List of Indian musical instruments explained
Musical instruments of the Indian subcontinent can be broadly classified according to the Hornbostel–Sachs system into four categories: chordophones (string instruments), aerophones (wind instruments), membranophones (drums) and idiophones (non-drum percussion instruments).
Bowed strings
Other string instruments
- Gethu or Jhallari – struck tanpura
- Gubguba or Jamuku (khamak)
- Pulluvan kutam
- Santoor – Hammered dulcimer
Single reed
Double reed
Flute
Bagpipes
Free reed
Free reed and bellows
Brass
Hand drums
Hand frame drums
- Daf, duf, or dafli – medium or large frame drum without jingles, of Persian origin
- Dubki, dimdi or dimri – small frame drum without jingles
- Kanjira – small frame drum with one jingle
- Kansi – small drum without jingles
- Patayani thappu – medium frame drum played with hands
Stick and hand drums
Stick drums
- Chande
- Davul
- Kachhi Dhol
- Nagara – pair of kettledrums
- Pambai – unit of two cylindrical drums
- Parai thappu, halgi – frame drum played with two sticks
- Sambal
- Stick daff or stick duff – daff in a stand played with sticks
- Tamak'
- Tasha – type of kettledrum
- Timki
- Urumee
Idiophones
- Chigggjha – fire tong with brass jingles
- Chengila – metal disc
- Eltathalam
- Gegvrer – brass vessel
- Ghaynti – Northern Indian bell
- Ghatam and Matkam (Earthenware pot drum)
- Ghunyugroo
- Khartal or Chiplya
- Manjira or jhanj or taal
- Nut – clay pot
- Sankarpjlnjang – lithophone
- Thali – metal plate
- Thattukanvjzhi mannai
- Yakshahgana bells
Melodic
Hand harmonium
Dwarkanath Ghose (Dwarkin) modified the French pedal harmonium.
Electronic
-
- Electronic (digital) tabla
- Talameter
See also