Order of battle for the Japanese invasion of French Indochina explained
This is the order of battle for the Japanese invasion of French Indochina (22–26 September 1940) during World War II.
Japan
Army
5th Division – Lt. Gen. Aketo Nakamura [1]
- 9th Infantry Brigade
- 11th Infantry Regiment
- 41st Infantry Regiment
- 21st Infantry Brigade
- 21st Infantry Regiment
- 42nd Infantry Regiment
- 5th Mountain Artillery Regiment
- 5th Cavalry Regiment
- 5th Engineer Regiment
- 5th Transport Regiment
Indochina Expeditionary Army – Maj. Gen. Takuma Nishimura [1]
- Indochina Expeditionary Infantry Group – Maj. Gen. Takeshi Sakurada
- 2nd Imperial Guards Infantry Regiment – Col. Kunio Osonoe
- Indochina Expeditionary Tank Unit (14th Tank Regiment)
- Indochina Expeditionary AA Gun Unit
- Signal Unit and others
Army Air Force
- 1st Hikodan Headquarters
- 59th Sentai
- 90th Sentai
- ground service units
- 3rd Hikoshidan Headquarters
- 18th I F Chutai
- 60th Sentai
- ground service units
Navy
2nd Fleet
IJN airforce: [4]
- Carrier Hiryū
- Fighter daitai – Mitsubishi A5M
- Bomber daitai – Aichi D1A2
- attack daitai – Yokosuka B4Y1
- Seaplane tender Kamikawa Maru
- 4 Type 94 Kawanishi E7K2 “Alf” reconnaissance float biplanes
- 8 Type 95 Nakajima E8N2 “Dave” reconnaissance float biplanes
Japanese warships and transports carrying Expeditionary Force lying off Haiphong in the Gulf of Tonkin.
Vichy France
Army
Hanoi – Général de Corps d'Armée Maurice Martin
Haiphong
Lang Son sector
- 2nd Brigade – Général de brigade Germain Mennerat
- five battalions of infantry:
- I/3rd Régiment de Tirailleurs Tonkinois (RTT)
- II/5th Régiment Ėtranger d'Infanterie (REI)
- I/9th Régiment d'Infanterie Coloniale (RIC)
- ?
- ?
- a group of tanks,
- a group of 75 mm artillery
- a battery of 155 mm artillery
That Khe – 1 company of II/3rd Régiment de Tirailleurs Tonkinois (RTT)
Nam Quam – 2 companies of II/3rd Régiment d'Infanterie Coloniale (RIC)
Chima – 1 Platoon of a company of II/3rd Régiment de Tirailleurs Tonkinois (RTT)
Loc Binh – bulk of a company of II/3rd Régiment de Tirailleurs Tonkinois (RTT)
Na Dzuong – elements of 9th Régiment d'Infanterie Coloniale (RIC)
All told, about 5000 troops representing elements of 3rd Régiment de Tirailleurs Tonkinois, 9th Régiment d'Infanterie Coloniale, and 5th Régiment Étranger d'Infanterie.
Reserves:
- IV/3rd Régiment de Tirailleurs Tonkinois (RTT) – to counterattack toward Dong Dang
- "fresh battalions" – Lang Giai and Lang Nac barring the route from Lang Son to Hanoi
Air Force
This French aerial order of battle is based on Christian-Jacques Ehrengardt, "Ciel de feu en Indochine, 1939–1945", Aéro Journal, 29, 1 (2003), pp. 4–26, augmented by Claude d'Abzac-Epezy, L'Armée de l'air de Vichy, 1940–1944 (Service historique de l'Armée de l'air, 1997). The exact number of Potez 25 is unknown; there were around seventy. Three Potez 63 destined for China were also requisitioned in Haiphong.
- 41st Autonomous Air Group (groupe aérien autonome)
- 1st Observation Squadron (escadrille d'observation) at Pursat — Potez 25
- 2nd Bombardment Squadron (escadrille de bombardement) at Tong — four Farman 221
- 42nd Autonomous Air Group
- 1st Observation Squadron at Pursat — Potez 25
- 2nd Bombardment Squadron at Biên Hòa— six Potez 542
- Mixed Air Group (groupe aérien mixte) 595
- 1st Observation Squadron at Bạch Mai — Potez 25
- 2nd Fighter Squadron (escadrille de chasse) at Bach Mai — twelve Morane-Saulnier 406
- Mixed Air Group 596
- 1st Observation Squadron at Tourane — Potez 25
- Southern Base Command (Commandement des bases du Sud)
In addition to the above forces under the Air Force, the seaplanes of the navy in Indochine were concentrated at Bãi Cháy into a new section:
Sources
