International rankings of Hong Kong explained

The following are international rankings of Hong Kong by categories.

Note: For rankings with negative connotations, the orders are inverted such that the best country/regions are always ranked "1st".

Overall

Overall Rankings!Name!Year!Place!Out of #!Reference!Remarks
United Nations - Human Development Index2019&4189http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/2019-human-development-index-ranking Norway 1, Singapore 9, S.Korea 22, Japan 19, M.China 85
EIUGlobal Liveability Ranking2019&38&140https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/southeast-asia/article/3025652/hong-kong-edges-out-singapore-liveability-survey-osaka-andVienna 1, Osaka 4, Tokyo 7, Singapore 40
Mercer – Quality of Living Survey2019&71&231https://mobilityexchange.mercer.com/Insights/quality-of-living-rankingsVienna 1, Singapore 25, Tokyo 49, Seoul 77, Shanghai 103
MonocleQuality of Life Survey2016&18&25+https://monocle.com/film/affairs/top-25-cities-2016/Tokyo 1, Singapore 20
The Economist - Where-to-be-born Index2013&1080https://www.economist.com/news/21566430-where-be-born-2013-lottery-lifeSingapore 6, S.Korea 19, Japan 25, M.China 49
Legatum Prosperity Index2019&15&167https://www.prosperity.com/rankingsDenmark 1, Singapore 16, Japan 19, China 57
Arcadis - Sustainable Cities Index2019&9&100https://www.arcadis.com/en/global/our-perspectives/sustainable-cities-index-2018/citizen-centric-cities/Singapore 4, Seoul 13, Tokyo 33, Shanghai 76
IESE - Cities in Motion Index2019&11&174https://media.iese.edu/research/pdfs/ST-0509-E.pdfTokyo 6, Singapore 7, Seoul 12, Shanghai 59

Economy

See also: Economy of Hong Kong.

Economic Rankings!Name!Year!Place!Out of #!Reference!Remarks
International Labour Organization – Average monthly earnings (PPP)2012&30&72https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-17543356 Singapore 14, S.Korea 10, Japan 17, M.China 57
International Finance Corporation/World BankEase of Doing Business Index2020&3&189https://www.doingbusiness.org/en/rankingsSingapore 2, S.Korea 5, Taiwan 15, China 31
CIA The World FactbookExports2017&10225https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004048/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2078rank.html
CIA The World FactbookImports2013&8222https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004658/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2087rank.html
World Bank - GDP per Capita (current US$)2012&27214http://databank.worldbank.org/data/
World Bank - GNI per Capita, PPP (current Intl$)2012&12184http://databank.worldbank.org/data/
IMF – Official Reserve Assets2014 Jan&6&75http://www.imf.org/external/np/sta/ir/IRProcessWeb/topic.aspx
WEFGlobal Competitiveness Index2015-2016&7140http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2015-2016/competitiveness-rankings/Singapore 2, S.Korea 26, Japan 6, M.China 28
WEFGlobal Enabling Trade Index2014&2138http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalEnablingTrade_Report_2014.pdf
IMDWorld Competitiveness Yearbook2020563https://www.imd.org/globalassets/wcc/docs/2020/wcc-site/one-year-change-vertical.pdfSingapore 1, S.Korea 23, Japan 34, M.China 20
Wall Street Journal / The Heritage FoundationIndex of Economic Freedom2016&1&178http://www.heritage.org/index/rankingSingapore 2, S.Korea 27, Japan 22, M.China 144
MIT - Economic Complexity Index2014&40&144https://web.archive.org/web/20151114101436/http://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/rankings/country/Singapore 8, S.Korea 6, Japan 1, M.China 37
PwC/World Bank - Overall Paying Taxes2014&4&189https://web.archive.org/web/20140401215432/http://doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Special-Reports/Paying-Taxes-2014.pdf
Grant Thornton - Global Dynamism Index2013&16&60https://web.archive.org/web/20140729015000/http://gti.org/thinking/gdi/2013.asp
FedEx Opportunity Index - Access Index® Rank2008&1&109https://web.archive.org/web/20130929214446/http://about.van.fedex.com/sites/default/files/exec_sum_2008.pdf
McKinsey - Connectedness Index2012&2131http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/globalization/global_flows_in_a_digital_age
EIU - Digital economy rankings2010&770http://graphics.eiu.com/upload/EIU_Digital_economy_rankings_2010_FINAL_WEB.pdf

Business and Industry

Business and Industry Rankings!Name!Year!Place!Out of #!Reference!Remarks
EIU – Business Environment Rankings2014-2018&3&82http://globalindex11.bsa.org/country-table/Singapore 1, S.Korea 26, Japan 27, M.China 50
Forbes - Best Countries for Business201511145https://www.forbes.com/best-countries-for-business/list/Singapore 8, Japan 23, S.Korea 33, M.China 94
World Tourism Organization - World Tourism rankings2014 May&14193https://web.archive.org/web/20070715194634/http://www.unwto.org/facts/eng/barometer.htm
WEFFinancial Development Index2012&162http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_FinancialDevelopmentReport_2012.pdf
WEF - Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report2013&15140https://web.archive.org/web/20080305181333/http://www.weforum.org/en/initiatives/gcp/TravelandTourismReport/index.htm
EIUIT industry competitiveness index2011&19&66http://globalindex11.bsa.org/country-table/Singapore 3, S.Korea 19, Japan 16, M.China 38
World Bank - Logistics Performance Index2014&15&160http://lpi.worldbank.org/international/global

Education

See also: Education in Hong Kong.

Education Rankings!Name!Year!Place!Out of #!Reference!Remark
OECD Programme for International Student Assessment - Maths
2012&365http://www.oecd.org/pisa/keyfindings/pisa-2012-results-overview.pdfSingapore 2, S.Korea 5, Japan 7, Shanghai 1
2009&365http://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisaproducts/46619703.pdf
2006&357https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115213/http://browse.oecdbookshop.org/oecd/pdfs/free/9807011e.pdf
OECD Programme for International Student Assessment - Reading
2012&265http://www.oecd.org/pisa/keyfindings/pisa-2012-results-overview.pdfSingapore 3, S.Korea 5, Japan 4, Shanghai 1
2009&465http://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisaproducts/46619703.pdf
2006&357https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115213/http://browse.oecdbookshop.org/oecd/pdfs/free/9807011e.pdf
OECD Programme for International Student Assessment - Science
2012&265http://www.oecd.org/pisa/keyfindings/pisa-2012-results-overview.pdfSingapore 3, S.Korea 7, Japan 4, Shanghai 1
2009&365http://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisaproducts/46619703.pdf
2006&357https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115213/http://browse.oecdbookshop.org/oecd/pdfs/free/9807011e.pdf
OECD Programme for International Student Assessment - Problem Solving
2012&565http://www.oecd.org/pisa/keyfindings/pisa-2012-results-volume-v.htmSingapore 1, S.Korea 2, Japan 3, Shanghai 6

Environment

See also: Environment of Hong Kong.

Environmental Rankings!Name!Year!Place!Out of #!Reference!Remarks
South Pacific Applied Geoscience CommissionEnvironmental Vulnerability Index2004&128234http://islands.unep.ch/EVI%202004%20Technical%20Report.pdf
New Economics FoundationHappy Planet Index2016&123140Child care leave applicationSingapore n/a, S Korea 80, Japan 58, China 72

Health & Safety

Health & Safety Rankings!Name!Year!Place!Out of #!Reference!Remarks
WHO - Infant mortality (1=lowest)2005-2010&1193http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Excel-Data/mortality.htm
WHO - Life expectancy (1=highest)2005-2010&1193http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Excel-Data/mortality.htm
UNODC - Intentional homicide rate2012 or latest data available&6219http://www.unodc.org/documents/gsh/data/GSH2013_Homicide_count_and_rate.xlsx
The Economist - Safe Cities Index2015&1150https://web.archive.org/web/20150221095618/http://safecities.economist.com/whitepapers/safe-cities-index-white-paper/Singapore 2, Seoul 24, Tokyo 1, Shanghai 30

Infrastructure

See also: Transport in Hong Kong.

Infrastructure Rankings!Name!Year!Place!Out of #!Reference!Remark
Mercer - Cities with the best infrastructure2014&650[1]
Airports Council International, Airport Service Quality Awards - Asia Pacific2013&below 575http://www.aci.aero/Airport-Service-Quality/ASQ-Awards/2013-Winners
Skytrax, World Airport Award2014&4410+https://web.archive.org/web/20130803061329/http://www.worldairportawards.com/Awards_2012/Airport2012.htm
Skytrax, World Airlines Awards2014&1 (Cathay Pacific)100+https://web.archive.org/web/20110604005151/http://www.worldairlineawards.com/Awards-2010/Airline2010.htm
The World Factbook – Number of Heliports2013&24115https://web.archive.org/web/20070613005613/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2019.html
The World Factbook - Expressway density2012 (for HK)&194222https://web.archive.org/web/20070613005613/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2019.html
United Nations - ICT Development Index2015&11167http://www.itu.int/net4/ITU-D/idi/2015/#S.Korea 1, Japan 11, Singapore 19, M.China 82
Akamai TechnologiesInternet connection speed2013&4188+http://www.akamai.com/dl/akamai/akamai-soti-q413.pdf?WT.mc_id=soti_Q413
Google - Smartphone penetration2012&847http://think.withgoogle.com/mobileplanet/en/
WEF - Networked Readiness Index2014&8148http://www3.weforum.org/docs/GITR/2014/GITR_OverallRanking_2014.pdf

Innovation

Innovation Rankings!Name!Year!Place!Out of #!Reference!Remark
Global Open Data Index - Overview 2016&2394https://index.okfn.org/place/ Singapore 16, Japan 13
World Intellectual Property Indicators - Patents by origin (residents & abroad)2014&38122http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/wipi/index.htmlSingapore 26, M.China 1, Japan 3, S.Korea 4
World Intellectual Property Indicators - Patents by origin (residents only)2014&5997http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/wipi/index.htmlSingapore 30, M.China 1, Japan 3, S.Korea 4
World Intellectual Property Indicators - Trademarks by origin (residents & abroad)2014&22122http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/wipi/index.htmlSingapore 34, M.China 1, Japan 5, S.Korea 10
World Intellectual Property Indicators - Trademarks by origin (residents only)2014&2395http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/wipi/index.htmlSingapore 49, M.China 1, Japan 7, S.Korea 9
World Intellectual Property Indicators - Designs by origin (residents & abroad)2014&25125http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/wipi/index.htmlSingapore 33, M.China 1, Japan 7, S.Korea 3
World Intellectual Property Indicators - Designs by origin (residents only)2014&3193http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/wipi/index.htmlSingapore 44, M.China 1, Japan 6, S.Korea 3
World Intellectual Property Indicators - Resident application design counts per population2014&1520+http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/wipi/index.htmlSingapore 19, M.China 20+, Japan 16, S.Korea 1
Bloomberg Innovation Index2015&3450https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2015-innovative-countries/
The Boston Consulting Group - International Innovation Index2009&6110http://www.themanufacturinginstitute.org/~/media/6731673D21A64259B081AC8E083AE091.ashx
Cornell University, INSEAD and WIPO - Global Innovation Index2014&10142https://web.archive.org/web/20130705203006/http://www.globalinnovationindex.org/content.aspx?page=data-analysis
World Bank - Research and development spending as % of GDPMost recent value&44123http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS/countries?display=defaultS.Korea 2, Japan 3, M.China 16, Singapore 17
HackerRank - Which Country Has the Best Developers2016&1750http://blog.hackerrank.com/which-country-would-win-in-the-programming-olympics/M.China 1, Japan 6, Singapore 13, S.Korea 22

Governance

See also: Government of Hong Kong.

Governance Rankings!Name!Year!Place!Out of #!Reference!Remark
Transparency InternationalBribe Payers Index2011&1528https://web.archive.org/web/20130502091347/http://bpi.transparency.org/bpi2011/results/
World Justice Project – Rule of Law Index2014&16102http://worldjusticeproject.org/publication/rule-law-index-reports/rule-law-index-2015-reportSingapore 9, M.China 71, Japan 13, S.Korea 11
The Economist Intelligence UnitDemocracy Index2015&63167https://web.archive.org/web/20150103104154/https://portoncv.gov.cv/dhub/porton.por_global.open_file?p_doc_id=1034
Reporters without BordersWorld Press Freedom Index2014&&70180https://rsf.org/en/hong-kongSingapore 153, M.China 176, Japan 61, S.Korea 60
Property Rights Alliance – International Property Rights Index2013&&14130https://web.archive.org/web/20140222034304/http://internationalpropertyrightsindex.org/ranking
Transparency InternationalCorruption Perception Index2013&&15177http://cpi.transparency.org/cpi2013/results/
Wasada IAC – Joint E-Government Ranking2014&&2661http://www.e-gov.waseda.ac.jp/pdf/2014_E-Gov_Press_Release.pdfSingapore 2, S.Korea 3, Japan 5, M.China 39

Society

See also: Demographics of Hong Kong and Hong Kongers.

Social Rankings!Name!Year!Place!Out of #!Reference!Remark
The World Factbook - Distribution of Family Income (Gini Index)2011 for HK&129 (1=lowest)141https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2172rank.html Singapore 110, S.Korea 30, Japan 66, M.China 115
Gallup – Potential Net Migration Index (Asia Pacific)2010-2012&10 (1 meaning highest potential immigration)&28http://www.gallup.com/poll/166796/potential-net-migration-index-declines-countries.aspxSingapore 3, S.Korea 18, Japan 15, M.China 12
Walk Free Foundation - Global Slavery Index2013&22&162http://www.globalslaveryindex.org/
United Nations - World Happiness Report202281&157http://worldhappiness.report/Singapore 27, Japan 54, S.Korea 59, M.China 72
Charities Aid Foundation - World Giving Index2012&19&145https://www.cafonline.org/PDF/WorldGivingIndex2012WEB.pdf

Rankings by Years

The following are international rankings of Hong Kong by years.

Date Contest Host organisation Ranking Note
2002 and 2006National IQ Rankings[2] 1/185 countries Controversial
2001–05World's Best Airports [3] 1/155 countries
2006 6th Annual Global e-Government Study (Brown University)[4] Global e-Government 20/198 countries
Annual Worldwide Press Freedom Index 2006[5] 59/168 countries
Corruption Perceptions Index[6] 15/163 countries
World Competitiveness Yearbook 2006[7] 2/61 economies Economies include those of countries and regions
World City's Skyline/Skyscrapers[8] Emporis Data Committee (EDC) 1/100 major cities Cities ranked by the visual impact of their skylines
Global Competitiveness Report - Growth Competitiveness Index Ranking[9] 11/125 countries
World's Best Airports 2/165 countries
Business Competitiveness Index - BCI [10] 10/121 countries
Human Development Index - HDI [11] 22/177 countries
Access Index (p.19)][12] FedEx

The Power of Access - 2006 Access Index

1/75 countries
2007Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index[13] 6/124 countries
Index of Economic Freedom The Heritage Foundation/The Wall Street Journal: 2008 1/157 countries Ranked 1st for 14 years in a row
Leading Centers of Commerce Web site: MasterCard study . . October 1, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110604005151/http://www.forbes.com/feeds/afx/2007/06/12/afx3810988.html . June 4, 2011 . bot: unknown . mdy-all . 5/63 countries rated 63 cities according to their legal and political framework, economic stability, ease of doing business, financial flow, business center status, and knowledge creation and information flow
World's most expensive cost-of-living Mercer Human Resource Consulting[14] 5/143 cities
World's Best Airports 1/155 countries
World Competitiveness Yearbook 2007[15] 3/55 economies The IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook 2007 analyses and ranks the ability of nations to create and maintain an environment that sustains the competitiveness of enterprises
Economist Intelligence Unit[16] 4/69 countries e-Readiness is the ability to use Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to develop one's economy and to foster one's welfare
World's best place for doing business[17] 4/178 countries Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business, from 1–178, with first place being the best. A high ranking on the ease of doing business index means the regulatory environment is conducive to the operation of business. This index averages the country's percentile rankings on 10 topics, made up of a variety of indicators, giving equal weight to each topic
Asia's best corporate governance survey[18] Asian Corporate Governance Association 1/11 countries
Global Financial Centre Index[19] City of London 3/10 cities The GFCI is a ranking of the competitiveness of financial centres based on a number of existing indices in combination with a regular survey of senior industry figures from around the world. Hong Kong ranked third behind New York and London.
IT industry competitiveness index[20] 21/64 countries Index measures a supply of skills, an innovation-friendly culture, world-class technology infrastructure, a legal regime and well-balanced government support, as well as a competition-friendly business environment. Those countries possessing most of these “competitiveness enablers” are also home to high-performance IT industries: all but four of the top 22 countries in the EIU are also among the world's top countries in terms of IT labour productivity
Asian Cities of the Future 07/08[21] Financial Time 1/38 cities
2008Capital Access Index 2007 Milken Institute 1/122 countries
Location Ranking Survey[22] ECA International 15/254 locations
World Competitiveness Yearbook[23] 3/55 economies
Mortalities Due to Air Pollution 8th[24]

Notes and References

  1. Mercer(2014), Quality-of-Living Reports
  2. http://www.rlynn.co.uk/pages/article_intelligence/t4.asp National IQs Based on the Results of Intelligence Tests
  3. Web site: World's Best Airports . Worldairportawards.com . 2014-01-28.
  4. Web site: 6th Annual Global e-Government Study (Brown University) . Brown.edu . 2006-08-01 . 2014-01-28.
  5. Web site: Annual Worldwide Press Freedom Index 2006 . Rsf.org . 2014-01-28 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090306210631/http://www.rsf.org/rubrique.php3?id_rubrique=639 . 2009-03-06 .
  6. Web site: Corruption Perceptions Index . Transparency.org . 2014-01-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110416023729/http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2006 . 2011-04-16 . dead .
  7. Web site: World Competitiveness Yearbook 2006 . Imd.ch . 2014-01-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070307173410/http://www.imd.ch/research/publications/wcy/upload/Overall%202006.pdf . 2007-03-07 . dead .
  8. Web site: Emporis Data Committee (EDC) . Emporis.com . 2014-01-28 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110604005151/http://www.forbes.com/feeds/afx/2007/06/12/afx3810988.html . 2011-06-04 .
  9. Web site: Global Competitiveness Report - Growth Competitiveness Index Ranking . 2014-01-28 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101131629/http://www.weforum.org/pdf/Global_Competitiveness_Reports/Reports/gcr_2006/gcr2006_rankings.pdf . 2013-11-01 .
  10. Web site: Business Competitiveness Index - BCI . 2014-01-28 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20130724074116/http://www.weforum.org/pdf/Global_Competitiveness_Reports/Reports/gcr_2006/BCI.pdf . 2013-07-24 .
  11. http://hdr.undp.org/hdr2006/pdfs/report/HDR06-complete.pdf Human Development Index - HDI
  12. Web site: Access Index (p.19) . 2014-01-28.
  13. Web site: Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index . Weforum.org . 2014-01-28.
  14. Web site: Mercer Human Resource Consulting . Mercerhr.com . 2014-01-28 . 2014-04-10 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140410072417/http://www.mercerhr.com/costofliving . dead .
  15. Web site: World Competitiveness Yearbook 2007 . Imd.ch . 2014-01-28.
  16. Web site: Economist Intelligence Unit . 2014-01-28.
  17. Web site: World's best place doing business . Doingbusiness.org . 2014-01-28.
  18. Web site: Asia's best corporate governance survey . . 2014-01-28 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071011061520/http://www.forbes.com/markets/feeds/afx/2007/09/25/afx4152128.html . October 11, 2007 .
  19. Web site: Global Financial Centre Index . 2020-01-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090223044053/http://213.86.34.248/NR/rdonlyres/0C0332C0-4CE5-4012-9AF7-2CF98A32E618/0/BC_RS_GFCI07_FR.pdf . 2009-02-23 . dead .
  20. http://a330.g.akamai.net/7/330/25828/20070711101329/graphics.eiu.com/upload/portal/BSA_COMPETITIVENESS_WEBrrr.pdf IT industry competitiveness Index
  21. Web site: Asian Cities of the Future 07/08 . Fdimagazine.com . 2014-01-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100809210534/http://www.fdimagazine.com/news/fullstory.php/aid/2228/Asian_Cities_of_the_Future_2007_08.html . 2010-08-09 . dead .
  22. Web site: Location Ranking Survey . Emailwire.com . 2008-03-04 . 2014-01-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140202193341/http://www.emailwire.com/release/11763-Hong-Kong-improves-on-previous-ranking-but-Singapore-still-the-best-place-for-Asians-to-live-says-ECA-International.html . 2014-02-02 . dead .
  23. http://www.tradingmarkets.com/.site/news/Stock%20News/1557927/ World Competitiveness Yearbook
  24. Web site: Press release: Hong Kong ranked 8th highest in the world for mortalities due to air pollution | Clean Air Network | Our Air, Our Health . Hongkongcan.org . 2012-02-13 . 2014-01-28.