mannin Publishing Ltd
  2. Isle of Man Examiner page 2 12 November 1921
  3. Here Is the News: A Chronicle of the 20th Century, Volume 1 page 78 Gordon N.Kniverton & Terry Cringle Manx Heritage Foundation (1999) The Manx Experience
  4. Web site: 2022-06-06 . The last Mad Sunday: major changes due for 2023 TT . 2024-02-02 . Isle of Man.
  5. Web site: 2023-05-29 . TT schedule and road closures . 2024-02-02 . Isle of Man.
  6. Official Programme – International Auto-Cycle Tourist Trophy 28 May 1907 pages 1–3 The Auto-Cycle Club (1907). Reproduction (2007) Isle of Man Post Office
  7. Web site: Everything You Need To Know About: The Isle of Man TT. Tim. Huber. RideApart.com.
  8. Motor-Cycle pages 1 & 6 14 June 1972
  9. https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/beryl-swain-m0jp9wpvdwq Beryl Swain The first woman solo motorcyclist to finish in a TT race
  10. "Will Beryl race on the Island again?" Motorcycle News, 27 Feb 1963, p.9. Accessed 13 April 2024.
  11. https://www.bbc.co.uk/isleofman/content/articles/2008/01/17/swain_feature.shtml Goddess of the Gas Pedals
  12. http://www.ttwebsite.com/ladies/profiles/hmusson/index.htm Female Rider Profiles on the Isle of Man TT Website – Hilary Musson
  13. "First Lady. Hilary Musson and Yamaha". Motorcycle Sport, August 1978, p.302, p.310. Accessed 16 September 2022
  14. News: Take a Lap in the World's Most Dangerous Race. KEH . ANDREW . New York Times. 26 October 2017. 7 June 2017 .
  15. Web site: Two fatalities in a single day rock the 2016 Isle of Man TT. DeGroot . Nick . Motorsport.com. 7 February 2017. 5 June 2016 .
  16. 38 Miles of Terror - Every year riders roar around the Isle of Man in the Tourist Trophy, a test of nerves and speed that may be sports' most dangerous event . Lidz . Franz . Sports Illustrated - Vault . 8 September 2003 .
  17. Isle of Man's Big 3 Race Events : The Spectator Guide. TT (Tourist Trophy), Festival of Motorcycling (incorporating Manx Grand Prix), Southern 100 page 43 Trevor Barret (2014) Lily Publication
  18. Web site: 3 Dead After 2017 Isle of Man TT Crashes: Lambert, Hoek, Bonner. 7 June 2017. Ultimate Motorcycling.
  19. Web site: Isle of Man Judgments Online. RAMSBOTHAM and JACOB and KENZIG, part 2 . Isle of Man Courts. CORONER OF INQUESTS. 20 March 2008 .
  20. Web site: Isle of Man Judgments Online. RAMSBOTHAM and JACOB and KENZIG, part 1 . Isle of Man Courts. CORONER OF INQUESTS . 20 March 2008 .
  21. News: Coronavirus: Isle of Man cancels TT races amid virus outbreak. BBC News. 16 March 2020.
  22. Web site: 2021 TT Festival: Covid-19 fears force Manx government to cancel event . BBC Sport . 20 January 2021 . 30 November 2020.
  23. Island Racer 2004 pp 112–113 Mortons Media Group Ltd.
  24. TT Pioneers – Early Car Racing in the Isle of Man by Robert Kelly p68 The Manx Experience (1996) The Alden Press ISBN No 1 873120 61 3
  25. The Motor Cycle pp545 dated 19 June 1905
  26. Island Racer 2003 p89 Mortons Media Group Ltd
  27. 2015 International Tourist Trophy Regulations page 22 ACU Events Isle of Man Limited (2015) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development
  28. 2015 International Tourist Trophy Regulations ACU Events Isle of Man Limited page 5 and page 58 Appendix A
  29. 2015 International Tourist Trophy Regulations page 2 & Appendix C ACU Events Isle of Man Limited
  30. International Tourist Trophy Regulations 2015 page 5/Appendix D page 34 ACU Events (Isle of Man) Limited (2015) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development
  31. Web site: Technical Director Dave Hagen explains the Technical Tweaks for the 2023 Isle of Man TT Races . 2023-06-11 . www.iomttraces.com . en.
  32. News: Simon. Patterson. THE COMPLETE BEGINNER'S GUIDE TO THE 2023 ISLE OF MAN TT . 13 March 2024 . The Race . 29 May 2023 . en.
  33. Motocourse History of the Isle of Man TT Races 1907–1989 page 18-19 and 23 (Mick Woollett Technical Notes) Nick Harris © Hazelton Securities Ltd (1990) Graficas Esatalla SA
  34. TT Topics and Tales by David Wright – Amulree Publications (4 April 2006)
  35. 2010 International Tourist Trophy Regulations page 2 ACU Events Isle of Man Limited
  36. http://www.iomtt.com/TT-Database/Events.aspx?meet_code=TT47%20%20&era=2 1947 TT races, overview
  37. http://www.iomtt.com/TT-Database/Events/Races.aspx?meet_code=TT50&race_seq=1 1950 Clubman TT 1000 cc class results
  38. http://www.iomtt.com/TT-Database/Events/Races.aspx?meet_code=TT56&race_seq=2 1956 Clubman TT Junior class results
  39. http://www.iomtt.com/TT-Database/Events/Races.aspx?meet_code=TT56&race_seq=1 1956 Clubman TT Senior class results
  40. [The Motor Cycle|''Motor Cycle'']
  41. http://www.manxgrandprix.org/Mountain-Course-Database/Events/Races.aspx?meet_code=MGP63&race_seq=2 1963 Senior race results, Competitor Ray Knight, Hughes Triumph
  42. http://www.manxgrandprix.org/Mountain-Course-Database/Events/Races.aspx?meet_code=MGP64&race_seq=3 1964 Senior race results, Competitor Ray Knight, Hughes Triumph
  43. http://www.iomtt.com/TT-Database/competitors.aspx?ride_id=2459&filter=K Ray Knight, Competitor Profile
  44. Motor Cyclist Illustrated, January 1965, p.41 More Production racing. Accessed 19 October 2015
  45. Web site: 2023-06-07 . Will TT Zero class ever return? . 2023-11-23 . Isle of Man.
  46. https://www.iomtt.com/news/2013/05/29/yamaha-keep-travelling-marshals-on-road-and-track Yamaha keep travelling marshals on Road and Track
  47. Web site: 2023-06-09 . Travelling Marshals play a vital role . 2023-08-29 . www.iomttraces.com . en.
  48. http://www.iomtt.com/~/media/Files/2016/Downloads/RoadNotificationFile.pdf TT roads closure notice 2016
  49. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecr1zE6P5BA TVIM, 28 August 2013
  50. News: World's fastest way to die: Motorbike race that's killed 246. News.com.au. 2 July 2015.
  51. Web site: 3 Riders Killed in Separate Incidents at 2017 Isle Of Man TT. Brown . Aaron . The Drive. 13 June 2017. 7 June 2017 .
  52. News: Two more motorcyclists killed at Isle of Man TT races. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/11/two-more-motorcyclists-killed-at-isle-of-man-tt-races/// . 12 January 2022 . subscription . live. The Telegraph . 20 February 2017. 11 June 2016.
  53. News: 2016 Isle of Man TT Recap – Winners & Fatalities. Lieback . Ron . Ultimate MotorCycling. 7 February 2017. 13 June 2016 .
  54. News: World's fastest way to die: The most dangerous race on the planet . news.com.au . 20 February 2017 .
  55. News: Two more deaths take Isle of Man TT Festival toll to five . express.co.uk . 20 February 2017 .
  56. News: After deadliest year, how do you make 2023 Isle of Man TT safer? . en-GB . BBC Sport . 2023-11-21.
  57. https://www.iomtt.com/tt-database/events/races?meet_code=ALL&ride_id=9863 Race results, Steve Mercer
  58. https://www.autosport.com/tt/news/142853/tt-outlines-changes-after-course-car-incident Isle of Man TT outlines changes after Mercer course car collision
  59. https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/motorsport/46454504 Isle of Man TT 2018: Injured Steve Mercer thanks fans for support
  60. https://www.newsletter.co.uk/sport/motorcycling/stricken-isle-of-man-tt-racer-steve-mercer-says-it-can-t-end-like-this-1-8884236 Stricken Isle of Man TT racer Steve Mercer says 'it can't end like this'
  61. https://www.bikesportnews.com/news/news-detail/mercer-crash-report-still-unavailable-one-year-on Mercer crash report still unavailable one year on
  62. News: What we know so far about Mercer's crash. Adrian. Derbyshire. 6 June 2018. 26 January 2020. Isle of Man Today. Tindle Newspapers Ltd. 25 February 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210225030111/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/article.cfm?id=41016&headline=What%20we%20know%20so%20far%20about%20Mercer%27s%20crash&sectionIs=news&searchyear=2018. dead.
  63. News: Red flag procedure with immediate effect. . 31 May 2018. Isle of Man Today.
  64. News: TT 2018: Ex-Motorsport Association chief will lead independent inquiry into Steve Mercer incident. Kyle. White. The News Letter. 19 June 2018.
  65. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-isle-of-man-46467588 TT organisers refuse to reveal contents of serious crash investigation
  66. https://www.newsletter.co.uk/sport/motorcycling/steve-mercer-denied-access-to-official-report-into-head-on-collision-at-isle-of-man-tt-1-8875467 Steve Mercer denied access to official report into head-on collision at Isle of Man TT
  67. http://www.iomtoday.co.im/article.cfm?id=47676&headline=They%20won%27t%20even%20tell%20Mercer%20what%20went%20wrong&sectionIs=news&searchyear=2019 They won't even tell Mercer what went wrong
  68. https://www.newsletter.co.uk/sport/motorcycling/steve-mercer-s-compensation-claim-in-wake-of-tt-course-car-crash-must-be-heard-in-isle-of-man-1-9053069 Steve Mercer's compensation claim in wake of TT course car crash 'must be heard in Isle of Man'
  69. https://www.acu.org.uk/News/2019/04/ACU-TT-Statement/ ACU TT Statement
  70. https://www.bikesportnews.com/news/news-detail/tt-bosses-outline-safety-changes-following-mercer-crash TT bosses outline safety changes following Mercer crash
  71. http://www.iomtoday.co.im/article.cfm?id=50633&headline=ACU%20official%20stands%20down%20in%20tracker%20row&sectionIs=news&searchyear=2019 ACU official stands down in tracker row
  72. Web site: Meetings - iomtt.com: The World's #1 TT Website. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20210416044158/https://www.iomtt.com/tt-database/events?meet_code=TT01%20%20&era=. 2021-04-16.
  73. Web site: Isle of Man Government announce cancellation of 2020 TT Races - iomtt.com: The World's #1 TT Website. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20200316235253/https://www.iomtt.com/news/2020/03/16/tt-2020-cancelled. 2020-03-16.
  74. Web site: Classic TT 2020 cancelled - iomtt.com: The World's #1 TT Website. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20200815014234/https://www.iomtt.com/news/2020/05/04/classic-tt-2020-cancelled. 2020-08-15.
  75. Web site: IOM Government statement: TT 2021 cancellation - iomtt.com: The World's #1 TT Website. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20201204191947/https://www.iomtt.com/news/2020/12/04/tt-2021-cancellation. 2020-12-04.
  76. https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/motor-racing/isle-man-tt-2020-cancelled-coronavirus-cost-a9441166.html The true cost of cancelling the Isle of Man TT goes far beyond losing racing's ultimate adrenaline rush
  77. Web site: Provisional TT 2022 schedule confirmed - iomtt.com: The World's #1 TT Website. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20210304153727/https://www.iomtt.com/news/2021/03/04/tt-2022. 2021-03-04.
  78. Web site: Database . 2023-08-30 . www.iomttraces.com . en.
  79. Records reported are lap times achieved during races only. Except where otherwise noted, sourcing in this table is from the IOMTT.COM website: title=IOM TT: Current Isle of Man TT Lap Records
  80. News: 2 June 2018 . Isle of Man TT results: Peter Hickman becomes the world's fastest rider with record-breaking Senior TT victory . Isle of Man TT . Duke Marketing Limited . 3 June 2018 . Peter Hickman produces an astonishing record final lap to win the Senior TT at the Isle of Man TT to pip race-long leader Dean Harrison in one of the closest races ever seen..
  81. Web site: RST Superbike TT – Result Sheet. PPDF. Isle of Man TT. Duke Marketing Limited. 2 June 2018. 3 June 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143955/https://www.iomtt.com/~/media/Files/2018/Results/race/0206/RST-Superbike-Result-Sheet.pdf. 12 June 2018. live.
  82. Web site: Isle of Man TT Races Live Timing .
  83. Web site: Bennetts Lightweight TT – Result Sheet. Isle of Man TT. Duke Marketing Limited. 8 June 2018. 8 June 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143942/https://www.iomtt.com/~/media/Files/2018/Results/race/0606/Bennetts-Lightweight-result-sheet.pdf. 12 June 2018. live.
  84. News: PokerStars Senior TT. Isle of Man TT. Duke Marketing Ltd.. 8 June 2018. 8 June 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142340/https://www.iomtt.com/~/media/Files/2018/Results/race/0806/PokerStars-Senior-TT-result.pdf. 12 June 2018. live.
  85. Web site: 4 June 2018 . RL360 Superstock TT – Result Sheet . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20181228223405/https://www.iomtt.com/~/media/Files/2018/Results/race/0406/RL360-Superstock-Result-Sheet.pdf . 28 December 2018 . 4 June 2018 . Isle of Man TT . Duke Marketing Limited.
  86. Web site: Excellent stuff by @michaelrutter_ with a win at 121.9mph and @jm130tt 2nd at over 120mph and a top speed of 176mph o Sulby straight. 6 June 2019.
  87. Web site: Locate.im Sidecar TT 2. Isle of Man TT. Duke Marketing Limited. 8 June 2018. 8 June 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143605/https://www.iomtt.com/~/media/Files/2018/Results/race/0806/0806-sidecar-result-sheet.pdf. 12 June 2018. live.
  88. Web site: Monster Energy Supersport TT 2 – Result Sheet. Monster Energy. 8 June 2018. 8 June 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20190223131819/https://www.iomtt.com/~/media/Files/2018/Results/race/0606/0606-monster-energy-supersport-2-results.pdf. 23 February 2019. live.
  89. Web site: 2015 Bennetts Lightweight TT results . IOMTT.COM . https://web.archive.org/web/20150615150820/http://www.iomtt.com/~/media/Files/2015/Race-results/Bennetts-Lightweight-TT/result%20bennetts%20lightweight.pdf . 15 June 2015 . live .
  90. Web site: White . Kyle . 18 January 2023 . Rising Manx prospect Nathan Harrison joins John McGuinness at Honda for 2023 . 11 June 2023 . NewsLetter.
  91. Web site: Isle Of Man TT Races. RL360 Superstock TT Race 2 - 9th June 2023 - Lap by Lap. 9 June 2023. 14 November 2023.
  92. TT News Race Edition #2 2012 page 20 Isle of Man Newspapers Ltd (2012) Bridson & Horrox Ltd
  93. TT Supporters Club Magazine – Winter 2012 page 15 (2012) TT Supporters Club
  94. TT News Race Edition #3 2014 page 23 Isle of Man Newspapers Ltd (2014) Bridson & Horrox Ltd
  95. TT Supporters Club Magazine – Summer 2015 page 10 (2015) TT Supporters Club
  96. TT Supporters Club Magazine – Winter 2015 page 13 (2015) TT Supporters Club
  97. TT Supporters Club Magazine – Winter 2016 page 22 (2016) TT Supporters Club
  98. TT Supporters Club Magazine – Summer 2018 page 17 (2018) TT Supporters Club
  99. TT News Issue One 2019 page 27 25 May 2019 Isle of Man Newspapers Ltd (2019) Bridson & Horrox Ltd
  100. Web site: Rial . Stevie . Costello MBE Receives Susan Jenness Trophy Accolade – Road Racing News . 2023-08-28 . en-US.
  101. Web site: Manx TT Super Bike Review.
  102. Web site: Review: 'TT Isle of Man–Ride on the Edge 2' is Your Ticket to the Race Canceled by Coronavirus. Forbes.
  103. Web site: The Isle of Man TT is Coming to Your Game Room.
  104. Web site: Noah . Steve . 2023-04-28 . TT Isle of Man: Ride on the Edge 3 Video - Davey Todd Shares His Experience . 2023-08-29 . Operation Sports . en-US.