Indonesian National Student Movement Explained

Indonesian National Student Movement
Native Name:Gerakan Mahasiswa Nasional Indonesia
Native Name Lang:id
Abbreviation:GMNI
Merger:
  • Marhaen Student Movement (GMM)
  • Independent Student Movement (GMM)
  • Indonesian Democratic Student Movement (GMDI)
Founding Location:Jakarta
Type:Extra-campus student organisation
Headquarters:Jakarta, Indonesia
Language:Indonesian
Leader Title:Chairman of the DPP (2019–2022)
Leader Name:Arjuna Putra Aldino
Leader Title2:Secretary General
Leader Name2:M. Ageng Dendy Setiawan

The Indonesian National Student Movement (Indonesian: Gerakan Mahasiswa Nasional Indonesia; abbreviated as GMNI or, according to the writing style on the emblem, GmnI) is one of the extracampus student organisations found in almost all parts of Indonesia, especially cities or regencies with universities. GMNI was established on 23 March 1954 in Surabaya (the idea was born in Jakarta). GMNI is an organisation resulting from the merger or fusion of three previously established student organisations; the Marhaen Student Movement (based in Yogyakarta), the Free Student Movement (based in Surabaya), and the Indonesian Democratic Student Movement (based in Jakarta).[1] [2] [3] [4]

Currently, the structure of the GMNI Central Leadership Council (DPP) for the 2019‒2022 period is chaired by Arjuna Putra Aldino with the secretary general M. Ageng Dendy Setiawan.[5]

History

The idea for a merger first emerged from the chairman of the Indonesian Democratic Student Movement, S.M. Hadiprabowo in September 1953. Based on the desire to unite nationalist student organisations, S.M Hadiprabowo then arranged a meeting with the leaders of the other two organisations. Hadiprabowo met Slamet Djajawidjaja, Slamet Rahardjo and Haruman from the Gerakan Mahasiswa Merdeka. He then met Wahyu Widodo, Subagio Masrukin, and Sri Sumantri from the Marhaenis Student Movement.[3] [6]

The leaders of the three organisations finally agreed to hold a meeting. The meeting was held at the official residence of the Mayor of Jakarta (equivalent to the current Governor of Jakarta), Soediro. During the meeting, the three organisations reached an agreement to fuse, both organisationally and ideologically. During the meeting, the name Gerakan Mahasiswa Nasional Indonesia (GMNI) was chosen as the name of the fused organisation, and nationalism and marhaenism were agreed to be the ideologies of GMNI. In addition to these two things, the meeting also decided that the first GMNI Congress would be held in Surabaya.

On 23 March 1954, the first GMNI Congress was held with the direct blessing of President Sukarno. The first congress appointed S.M Hadiprabowo as the first chairman of GMNI. The date was also patented as the GMNI's birthday and commemorated as dies natalis or GMNI's birthday.

Due to ideological similarities and the influence of Sukarno and nationalist political figures, the GMNI gradually became an underbow and affiliated student wing of the Indonesian National Party (PNI), the party formed and led by Soekarno.[3] However, the relationship between the PNI and GMNI was officially broken after the New Order regime implemented a party fusion policy in 1973, in which the PNI was merged with other nationalist parties into the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI).

Symbol

Form

The GMNI emblem is a shield with six corners, three at the top and three at the bottom. The top three corners represent the three precepts (trisila) of marhaenism – the ideology created by Soekarno and officially adopted by the organisation – namely Socio-nationalism, Socio-democracy, and the belief of God in multiculturalism. While the 3 corners underneath symbolise the tridharma of higher education, namely: education, research, and service.[7]

Elements

The red and white colours represent the Red and White Flag, red means courage and white means sacred, while black means firmness. The star symbolises the nobleness of ideals. The bull is a symbol of the marhaen people, which means GMNI exists to defend the marhaen people.

Notable figures

As one of the oldest student organisations in Indonesia, GMNI has also contributed to producing well-known cadres.[8] The following are some names of GMNI alumni who became national figures:

Activities

Some of the activities carried out by GMNI include demonstrations, literacy, cadreisation, and advocacy.

Bibliography

Journal

Web

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Sejarah GMNI GMNI Hukum Trisakti . 2019-08-27 . en-US.
  2. Web site: Sejarah Website DPC GMNI Surabaya . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20191002082042/https://gmnisurabaya.or.id/sejarah . 2019-10-02 . 2019-10-02 . gmnisurabaya.or.id .
  3. Book: Radjab . Syamsuddin . GMNI dan HMI dalam Politik Kekuasaan . Hariyadi . Ade Reza . 2014-01-01 . Penerbit Nagamedia . 9786021379066 . id . 2019-10-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230801042855/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=NNmuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA108&lpg=PA108&dq=S.M+Hadiprabowo+GMNI&source=bl&ots=6huRzb5GmT&sig=ACfU3U0AUvt0D22cV7VdUStx5DeQ1eBq0A&hl=id&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwishdXtkf3kAhXaWisKHTHADOsQ6AEwCXoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=S.M%20Hadiprabowo%20GMNI&f=false . 2023-08-01.
  4. Web site: Tentang GMNI Yogyakarta . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007103348/http://www.gmniyogyakarta.com/kontak/ . 2019-10-07 . 2019-10-07 . GmnI Yogyakarta . en-US . dead.
  5. Web site: STRUKTUR PENGURUS . https://web.archive.org/web/20230530091841/https://dppgmni.org/struktur-pengurus-dpp-gmni/ . 2023-05-30 . 2023-05-30 . Dewan Pimpinan Pusat . id.
  6. Web site: Sejarah Gerakan Mahasiswa Nasional Indonesia (GMNI) Dari Masa ke Masa . https://web.archive.org/web/20230530003710/https://www.marhaenislokajaya.com/2018/03/sejarah-gerakan-mahasiswa-nasional-indonesia-gmni.html . 2023-05-30 . 2019-10-02 . Marhaenis Lokajaya. 18 March 2018 .
  7. Web site: GMNI . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027121655/https://id.scribd.com/presentation/342890552/GMNI . 2022-10-27 . 2019-11-12 . Scribd . id.
  8. News: Administrator . Tujuh Tokoh Ramaikan Bursa Ketua Alumni GMNI . id . . 2019-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230801042806/https://koran.tempo.co/read/nasional/65577/tujuh-tokoh-ramaikan-bursa-ketua-alumni-gmni . 2023-08-01.
  9. News: Kongres XIX GMNI, Jokowi Buka Acara, Megawati Pidato Politik . id . . Wadrianto . Glori K. . 2020-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027121821/https://regional.kompas.com/read/2015/09/02/09143761/Kongres.XIX.GMNI.Jokowi.Buka.Acara.Megawati.Pidato.Politik . 2022-10-27.
  10. Web site: 2019-03-16 . 2019 Harus Ada Perubahan, Suko Sudarso: Tampaknya Prabowo Lebih Paham Masalah Bangsa . https://web.archive.org/web/20230801042809/https://duta.co/2019-harus-ada-perubahan-suko-sudarso-tampaknya-prabowo-lebih-paham-masalah-bangsa . 2023-08-01 . 2019-11-25 . Duta.co Berita Harian Terkini . id-ID.
  11. News: Fazli . Achmad Zulfikar . 2019-05-23 . Mantan Mensesneg Bondan Gunawan Meninggal . id . . 2020-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027123406/https://www.medcom.id/nasional/peristiwa/0k8DoBok-mantan-mensesneg-bondan-gunawan-meninggal . 2022-10-27.
  12. News: Siswono Yudo husodo – Tempo.co . id . . 2019-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221227161141/https://www.tempo.co/tag/siswono-yudo-husodo . 2022-12-27.
  13. News: moses . Mustafa . 2016-06-04 . Mantan Ketua Umum PDI Soerjadi Meninggal . id . . moses . Mustafa . 2019-11-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027121844/https://nasional.tempo.co/read/776825/mantan-ketua-umum-pdi-soerjadi-meninggal . 2022-10-27.
  14. News: 2009-02-20 . Sang Ayah Menangis Taufiq Masuk GMNI . id . . 2019-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027121648/https://www.viva.co.id/berita/politik/31851-sang-ayah-menangis-taufiq-masuk-gmni . 2022-10-27.
  15. News: Wapres Akui "Terbakar" Alumni GMNI . id . . Wahono . Tri . 2019-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027121750/https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2010/11/26/11390959/wapres.akui.terbakar.alumni.gmni . 2022-10-27.
  16. Web site: 2019-10-27 . Dari Aktivis hingga Jadi Komisaris Lippo Cikarang, Ini Fakta-fakta Theo L. Sambuaga . 2019-11-25 . MoneySmart Indonesia . id-ID.
  17. News: Profil Ahmad Basarah: Aktivis, "Profesor Pancasila" hingga Wakil Ketua MPR . id . . Gatra . Sandro . 2019-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027121757/https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2018/03/19/12485461/profil-ahmad-basarah-aktivis-profesor-pancasila-hingga-wakil-ketua-mpr . 2022-10-27.
  18. News: Sinaga . Eri Komar . Djarot dan Antasari Azhar Cepat Nempel karena Sama-sama Alumni GMNI . id . Tribunnews.com . Arifin . Choirul . 2019-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027121713/https://www.tribunnews.com/metropolitan/2017/01/30/djarot-dan-antasari-azhar-cepat-nempel-karena-sama-sama-alumni-gmni . 2022-10-27.
  19. News: Fahlevi . Fahdi . PA GMNI Nilai Arief Hidayat Sudah Sukses Jadi Ketua MK . id . Tribunnews.com . Aco . Hasanudin . 2019-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027121714/https://www.tribunnews.com/nasional/2018/02/13/pa-gmni-nilai-arief-hidayat-sudah-sukses-jadi-ketua-mk . 2022-10-27.
  20. News: Agustina . Widiarsi . 2015-08-07 . Ketika Soekarwo Beri Minum Jokowi di Acara GMNI . id . . Agustina . Widiarsi . 2019-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027121851/https://nasional.tempo.co/read/690057/ketika-soekarwo-beri-minum-jokowi-di-acara-gmni . 2022-10-27.
  21. Web site: 2023-04-21 . Perjalanan Ganjar Menjadi Politisi: Gabung GMNI, Gubernur 2 Periode, hingga Ditunjuk Jadi Capres . https://web.archive.org/web/20230708233611/https://www.suara.com/news/2023/04/21/175552/perjalanan-ganjar-menjadi-politisi-gabung-gmni-gubernur-2-periode-hingga-ditunjuk-jadi-capres . 2023-07-08 . 2023-04-28 . suara.com . id.
  22. News: Irwanto . Deny . Didukung Antasari Azhar, Djarot: Dia Senior Saya di GMNI . id . . 2019-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027123307/https://www.medcom.id/pilkada/news-pilkada/ybJyR3nN-didukung-antasari-azhar-djarot-dia-senior-saya-di-gmni . 2022-10-27.
  23. News: 2006-04-16 . GMNI Bentuk Kepengurusan Baru . id . . 2019-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221027121828/https://nasional.tempo.co/read/76240/gmni-bentuk-kepengurusan-baru . 2022-10-27.
  24. Web site: Ini . Redaksi Jurnal Hari . 2021-02-09 . Bahas Situasi Pers Tanah Air, Besok Malam DPP GMNI Gelar Diskusi Bertajuk Arah Pers Indonesia . https://web.archive.org/web/20230530092311/https://jurnaltoday.id/bahas-situasi-pers-tanah-air-besok-malam-dpp-gmni-gelar-diskusi-bertajuk-arah-pers-indonesia/ . 2023-05-30 . 2023-05-30 . Jurnaltoday.id . id-ID.
  25. Web site: PA GMNI Dibayangi Perpecahan Djarot-Jan Prince Mundur . 2019-11-25 . Rmol.id . id.
  26. News: Rahadian . Lalu . Peter Kasenda Sejarawan Sukarnois Gajinya Belum Dibayar BPIP . id . Tirto.id . 2019-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230331153214/https://tirto.id/peter-kasenda-sejarawan-sukarnois-gajinya-belum-dibayar-bpip-cYjt . 2023-03-31.
  27. Web site: Siregar . Maruli . 2022-04-12 . Amarullah Nasution Tokoh Pendidikan Nasional – Laman 2 dari 3 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230430223402/https://www.mediadelegasi.id/amarullah-nasution-tokoh-pendidikan-nasional/ . 2023-04-30 . 2023-04-28 . MEDIADELEGASI . id.

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