Iris unguicularis explained

Iris unguicularis (syn. Iris stylosa), the Algerian iris, is a rhizomatous flowering plant in the genus Iris, native to Greece, Turkey, Western Syria, and Tunisia. It grows to, with grassy evergreen leaves, producing pale lilac or purple flowers with a central band of yellow on the falls. The flowers appear in winter and early spring. They are fragrant, with pronounced perianth tubes up to 20cm (10inches) long.[1] [2]

This plant is widely cultivated in temperate regions, and numerous cultivars have been selected for garden use, including a slightly more tender white form 'Alba', and a dwarf variety I. unguicularis subsp. cretensis. The cultivar 'Mary Barnard'[3] has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[4]

Chemistry

In 2013, a chemical analysis study was carried on Iris loczyi and Iris unguicularis as both plants are known as medicinally important.[5] [6] The rhizome of Iris unguicularis contains 1,3-O-diferuloylsucrose, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxychromone, irilone, 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavanone, tectorigenin, kaempferol, 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-3′,8-dimethoxyflavanone, 8-methoxyeriodictyol, hispidulin and mangiferin.[7]

Notes and References

  1. Book: RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. 2008. Dorling Kindersley. United Kingdom. 978-1405332965. 1136.
  2. Web site: AGS Plant Encyclopaedia - Iris unguicularis. Alpine Garden Society. 20 May 2013.
  3. Web site: RHS Plant Selector - Iris unguicularis 'Mary Barnard'. Royal Horticultural Society . 20 February 2020.
  4. Web site: AGM Plants - Ornamental . July 2017 . 55 . Royal Horticultural Society . 13 March 2018.
  5. Mosihuzzmana . Mohmmed . Naheedb . Suad . Hareema . Sumaira . Taliba . Sumaira . Abbasc . Ghulam . Khana . Shamsun Nahar . Choudharya . Muhammad Iqbal . Sener . Bilge . Tareene . Rasool Baksh . Israra . Mudassir . 27 February 2013 . Studies on α-glucosidase inhibition and anti-glycation potential of Iris loczyi and Iris unguicularis . Life Sciences . Elsevier . 92 . 3 . 187–192 . 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.11.022. 23270944 .
  6. Q. Ashton Acton
  7. New and Known Constituents from Iris unguicularis and Their Antioxidant Activity. Atta-ur-Rahman, Sumaira Hareem, M. Iqbal Choudhary, Bilge Sener, Ahmed Abbaskhan, Hina Siddiqui, Shazia Anjum, Ilkay Orhan, Ilhan Gurbuz and Filiz Ayanoglu, HeteroCycles, 2010, Special issue, Vol 82, No. 1, pages 813-824,

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