| Islamic Republican Party | |
| Native Name: | حزب جمهوری اسلامی |
| Leader1 Title: | Historic leader |
| Leader1 Name: | Ruhollah Khomeini |
| Founders: | Ali Khamenei Mohammad Beheshti[1] |
| Foundation: | [2] |
| Headquarters: | Tehran, Iran |
| Newspaper: | Jomhouri-e Eslami[3] |
| Wing1: | Revolutionary Guards[4] |
| Wing2 Title: | Trade union |
| Wing2: | Workers' House |
| Ideology: | Khomeinism[5] |
| Slogan: | "One nation, one religion, one order, one leader" |
| Membership: | 2.5 million (1979) |
| Religion: | Shia Islam |
| Position: | Big tent |
| Affiliation1 Title: | Electoral alliance |
| Affiliation1: | Islamic Coalition (1979)[8] Grand Coalition (1980)[9] |
| Country: | Iran |
The Islamic Republican Party (IRP; fa|حزب جمهوری اسلامی|Ḥezb-e Jomhūrī-e Eslāmī, also translated Islamic Republic Party) was formed in 1979 to assist the Iranian Revolution and Ayatollah Khomeini in their goal to establish theocracy in Iran. It was disbanded in 1987 due to internal conflicts.
The party was formed just two weeks following the revolution upon the request of Ayatollah Khomeini. Five cofounders of the party were Mohammad Javad Bahonar, Mohammad Beheshti, Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Ali Khamenei, and Abdolkarim Mousavi-Ardabili.[1] Early members of the central committee of the party, in addition to founding members, were Hassan Ayat, Asadollah Badamchiyan, Abdullah Jasbi, Mir Hossein Mousavi, Habibollah Askar Oladi, Sayyed Mahmoud Kashani, Mahdi Araghi, and Ali Derakhshan. The party had three general secretaries: Beheshti, Bahonar and Khamenei.
The party has been said to be distinguished by "its strong clerical component, its loyalty to Khomeini, its strong animosity to the liberal political movements, and its tendency to support the revolutionary organizations", such as the komiteh. Policies it supported included the state takeover of large capital enterprises, the establishment of an Islamic cultural and university system, and programs to assist the poor.[10] These revolutionary ayatollahs originally used the party to form a monopoly over the post-revolutionary theocratic Iranian state. In its struggle with civilian opponents, the party made use of its ties to the Revolutionary Guards and Hezbollah.
| Name | Tenure | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mohammad Beheshti | 1979–1981 | ||
| Mohammad Javad Bahonar | 1981 | ||
| Ali Khamenei | 1981–1987 |
In the late 1980s, factionalism in the IRP intensified, the major issues being the Iran-Iraq War, whether to open up to foreign countries or remain isolated, and economic policies. Because all rival parties had been banned, the party "did almost nothing and had little incentive to."[11] According to Ahmad Mneisi,
"While unanimous on the idea of a theological state and united under the umbrella of one party, the Islamic Republican Party (IRP), [the religious right] differed on a number of issues, such as the extent to which religion is to take hold of political life (the Velayat-e Faqih debate).[12]
Daniel Brumberg argued that it was in response to the dispute between president Ali Khamenei and popular prime Minister Mir-Hossein Mousavi that the IRP was dissolved as the Islamic Republican Party served "as a stronghold of radical activism", supporting Mousavi.[13] Another report states that it was dissolved in May 1987 due to internal conflicts,[1] [14] and the party was disbanded upon joint proposal of Rafsanjani and then party leader Khameini on 2 May 1987 when their proposal was endorsed by Khomeini.[15]
The party held its first congress in May 1983 and the members elected the 30-members central council as follows:[16]
| Member (faction) | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani (R) | 647 | |
| 2 | Ali Khamenei (R) | 646 | |
| 3 | Mohammad Mehdi Rabbani Amlashi (R) | 637 | |
| 4 | Mohammad Ali Movahedi Kermani (R) | 634 | |
| 5 | Ali Akbar Velayati (R) | 624 | |
| 6 | Abbas Vaez Tabasi (R) | 623 | |
| 7 | Ali Akbar Nategh Nouri (R) | 612 | |
| 8 | Ali Akbar Parvaresh (R) | 589 | |
| 9 | Abbas Sheibani (R) | 579 | |
| 10 | Mohamma Reza Beheshti (L) | 578 | |
| 11 | Ghorbanali Dorri-Najafabadi (R) | 574 | |
| 12 | Masih Mohajeri (L) | 570 | |
| 13 | Hassan Ghafourifard (R) | 550 | |
| 14 | Mir-Hossein Mousavi (L) | 554 | |
| 15 | Habibollah Asgaroladi (R) | 542 |
| Member (faction) | Votes | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 16 | Mohsen Doagou Feizabaadi (R) | 500 | |
| 17 | Abolghasem Sarhaddizadeh (L) | 499 | |
| 18 | Gholamhossein Sharifkhani | 460 | |
| 19 | Mohammad Reza Bahonar (R) | 453 | |
| 20 | Asadollah Lajevardi (R) | 430 | |
| 21 | Asadollah Badamchian (R) | 428 | |
| 22 | Javad Mansouri (L) | 414 | |
| 23 | Reza Zavare'i (R) | 410 | |
| 24 | Abdollah Jassbi (R) | 375 | |
| 25 | Morteza Nabavi (R) | 372 | |
| 26 | Saeed Amani (R) | 310 | |
| 27 | Mohieddin Fazel Harandi (R) | 276 | |
| 28 | Mostafa Mir-Salim (R) | 260 | |
| 29 | Mohammad-Hossein Asgharnia | 231 | |
| 30 | Javad Eje'i (L) | 223 |
The following organizations formed an alliance with the party:[17]
| Election | Main candidate | Votes | % | Result | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| align:left | 1980 | Hassan Habibi | 674,859 | 3.35 | 3rd | |
| align:left | 1981, July | Mohammad-Ali Rajai | 12,779,050 | 87.69 | 1st | |
| align:left | 1981, October | Ali Khamenei | 16,007,072 | 95.01 | 1st | |
| align:left | 1985 | Ali Khamenei | 12,203,870 | 87.90 | 1st |
| Election | Party leader | Seats | +/– | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980 | Mohammad Beheshti | 1st | ||
| Ali Khamenei | 45 | 1st | ||