List of Islamic political parties explained

Below are lists of political parties espousing Islamic identity or political Islam in various approaches under the system of Islamic democracy. Islamic democracy refers to a political ideology that seeks to apply Islamic principles to public policy within a democratic framework. Lists are categorized by the ideological affiliation and sorted by the country of origin.

Islamic democratic centrist, liberal, moderate, and progressive

This is a list of political parties espousing Islam as its main identity without principal adherence to the particular ideology of political Islam, or taking a theological position of wasat which advocates for politico-religious centrism, Islamic democracy, Third Way, progressivism and liberalism.

Country	Logo	Name	Abbr.	Leader	Founded	Ideology	Lower House
Bangladesh		Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami Bengali: বাংলাদেশ জামায়াতে ইসলামী	BJI	Shafiqur Rahman	1975	Islamism Bangladeshi nationalism	Jatiya Sangsad
Bosnia and Herzegovina		Party of Democratic Action Bosnian: Stranka demokratske akcije	SDA	Bakir Izetbegović	26 May 1990	Bosniak nationalism Conservatism^[1] Pro-Europeanism^[2] Islamism Big tent	House of Representatives
		Indian Union Muslim League Hindi: इण्डियन यूनियन मुस्लिम लीग	IUML	K. M. Kader Mohideen	10 March 1948	Social conservatism Centrism	House of the People
		All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen Hindi: ऑल इंडिया मजलिस-ए-इत्तेहादुल मुस्लिमीन	AIMIM	Asaduddin Owaisi	12 November 1927	Secularism Social Justice	House of the People
		All India United Democratic Front Hindi: सर्व भारत संयुक्त गणतांत्रिक मोर्चा	AIUDF	Badruddin Ajmal	2 October 2005	National Inclusiveness Minority rights	House of the People
		Indian Secular Front Hindi: भारतीय धर्मनिरपेक्ष मोर्चा	ISF	Abbas Siddiqui	21 January 2021	Minority rights	House of the People
Indonesia		National Awakening Party Indonesian: Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa	PKB	Muhaimin Iskandar	9 July 1998	Pancasila Pluralism Nationalism Islamic democracy Islamic liberalism	People's Representative Council
		National Mandate Party Indonesian: Partai Amanat Nasional	PAN	Zulkifli Hasan	23 August 1998	Islamic democracy Religious nationalism^[3] Pancasila	People's Representative Council
Iraq		Kurdistan Justice Group Kurdish: كۆمەڵی دادگەری كوردستان	KJP	Ali Bapir	2001	Islamic democracy Kurdish nationalism Social Justice	Council of Representatives
Jordan		Islamic Centrist Party Arabic: حزب الوسط الاسلامي	ICS	Madalla al-Tarawneh	December 2001	Islamic democracy Arab nationalism Centrism	House of Representatives:
Libya		National Forces Alliance Arabic: تحالف القوى الوطنية	NFA	Salaheddin El Bishari	2012	Libyan nationalism^[4] Islamic democracy^[5] Big tent^[6] Economic Liberalism	General National Congress
Malaysia		United Malays National Organisation^[7] Malay: ڤرتوبوهن كبڠساءن ملايو برساتو	UMNO	Ahmad Zahid Hamidi	11 May 1946	Ketuanan Melayu Malay nationalism National conservatism	House of Representatives:
		National Trust Party (Malaysia) Malay: ڤرتي أمانه نڬارا	AMANAH	Mohamad Sabu	16 September 2015	Social justice Progressivism Islamic modernism Islamic democracy	House of Representatives:
Maldives		Maldivian Democratic Party Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian: ދިވެހިރައްޔިތުންގެ ޑިމޮކްރެޓިކް ޕާޓީ	MDP	Mohamed Nasheed	10 November 2003	Liberal conservatism Islamic democracy Parliamentarism Environmentalism	People's Majlis
		People's National Congress Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian: ޕީޕަލްސް ނެޝަނަލް ކޮންގްރެސް	PNC	Dr. Mohamed Muizzu	31 January 2019	Conservatism Religious nationalism	People's Majlis
Pakistan		Jamaat-e-Islami (Pakistan) Urdu: جماعتِ اسلامی	JI	Hafiz Naeem ur Rehman	30 November 1967	Pan-Islamism Islamic democracy Anti communism	National Assembly
Philippines		Lakas–CMD Tamil: Lakas–Demokratang Kristiyano at Muslim	LCMD	Martin Romualdez	1991	Islamic democracy Liberal conservatism Filipino nationalism Federalism Parliamentarism Centrism Conservatism
Rwanda		Ideal Democratic Party Tamil: Parti Démocratique Idéal	PDI	Mussa Harerimana	1992	Islamic democracy Centrism	Chamber of Deputies:
Sri Lanka		Sri Lanka Muslim Congress Sinhala; Sinhalese: ශ්‍රී ලංකා මුස්ලිම් කොංග්‍රසය Tamil: ஸ்ரீலங்கா முஸ்லீம் காங்கிரஸ்	SLMC	Rauff Hakeem	1981	Muslim minority politics	Parliament of Sri Lanka
Tunisia		Ennahda Arabic: حركة النهضة	Enhada	Rached Ghannouchi	1981	Social conservatism Economic liberalism Islamic democracy
		New Welfare Party Turkish: Yeniden Refah Partisi	YENİDEN REFAH	Fatih Erbakan	20 July 2001	Milli Görüş Religious Nationalism Islamism	Grand National Assembly:
		Felicity Party Turkish: Saadet Partisi	SAADET	Temel Karamollaoğlu	23 November 2018	Milli Görüş Conservatism Social conservatism Islamic fundamentalism	Grand National Assembly:
		Future Party Turkish: Gelecek Partisi	GP	Ahmet Davutoğlu	2019	Conservatism Liberal conservatism Conservative liberalism Economic liberalism Pro-Europeanism	Grand National Assembly:
		Justice and Development Party Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi	AK PARTİ	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	14 August 2001	Conservatism^[8] Social conservatism^[9] National conservatism^[10] Right-wing populism Neo-Ottomanism Illiberalism Economic nationalism Erdoğanism Euroscepticism	Grand National Assembly

Banned parties

• National Islamic Movement of Afghanistan^[11]

• Islamic Iran Participation Front

Non-legislature notable parties

Algeria

• Islamic Renaissance Movement (part of Green Algeria Alliance)
• Movement for Democracy in Algeria

Bahrain

• Al-Menbar Islamic Society

Bangladesh

• Bangladesh Islami Front
• Islami Oikya Jote
• Bangladesh Congress

Egypt

• Al-Wasat Party

India

• Peace Party of India

Indonesia

• Crescent Star Party
• Gelora Party

• Union of Islamic Iran People Party
• Moderation and Development Party

Iraq

• Islamic Action Organisation
• Islamic Dawa Party (part of National Iraqi Alliance)
• Islamic Fayli Grouping in Iraq
• Islamic Labour Movement in Iraq
• Islamic Union of Iraqi Turkoman

Philippines

• Bangsamoro Party
• Moro Islamic Liberation Front
• Moro National Liberation Front
• United Bangsamoro Justice Party

Islamist

Sunni

This is a list of political parties espousing Sunni Islamism as its main ideology.

Country	Logo	Name	Abbr.	Leader	Founded	Ideology	Lower House
Algeria		Movement of Society for Peace Arabic: حركة مجتمع السلم	Hamas	Abderrazak Makri	6 December 1990	Sunni Islamism Islamic democracy Social conservatism Economic liberalism^[12]	People's National Assembly
		National Construction Movement Arabic: حركة مجتمع السلم	NCM	Abdelkader Bengrina	March 2013	Islamic democracy Algerian nationalism	People's National Assembly
		Justice and Development Front Arabic: جبهة العدالة والتنمية	JDF	Abdallah Djaballah	2011	Islamic democracy Algerian nationalism	People's National Assembly
Indonesia		Prosperous Justice Party Indonesian: Partai Keadilan Sejahtera	PKS	Ahmad Syaikhu	20 July 1998	Pancasila Islamism^[13] Islamic fundamentalism^[14] Social conservatism	People's Representative Council
		United Development Party Indonesian: Partai Persatuan Pembangunan	PPP	Muhamad Mardiono	5 January 1973	Pan-Islamism Pancasila Conservatism	People's Representative Council
Iraq		Iraqi Islamic Party الحزب الاسلامي العراقي	IIP	Rashid al-Azzawi	26 April 1960	Islamic democracy Qutbism	Council of Representatives of Iraq
		Kurdistan Islamic Union Yekgirtuy Islami Kurdistan	KIU	Salaheddine Bahaaeddin	1994	Islamic democracy Kurdish nationalism	Council of Representatives of Iraq Kurdistan Parliament
		Uniters for Reform Coalition Arabic: الحراك الشعبي في العراق	Muttahidoon	Usama al-Nujayfi	December 2012	Regionalism Islamic democracy Populism	Council of Representatives of Iraq
Jordan		Islamic Action Front Arabic: جبهة العمل الإسلامي	IAF	Hamza Mansour	1992	Islamism Islamic democracy	House of Representatives:
		National Congress Party (Zamzam) Arabic: حزب المؤتمر الوطني	Zamzam Arabic: زمزم	Rheil Gharaibeh	2016	Islamism Islamic democracy	House of Representatives:
Lebanon		Islamic Group الجماعة الإسلامية	JI	Azzam Al-Ayyoubi	1964	Sunni Islamism Pan-Islamism Social conservatism	Lebanese Parliament:
Libya		Justice and Construction Party حزب العدالة والبناء	JCP	Emad al-Banani	3 March 2012	Islamic democracy Islamism	General National Congress
Malaysia		Malaysian Islamic Party Malay: Parti Islam Se-Malaysia	PAS	Abdul Hadi Awang	24 November 1951	Islamism Islamic conservatism Islamic fundamentalism Jihadism^[15] Pan-Islamism Shariaism	House of Representatives:
Maldives		Jumhooree Party Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian: ޖުމްހޫރީ ޕާޓީ	JP	Qasim Ibrahim	26 May 2008	Islamic democracy Nationalism Social conservatism	People's Majlis
		Progressive Party of Maldives Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian: ޕްރޮގްރެސިވް ޕާރޓީ އޮފް މޯލްޑިވްސް	PPM	Vacant	17 October 2011	Islamism Social conservatism Maldivian nationalism	People's Majlis
		People's National Congress ޕީޕަލްސް ނެޝެނަލް ކޮންގްރެސް	PNC	Mohamed Muizzu^[16]	31 January 2019	Conservatism Islamism	People's Majlis
		Maldives Development Alliance Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian: މޯލްޑިވްސް ޑިވެލޮޕްމަންޓް އެލަޔަންސް	MDA	Ahmed Shiyam Mohamed	20 December 2012	Economic liberalism Political Islam	People's Majlis
Mauritania		National Rally for Reform and Development Arabic: التجمع الوطني للإصلاح و التنمية	RNRD	Mohamed Jemil Ould Mansour	2007	Sunni Islamism Islamic democracy Religious conservatism	National Assembly
Morocco		Justice and Development Party^[17] French: Parti de la justice et du développement	JDPPJD	Saadeddine Othmani	1967	Islamic democracy Social conservatism Conservatism Moroccan nationalism	House of Representatives
Pakistan
		Jamiat Ulema-e Islam (F) Urdu: {{nq|جمیعت علماءِ اسلام	JUI	Maulana Fazl-ur-Rehman	1945	Islamism Social conservatism Religious nationalism Religious conservatism	National Assembly:
		Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan Urdu: جماعتِ اسلامی	JIP	Siraj ul Haq	26 August 1941	Islamism Islamic revivalism Social conservatism Pan-Islamism Islamic democracy Anti-capitalism Anti-communism Anti-liberalism	National Assembly:Sindh Assembly:
		Islamic Resistance Movement حركة المقاومة الإسلامية	Hamas	Ismail Haniyeh	December 10, 1987	Palestinian nationalism Islamism Religious nationalism Anti-Zionism	Legislative Council
		Somaliland National Party Xisbiga Waddani	Waddani	Hersi Ali Haji Hassan	2012	Nationalism Populism Islamic democracy	House of Representatives
Turkey		Felicity Party Saadet Partisi	SAADET	Temel Karamollaoğlu	20 July 2001	Millî Görüş Islamism Social conservatism Religious nationalism	Grand National Assembly:
		Great Unity Party Büyük Birlik Partisi	BBP	Mustafa Destici	29 January 1993	Turkish Islamonationalism Sunni Islamism Turkish ultranationalism Social conservatism	Grand National Assembly:
		New Welfare Party Yeniden Refah Partisi	YRP	Fatih Erbakan	23 November 2018	Millî Görüş Islamic fundamentalism Turkish nationalism Anti-feminism Neo Ottomanism Russophilia	Grand National Assembly:

Banned Sunni parties:

Afghanistan

• Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin
• Hezb-i Islami Khalis
• Jamiat-e Islami
• Islamic Dawah Organisation of Afghanistan

Algeria

• Islamic Salvation Front

Indonesia

• Masyumi Party

Tajikistan

• Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan

Turkey

• National Order Party
• Virtue Party
• Welfare Party

Uzbekistan

• ^[18]

Non-legislature notable Sunni parties

Algeria

• Movement for National Reform

Bangladesh

• Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami
• Islamic Front Bangladesh
• Bangladesh Islami Front
• Islami Andolan Bangladesh

Egypt

• Freedom and Justice Party
• Building and Development Party
• Islamic Party

Indonesia

• Ummah Party

Kuwait

• Hadas

Lebanon

• Islamic Labor Front
• Islamic Unification Movement
• Hizb ut-Tahrir, Najjadeh Party

Libya

• Homeland Party

Maldives

• Adhaalath Party

Pakistan

• Jamiat Ahle Hadith

• Muslim Brotherhood of Syria

Turkey

• Free Cause Party

Defunct notable Sunni parties

China —

• Committee for National Revolution

Indonesia

• Indonesian People's Da'wah Party
• Masyumi Party

Turkey

• National Development Party
• National Salvation Party

Maldives

• Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party
• Islamic Democratic Party

Shia

This is a list of political parties espousing Shia Islamism as its main ideology.

Country	Logo	Name	Abbr.	Leader	Founded	Ideology	Lower House
Iraq		Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq Arabic: المجلس الأعلى الإسلامي العراقي	ISCI	Humam Hamoudi	1982	Sistanism Shia Islamism Islamic democracy Decentralization Iraqi nationalism	Council of Representatives of Iraq
		Islamic Dawa Party Arabic: حزب الدعوة الاسلامية	IDP	Hashim Al-Mosawy	1998	Shia Islamism Clericalism Islamic fundamentalism	Council of Representatives of Iraq
		Islamic Virtue Party Arabic: ائتلاف الفتح‎	IVP	Ammar Tu'ma Abd-Abbas	1991	Islamism Anti-Zionism	Council of Representatives of Iraq
		State of Law Coalition Arabic: إئتلاف دولة القانون	SLC	Nouri al-Maliki	2009	Populism Big tent Anti-secularism Statism Anti-corruption	Council of Representatives of Iraq
		Fatah Alliance Arabic: ائتلاف الفتح‎	Fatah	Hadi Al-Amiri	2018	Shia Islamism Big tent Pro-Iran Anti-secularism Anti-corruption Factions: Anti-Americanism Anti-Zionism Vilayat-e Faqih	Council of Representatives of Iraq
Kuwait		National Islamic Alliance Arabic: التحالف الوطني الإسلامي	NIA	Adnan Zahid Abdulsamad	1988	Islamism	National Assembly
Lebanon		Hezbollah Arabic: حزب الله	Hezbollah	Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah	1985	Islamic nationalism Pan-Islamism Anti-Zionism Anti-imperialism Shia Jihad Khomeinism Anti-West Antisemitism	Parliament:

Banned Shia parties

Afghanistan

• Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan
• People's Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan
• Islamic Movement of Afghanistan
• National Islamic Unity Party
• Islamic Movement of Afghanistan
• National Solidarity Party

• People's Mujahedin of Iran

Non-legislature notable Shia parties

Bahrain

• Bahrain Freedom Movement
• Islamic Action Society

Belgium

• ISLAM

Kuwait

• Justice and Peace Alliance

Lebanon

• Free Shia Movement
• Union of Muslim Ulama

• Alliance of Builders of Islamic Iran
• Islamic Coalition Party

Iraq

• National Iraqi Alliance
• Al-Muwatin
• Al-Sadiqoun Bloc
• Ataa Movement
• Eradaa Movement
• Hezbollah Movement in Iraq
• Islamic Action Organisation
• Islamic Fayli Grouping in Iraq
• Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq
• National Reform Trend

Pakistan

• Tehrik-e-Jafaria

Defunct notable Shia parties

Azerbaijan

• Islamic Party of Azerbaijan

Bahrain

• Al Wefaq
• Islamic Action Society

Salafist

This is a list of political parties espousing Salafism as its main ideology.

Country	Logo	Name	Abbr.	Leader	Founded	Ideology	Lower House
Bahrain		Al Asalah Arabic: جمعية الأصالة الإسلامية	AIS	Ghanim Al-Buaneen	5 June 2002	Salafism Islamism	Council of Representatives
Egypt		Al-Nour Party Arabic: حزب النور	NP	Younes Makhioun^[19]	12 May 2011	Salafism Islamism Wahhabism Madkhalism	House of Representatives
Pakistan		Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal Urdu: متحدہ مجلسِ عمل	MMA	Fazl-ur-Rahman	2002	Islamism Conservatism Social conservatism	National Assembly:
Yemen		Al-Islah التجمع اليمني للإصلاح	YCR	Abdullah ibn Husayn al-Ahmar	13 September 1990	Sunni Islamism Salafism Tribalism	House of Representatives

Banned Salafist parties

Afghanistan

• Islamic Dawah Organisation of Afghanistan

Non-legislature Salafist parties

Egypt

• Al Ansar Party, People Party

Maldives

• Adhaalath Party

Tunisia

• Justice and Development Party

Defunct Salafist parties

• Young Kashgar Party

Sufism and Ash'arism

Country	Logo	Name	Abbr.	Leader	Founded	Ideology	Lower House
Bangladesh		Bangladesh Tarikat Federation Bengali: বাংলাদেশ তরিকত ফেডারেশন	BTF	Syed Nazibul Bashar Maizvandary	2005	Secularism Islamic democracy Conservatism Economic liberalism	House of the Nation
Lebanon		The Association of Islamic Charitable Projects (Al-Ahbash) Arabic: جمعية المشاريع الخيرية الإسلامية	AICP	Shaykh Hussam Qaraqira	1983	Religious pluralism Islamic neo-traditionalism Apolitical Anti-Salafi	Parliament:
Sudan		National Congress Party Arabic: المؤتمر الوطني	NCP	Omar al-Bashir	1998	Islamism Arab nationalism Sufism Social conservatism Authoritarianism Militarism Anti-Americanism Anti-Zionism Right-wing populism	National Assembly:

Non-legislature parties

Egypt – Egyptian Liberation Party, Victory Party, Voice of Freedom Party, Egyptian Liberation Party^[20]

Islamic socialist

This is a list of political parties espousing Islamic Socialism as its main ideology.

Country	Logo	Name	Abbr.	Leader	Founded	Ideology	Lower House
Pakistan		Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen Urdu: مجلس وحدتِ مسلمین	MWM	Allama Raja Nasir Abbas	2 August 2009	Islamic democracy Islamic socialism Shi'a–Sunni unity	Gilgit-Baltistan Assembly
		Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf^[21] Urdu: پاکستان تحريکِ انصاف	PTI	Imran Khan	25 April 1996	Islamic democracy Islamic socialism Welfare state Populism Environmentalism Social justice Civic nationalism	National Assembly:

Banned socialist parties

Libya

• Libyan Popular National Movement

Non-legislature socialist parties

Bangladesh

• Bangladesh Freedom Party

Egypt

• Egyptian Arab Socialist Party
• Egyptian Islamic Labour Party
• Egyptian Liberation Party
• Social Justice Party
• Umma Party
• Young Egypt Party

Pakistan

• Qaumi Watan Party

Sudan

• Islamic Socialist Party

Defunct socialist parties

Indonesia

• Indonesian Islamic Party
• Indonesian Islamic Union Party

• Office for the Cooperation of the People with the President

Mauritania

• Mauritanian People's Party

• Muslim Socialist Committee of Kazan

Somalia

• Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party

• Socialist Cooperation Party

See also

• Islamic democracy
• Political aspects of Islam
• Islam Yes, Islamic Party No

Notes and References

1. Web site: 2020-02-07. Stav SDA o novoj metodologiji proširenja Evropske unije. 2021-10-20. N1. bs-BA.
2. Web site: 2018-02-28. Three party centrist politics. 2022-07-15. N1. bs-ENG.
3. Web site: Putri . Zunita . PAN Tegaskan Beda dengan Partai Ummat: Kami Nasionalis Religius . 2021-10-20. detiknews. id.
4. Web site: 2012-07-17. Lebanon news - NOW Lebanon -Libya makes us rethink the Islamists' sway. 2021-10-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20120717192947/http://www.nowlebanon.com/NewsArticleDetails.aspx?ID=417700&MID=0&PID=0. 2012-07-17.
5. Web site: Party Profile: The National Forces Alliance. 2021-10-20. Libya Herald. July 2012 . en-US.
6. Web site: 2012-07-12. Neither liberal nor Islamist: Who are Libya's frontrunners? (+video) - CSMonitor.com. The Christian Science Monitor. 2021-10-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20120712043402/http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2012/0709/Neither-liberal-nor-Islamist-Who-are-Libya-s-frontrunners-video. 2012-07-12.
7. UMNO Online. UMNO's Constitution: Foundation and Goals. From: Web site: UMNO Online - Perlembagaan. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120229132114/http://umno-online.com/?page_id=2787. 2012-02-29. 2013-01-05.
8. News: 2019-04-01. Erdogan faces serious setbacks in Turkish local elections. en-CA. The Toronto Star. 2021-10-21. 0319-0781.
9. News: 2007-07-08. AKP yet to win over wary business elite. Financial Times. 2021-10-21.
10. Book: Yavuz, M. Hakan. Secularism and Muslim democracy in Turkey. 2009. Cambridge, UK ; New York : Cambridge University Press. Library Genesis. 978-0-521-88878-3.
11. Web site: Gul . Ayaz . Taliban Ban Afghan Political Parties, Citing Sharia Violations . Voice of America . 2023-12-13 . 16 August 2023.
12. Book: Boubekeur, Amel. Political Islam in Algeria. 2007. 978-92-9079-721-0. 836565973.
13. Book: Machmudi . Yon . Islamising Indonesia: The Rise of Jemaah Tarbiyah and the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) . Islam in Southeast Asia . 2008 . ANU Press . 10.22459/II.11.2008 . 9781921536243 . free.
14. Ideologi dan Partai Politik: Menakar Ideologi Politik Marhaenisme di PDIP, Sosialisme Demokrasi di PSI dan Islam Fundamentalisme di PKS. Geraldy. Galang. Politicon: Jurnal Ilmu Politik. 2019. 1. 2. 134–157. Neliti.com. 10.15575/politicon.v1i2.6268. 213924604. 2022-07-01 . free.
15. News: 2014-09-15. Malaysian Islamist's death sparks sympathy in country, including from former party PAS. en. The Straits Times. 2021-10-21. 0585-3923.
16. Web site: Party Leaders . 25 March 2024 . People's National Congress.
17. Web site: Hamzawy. Amr. July 2008. Party for Justice and Development in Morocco: Participation and Its Discontents. 30 November 2011. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
18. Book: Olcott, Martha Brill . In the Whirlwind of Jihad . 2012 . 192 . Brookings Institution Press . 978-0-87003-259-2.
19. Web site: Egypt's Salafist Nour Party elects new leader - Politics - Egypt. 2021-10-21. Ahram Online.
20. Web site: 2012-10-03. Muslim Political Parties Islamopedia Online. 2021-10-22. https://web.archive.org/web/20121003022141/http://www.islamopediaonline.org/country-profile/egypt/muslim-political-parties. 2012-10-03.
21. Sidrah Moiz Khan "Pakistan's creation pointless if it fails to become Islamic welfare state" "Imran Khan said on Wednesday that Pakistan’s creation had been pointless if the country fails to become an Islamic welfare state" 27 June 2012.