2014 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu explained

Election Name:	2014 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu
Country:	India
Flag Year:	1947
Flag Image:	Flag of India.svg
Type:	parliamentary
Vote Type:	Popular
Ongoing:	no
Previous Election:	2009 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu
Previous Year:	2009
Outgoing Members:	15th Lok Sabha
Election Date:	24 April 2014
Elected Members:	16th Lok Sabha
Next Election:	2019 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu
Next Year:	2019
Seats For Election:	39 Seats
Opinion Polls:	Indian general election, 2014 (Tamil Nadu)#Opinion Poll
Turnout:	73.74% (0.71%)
Image1 Size:	130x130px
Leader1:	J. Jayalalithaa
Party1:	All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
Alliance1:	–
Leader Since1:	1988
Leaders Seat1:	Did not contest
Seats Before1:	9
Seats1:	37
Seat Change1:	28
Popular Vote1:	17,978,922
Percentage1:	44.92%
Swing1:	22.01%
Image2 Size:	130x130px
Leader2:	Pon. Radhakrishnan
Party2:	Bharatiya Janata Party
Alliance2:	National Democratic Alliance
Leader Since2:	2009
Leaders Seat2:	Kanniyakumari
Seats Before2:	0
Seats2:	2 (BJP 1 PMK 1)
Seat Change2:	2
Popular Vote2:	7,524,756
Percentage2:	18.80%
Swing2:	3.01%
Map Size:	200px

The 2014 Indian general elections for Tamil Nadu's 39 seats in the 16th Lok Sabha were held on 24 April 2014. The All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam led by its general secretary J. Jayalalithaa won a spectacular victory, taking 37 of the 39 seats.^[1] The total electors in the state of Tamil Nadu for the election was 55,114,867 and 73.74% of voters exercised their right to do so.^[2] The results of the elections were declared on 16 May 2014.^[3]

Overview

As the term of the 15th Lok Sabha ended in May 2014, the Election Commission of India decided to conduct the election for the 16th Lok Sabha in 24 April 2014.

The election process is carried out by the state election commission headed by Praveen Kumar, and for the first time, Section 144 of the CrPC was used in the election for 36 hours before polling to prevent cash distribution to bribe voters.^[4] As of 23 April 2014, the commission had seized ₹39 crore in the state.^[5]

Schedule

Event	Date (Day)
Issue of Notification	29 March 2014 (Saturday)
Last date for filing Nominations	5 April 2014 (Saturday)
Scrutiny of Nominations	7 April 2014 (Monday)
Last date for withdrawal of candidature	9 April 2014 (Wednesday)
Date of Poll	24 April 2014 (Thursday)
Counting of votes	16 May 2014 (Friday)
Date before which the election process shall be completed	28 May 2014 (Wednesday)

Parties and alliances

All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK)In the beginning of the year, All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam's general secretary J. Jayalalithaa stated that she would campaign and win all 39 seats by allying with CPI and CPI(M). Members of the AIADMK party declared her the prime ministerial candidate, despite rumors that she might support Narendra Modi.^[6] On 24 February 2014, the date of her birthday, she announced candidates for all 39 Lok Sabha constituencies in Tamil Nadu.^[7]

National Democratic Alliance (NDA)The Bharatiya Janata Party-led National Democratic Alliance, with Narendra Modi^[8] as prime ministerial candidate, formed an alliance with Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam (DMDK), Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK),^[9] Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (MDMK), Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi (IJK), Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi(KMDK) and Puthiya Needhi Katchi (PNK). The seats were allotted on 20 March 2014 in Chennai by the national president of the Bharatiya Janata Party and the former chief minister of Uttar Pradesh Rajnath Singh.^[10]

Democratic Progressive Alliance (DPA)The Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam-led Democratic Progressive Alliance, under the leadership of M. Karunanidhi withdrew its support from the Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance government on 19 March 2013 over Sri Lanka issues.^[11] On 25 March 2014, DMK also expelled its south zone organizational secretary and the former minister of chemicals and fertilizers of the Republic of India M. K. Alagiri from the party for violating party discipline.^[12] DPA formed an alliance with Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi (VCK), Manithaneya Makkal Katchi (MMK), the Indian Union Muslim League (IUML), and Puthiya Tamilagam (PT).^[13]

Indian National Congress (INC)The Indian National Congress under the leadership of Rahul Gandhi stated that they would decide the prime ministerial candidate after the election. They lost their major ally, Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam last year. So INC decided to contest alone in all 39 seats in the state.^[14] The minister of shipping of the Republic of India G. K. Vasan^[15] and the minister of finance of the Republic of India P. Chidambaram were opted out of the election.^[16]

Left and Secular Alliance (LSA)After six rounds of seat-sharing talks with All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam for the Lok Sabha seats, the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and the Communist Party of India failed to bear fruit, and they opted to make an alliance of their own. On 14 March 2014 the two parties held a joint press conference in Chennai, declaring that CPI(M) would contest nine seats and CPI would contest eight seats.^{[17] [18]}

Candidates

Constituency

AIADMK	NDA	DPA	INC	LSA
No.	Name	Party		Candidate	Party		Candidate	Party		Candidate	Party		Candidate	Party		Candidate
1	Tiruvallur		P. Venugopal		V. Yuvaraj		D. Ravikumar		M. Jayakumar		A. S. Kannan
2	Chennai North		T. G. Venkatesh Babu		M. Soundarapandian		R. Girirajan		Biju Chacko		U. Vasuki
3	Chennai South		J. Jayavardhan		La. Ganesan		T. K. S. Elangovan		S. V. Ramani		Did not contest
4	Chennai Central		S. R. Vijayakumar		J. Constandine Ravindran		Dayanidhi Maran		C. D. Meyyappan		Did not contest
5	Sriperumbudur		K. N. Ramachandran		R. Masilamani		S. Jagathrakshakan		Arul Anbarasu		Did not contest
6	Kancheepuram		K. Maragatham		C. E. Sathya		G. Selvam		P. Viswanathan		Did not contest
7	Arakkonam		G. Hari		R. Velu		N. R. Elango		R. Rajesh		Did not contest
8	Vellore		B. Senguttuvan		A. C. Shanmugam		M. Abdul Rahman		J. Vijay Elanchezian		Did not contest
9	Krishnagiri		K. Ashok Kumar		G. K. Mani		P. Chinna Pillappa		A. Chellakumar		Did not contest
10	Dharmapuri		P. S. Mohan		Anbumani Ramadoss		R. Thamaraiselvan		Rama Suganthan		Did not contest
11	Tiruvannamalai		R. Vanaroja		G. Ediroli Manian		C. N. Annadurai		A. Subramaniyan		Did not contest
12	Arani		V. Elumalai		A. K. Moorthy		R. Sivanandam		M. K. Vishnu Prasad		Did not contest
13	Viluppuram		S. Rajendran		K. Umasankar		K. Muthaiyan		K. Rani		G. Anandan
14	Kallakurichi		K. Kamaraj		V. P. Eswaran		R. Manimaran		R. Devadass		Did not contest
15	Salem		V. Pannerselvam		L. K. Sudhish		S. Umarani		Rangarajan Mohan Kumaramangalam		Did not contest
16	Namakkal		P. R. Sundaram		S. K. Vel		S. Gandhiselvan		G. R. Subramaniyan		Did not contest
17	Erode		S. Selvakumara Chinnayan		A. Ganeshamurthi		H. Pavithravalli		P. Gopi		Did not contest
18	Tiruppur		V. Sathyabama		N. Dineshkumar		M. Senthilnathan		E. V. K. S. Elangovan		K. Subbarayan
19	Nilgiris		C. Gopalakrishnan		Did not contest			A. Raja		P. Gandhi		Did not contest
20	Coimbatore		P. Nagarajan		C. P. Radhakrishnan		K. Ganeshkumar		R. Prabhu		P. R. Natarajan
21	Pollachi		C. Mahendran		E. R. Eswaran		Pongalur N. Palanisamy		Selvaraj		Did not contest
22	Dindigul		M. Udhaya Kumar		A. Krishnamoorthy		S. Gandhirajan		N. S. V. Chitthan		N. Pandi
23	Karur		M. Thambidurai		N. S. Krishnan		M. Chinnasamy		S. Jothimani		Did not contest
24	Tiruchirappalli		P. Kumar		A, M, G, Vijaykumar		Mu. Anbhalagan		Sarubala R. Tondaiman		S. Sridhar
25	Perambalur		R. P. Marutharajaa		T. R. Paarivendhar		S. Seemanur Prabu		M. Rajasekaran		Did not contest
26	Cuddalore		A. Arunmozhithevan		C. R. Jayasankar		K. Nandagopalakrishnan		K. S. Alagiri		K. Balasubramanian
27	Chidambaram		M. Chandrakasi		Sudhamanirathinem		Thol. Thirumavalavan		P. Vallal Peruman		Did not contest
28	Mayiladuthurai		R. K. Bharathi Mohan		K. Agoram		S. Hyder Ali		Mani Shankar Aiyar		Did not contest
29	Nagapattinam		K. Gopal		Vadivel Ravanan		A. K. S. Vijayan		Thalai T. A. P. Senthilpandian		G. Palanisamy
30	Thanjavur		K. Parasuraman		M. Muruganantham		T. R. Baalu		T. Krishnasamy Vandayar		S. Tamilselvi
31	Sivaganga		P. R. Senthilnathan		H. Raja		Dhurai Raaj Subha		Karti P. Chidambaram		S. Krishnan
32	Madurai		R. Gopalakrishnan		D. Sivamuthu Kumar		V. Velusamy		T. N. Bharath Nachiappan		B. Vikraman
33	Theni		R. Parthipan		K. Alagusundaram		Pon. Muthuramalingam		J. M. Aaroon Rashid		Did not contest
34	Virudhunagar		T. Radhakrishnan		Vaiko		S. Rethinavelu		B. Manickam Tagore		K. Samuelraj
35	Ramanathapuram		A. Anwhar Raajhaa		D. Kuppu Ramu		S. Mohamed Jaleel		Su. Thirunavukkarasar		R. T. Uma Mageswari
36	Thoothukkudi		J. Jayasingh Thiyagaraj Natterjee		S. Joel		P. Jegan		A. P. C. V. Shanmugam		A. Mohanraj
37	Tenkasi		M. Vasanthi		T. Sadhan Tirumalaikumar		K. Krishnasamy		K. Jayakumar		P. Lingam
38	Tirunelveli		K. R. P. Prabakaran		S. Sivananenthaperumal		Devadasa Sundaram		S. S. Ramasubbu		Did not contest
39	Kanniyakumari		D. John Thankam		Pon. Radhakrishnan		F. M. Rajarathnam		H. Vasanthakumar		A. V. Bellarmin

Opinion poll

Polling agency	Date published	bgcolor=		bgcolor=		bgcolor=		bgcolor=			Lead	Ref.
		AIADMK	NDA	DPA	INC	Others
Times Now-India TV-CVoter	August – October 2013	bgcolor=		0	5	1	5	bgcolor=		^[19]
India Today-CVoter	December 2013 – January 2014	bgcolor=		–	5	0	5	bgcolor=		^[20]
Times Now-India TV-CVoter	January – February 2014	bgcolor=		0	5	1	6	bgcolor=		^[21]
NDTV-Hansa Research	March 2014	bgcolor=		0	10	0	2	bgcolor=		^[22]
CNN-IBN-Lokniti-CSDS	March – April 2014	bgcolor=		6 – 10	10 – 16	0	0	bgcolor=		^[23]
NDTV-Hansa Research	April 2014	bgcolor=		3	14	0	0	bgcolor=		^[24]
India Today-Cicero	4 – 12 April 2014	bgcolor=		4 – 6	9 – 13	0	0–2	bgcolor=		^[25]

Results

By Party

Party	Popular vote			Seats
Votes	%	±pp	Contested	Won	+/−
	All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	17,978,922	44.92	22.01	39	37	28
NDA		Bharatiya Janata Party	2,223,566	5.56	3.21	8	1	1
	Pattali Makkal Katchi	1,804,812	4.51	1.21	8	1	1
	Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam	2,078,843	5.19	4.89	14	0
	Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	1,417,535	3.54	0.12	7	0	1
Total	7,524,756	18.80	3.01	38	2	1
DPA		Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	9,570,666	23.91	1.21	34	0	18
	Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi	606,110	1.51	0.90	2	0	1
	Puthiya Tamilagam	262,812	0.66	0.26	1	0
	Manithaneya Makkal Katchi	236,679	0.59	0.37	1	0
	Indian Union Muslim League	205,896	0.51		1	0
Total	10,882,163	27.18	1.48	39	0	19
	Indian National Congress	1,750,990	4.37	10.66	39	0	8
LSA		Communist Party of India (Marxist)	220,632	0.55	1.65	9	0	1
	Communist Party of India	219,866	0.55	2.30	8	0	1
Total	440,498	1.10	3.95	17	0	2
	Others	866,317	2.20		673	0
	NOTA	581,782	1.43
Total				40,025,367	100	N/A	845	39	N/A
Vote statistics
Valid votes				40,025,367	72.62
Invalid votes				651,915	1.12
Votes cast/turnout				40,644,282	73.74
Abstentions				14,470,585	26.26
Registered voters				55,114,867	100

By Member

37	1	1
AIADMK	BJP	PMK

By Constituency

Constituency		Winner					Runner Up					Margin
No.	Name	Party		Candidate	Votes	%	Party		Candidate	Votes	%
1	Tiruvallur		P. Venugopal	628,499	50.10		D. Ravikumar	305,069	24.32	323,430
2	Chennai North		T. G. Venkatesh Babu	406,704	44.67		R. Girirajan	307,000	33.72	99,704
3	Chennai South		J. Jayavardhan	434,540	40.03		T. K. S. Elangovan	298,965	27.54	135,575
4	Chennai Central		S. R. Vijayakumar	333,296	40.88		Dayanidhi Maran	287,455	35.26	45,841
5	Sriperumbudur		K. N. Ramachandran	545,820	42.42		S. Jagathrakshakan	443,174	34.44	102,646
6	Kancheepuram		K. Maragatham	499,395	44.20		G. Selvam	352,529	31.20	146,866
7	Arakkonam		G. Hari	493,534	45.29		N. R. Elango	252,768	23.19	240,766
8	Vellore		B. Senguttuvan	383,719	39.35		A. C. Shanmugam	324,326	33.26	59,393
9	Krishnagiri		K. Ashok Kumar	480,491	44.93		P. Chinna Pillappa	273,900	25.61	206,591
10	Dharmapuri		Anbumani Ramadoss	468,194	42.46		P. S. Mohan	391,048	35.46	77,146
11	Tiruvannamalai		R. Vanaroja	500,751	46.86		C. N. Annadurai	332,145	31.08	168,606
12	Arani		V. Elumalai	502,721	45.85		R. Sivanandam	258,877	23.61	243,844
13	Viluppuram		S. Rajendran	482,704	45.19		K. Muthaiyan	289,337	27.09	193,367
14	Kallakurichi		K. Kamaraj	533,383	48.16		R. Manimaran	309,876	27.98	223,507
15	Salem		V. Pannerselvam	556,546	48.36		S. Umarani	288,936	25.11	267,610
16	Namakkal		P. R. Sundaram	563,272	53.14		S. Gandhiselvan	268,898	25.37	294,374
17	Erode		S. Selvakumara Chinnayan	466,995	46.26		A. Ganeshamurthi	255,432	25.30	211,563
18	Tiruppur		V. Sathyabama	442,778	42.14		N. Dineshkumar	263,463	25.07	179,315
19	Nilgiris		C. Gopalakrishnan	463,700	49.67		A. Raja	358760	38.43	104,940
20	Coimbatore		P. Nagarajan	431,717	36.69		C. P. Radhakrishnan	389,701	33.12	42,016
21	Pollachi		C. Mahendran	417,092	41.18		E. R. Eswaran	276,118	27.26	140,974
22	Dindigul		M. Udhaya Kumar	510,462	47.10		S. Gandhirajan	382,617	35.31	127,845
23	Karur		M. Thambidurai	540,722	51.64		M. Chinnasamy	345,475	32.99	195,247
24	Tiruchirappalli		P. Kumar	458,478	46.37		Mu. Anbhalagan	308,002	31.15	150,476
25	Perambalur		R. P. Marutharajaa	462,693	44.85		S. Seemanur Prabu	249,645	24.20	213,048
26	Cuddalore		A. Arunmozhithevan	481,429	48.87		K. Nandagopalakrishnan	278,304	28.25	203,125
27	Chidambaram		M. Chandrakasi	429,536	39.45		Thol. Thirumavalavan	301,041	27.65	128,495
28	Mayiladuthurai		R. K. Bharathi Mohan	513,729	50.04		S. Hyder Ali	236,679	23.06	277,050
29	Nagapattinam		K. Gopal	434,174	46.06		A. K. S. Vijayan	328,095	34.81	106,079
30	Thanjavur		K. Parasuraman	510,307	50.39		T. R. Baalu	366,188	36.16	144,119
31	Sivaganga		P. R. Senthilnathan	475,993	46.33		Dhurai Raaj Subha	246,608	24.00	229,385
32	Madurai		R. Gopalakrishnan	453,785	46.48		V. Velusamy	254,361	26.05	199,424
33	Theni		R. Parthipan	571,254	53.06		Pon. Muthuramalingam	256,722	23.84	314,532
34	Virudhunagar		T. Radhakrishnan	406,694	40.20		Vaiko	261,143	25.81	145,551
35	Ramanathapuram		A. Anwhar Raajhaa	405,945	40.54		S. Mohamed Jaleel	286,621	28.63	119,324
36	Thoothukkudi		J. Jayasingh Thiyagaraj Natterjee	366,052	39.92		P. Jegan	242,050	26.40	124,002
37	Tenkasi		M. Vasanthi	424,586	41.65		K. Krishnasamy	262,812	25.78	161,774
38	Tirunelveli		K. R. P. Prabakaran	398,139	41.36		Devadasa Sundaram	272,040	28.26	126,099
39	Kanniyakumari		Pon. Radhakrishnan	372,906	37.62		H. Vasanthakumar	244,244	24.64	128,662

Analysis

The ruling AIADMK, after winning 37 out of 39 seats, emerged as the third largest party in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian Parliament. It had been recorded as the best performance by any party in the state after the INC, when it won 31 seats in the 1962 election. Prominent DMK leaders and former union cabinet ministers T. R. Baalu, A. Raja, and Dayanidhi Maran lost their respective seats. AIADMK's big success can be understood from the fact that, despite being a multi-cornered contest between AIADMK, NDA, DPA, INC, and LSA 33 seats were won by the party with a margin of more than 1 lakh votes.^[26]

However, AIADMK general secretary J. Jayalalithaa ruled out joining the new government of India led by the BJP-led NDA.^[27]

After the result of 1989 and 1991 elections, it was the third time that the DMK had no representative in the Lok Sabha. The same thing happened to INC when it drew a blank since the 1998 election. Similarly, the communist parties, the CPI and CPI(M), did not win any seats, their worst performances since the 1999 and 1996 elections, respectively.

The factors attributed to the sweeping result in favor of AIADMK were the implementation of various welfare schemes by the government led by J. Jayalalithaa and the hope people in Tamil Nadu had in her that she would protect Tamil interests.^[28]

Key positions held by elected members of parliament

Union ministers of state

No.	Portrait	Name	Elected constituency	Portfolio	Term in office			Political party	Cabinet Minister
					Assumed office	Left office	Time in office
1		Pon. Radhakrishnan (1952–)	Kanniyakumari	Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises	27 May 2014	8 November 2014	165 days	Bharatiya Janata Party	Anant Geete	rowspan=4
				Ministry of Road Transport and Highways	9 November 2014	2 September 2017	2 years, 297 days		Nitin Gadkari
				Ministry of Shipping		24 May 2019	4 years, 196 days		Nitin Gadkari
				Ministry of Finance	3 September 2017		1 year, 263 days		Arun Jaitley----Piyush Goyal----Arun Jaitley

See also

• Elections in India
• Elections in Tamil Nadu

External links

• Official Website of Election Commission of India
• Election statistics provided by ECI

Notes and References

1. News: Lok Sabha elections begin April 7, counting on May 16 . India today . 5 March 2014 . 5 March 2014 . 5 March 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140305093312/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/election-commission-announces-lok-sabha-polls-2014-dates/1/346862.html . live .
2. Web site: Electorate for 2014 General Elections. 25 March 2014. 24 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140324224517/http://www.ndtv.com/elections/electorate. live.
3. News: EC revises TN turnout to 73.67%. The Hindu. 26 April 2014. 4 May 2014. 4 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140504142557/http://www.thehindu.com/elections/loksabha2014/ec-revises-tn-turnout-to-7367/article5951254.ece?ref=relatedNews. live.
4. News: Sec 144 Invoked to Curb Cash Flow. The New Indian Express. 23 April 2014. 23 April 2014. 4 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074458/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/Sec-144-Invoked-to-Curb-Cash-Flow/2014/04/23/article2184237.ece. dead.
5. News: EC seizes Rs. 240 crore cash, liquor. The Hindu. 23 April 2014. 23 April 2014. 26 April 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140426113116/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ec-seizes-rs-240-crore-cash-liquor/article5939942.ece. live.
6. News: Tamil Nadu: Jayalalithaa decides AIADMK will fight Lok Sabha elections alone : Tamil Nadu, News . India Today. 19 December 2013. 5 March 2014. 1 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140301022938/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/chennai-express-unveiled-jayalalithaa-pitches-for-pm-post/1/331959.html?. live.
7. News: Jayalalithaa announces AIADMK candidates for Lok Sabha elections – The Times of India. The Times of india. 24 February 2014. 5 March 2014. 4 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140304155509/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Jayalalithaa-announces-AIADMK-candidates-for-Lok-Sabhaelections/articleshow/30942785.cms. live.
8. News: BJP banking on Modi magic in Tamil Nadu too. The Hindu. 26 September 2013. 14 April 2014. 15 April 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140415142815/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/bjp-banking-on-modi-magic-in-tamil-nadu-too/article5170845.ece. live.
9. News: PMK, an alternative to Dravidian parties. The Hindu. 2 January 2014. 14 April 2014. 15 April 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140415065805/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/pmk-an-alternative-to-dravidian-parties/article5530242.ece. live.
10. News: BJP clinches deal in Tamil Nadu. The Hindu. 20 March 2014. 21 March 2014. 20 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140320142554/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/bjp-announces-sixparty-alliance-in-tn/article5810008.ece. live.
11. News: DMK quits UPA, govt to bring resolution on Sri Lanka in Parliament. The Times of India. 19 March 2014. 15 April 2014. 19 March 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130319234540/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/DMK-quits-UPA-govt-to-bring-resolution-on-Sri-Lanka-in-Parliament/articleshow/19068564.cms. live.
12. News: Alagiri expelled from DMK. The Hindu. 25 March 2014. 15 April 2014. 1 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140501051044/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/alagiri-expelled-from-dmk/article5830160.ece?. live.
13. News: DMK-led Democratic Progressive Alliance to mobilise people under 'secular front'. Economic Times. 5 March 2014. 21 March 2014. 7 April 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140407094843/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-03-05/news/47933791_1_dpa-dmk-led-democratic-progressive-alliance-poll-strategy. live.
14. News: Isolated Congress trying to energise partymen in Tamil Nadu. The Indian Express. 22 March 2014. 1 April 2014. 28 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140328115344/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/isolated-congress-trying-to-energise-partymen-in-tamil-nadu/. live.
15. News: Vasan not to contest Lok Sabha polls. The Hindu. 11 March 2014. 15 April 2014. 15 April 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140415103824/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/vasan-not-to-contest-lok-sabha-polls/article5773343.ece?. live.
16. News: Congress 4th list out, Chidambaram not to fight 2014 polls. https://web.archive.org/web/20140324113823/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/congress-4th-list-out-chidambaram-not-to-fight-2014-polls/459182-37-64.html. dead. 24 March 2014. IBN live. 21 March 2014. 15 April 2014.
17. The Hindu. CPI, CPI(M) to contest 9 seats each in Tamil Nadu
18. Deccan Herald. Left parties call off alliance with AIADMK
19. Web site: Congress 102, BJP 162; UPA 117, NDA 186: C-Voter Poll. Outlook. 17 October 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131016180408/http://blogs.outlookindia.com/default.aspx?ddm=10&pid=3061&eid=31. 16 October 2013. dead. dmy-all.
20. Web site: NDA may win over 200 seats as Modi's popularity soars further: India Today Mood of the Nation opinion poll : North, News. India Today. 23 January 2013. 23 January 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140123205959/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/nda-may-win-over-200-seats-as-modis-popularity-soars-further-india-today-mood-of-the-nation-opinion-poll/1/339374.html. live.
21. Web site: India TV-C Voter projection: Big gains for BJP in UP, Bihar; NDA may be 45 short of magic mark. Indiatv. 13 February 2013. 14 February 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140214093509/http://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/india-tv-c-voter-projection-big-gains-for-bjp-in-up-bihar-nda--14864.html. live.
22. Web site: The Final Word – India's biggest opinion poll. NDTV. 14 March 2014. 14 March 2014. 24 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140324224624/http://www.ndtv.com/elections/live-blog/show/the-final-word-india-s-biggest-opinion-poll-495290. live.
23. News: Tamil Nadu tracker: AIADMK 15–21 seats, DMK 10–16, BJP alliance 6–10. https://web.archive.org/web/20140404065501/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/tamil-nadu-tracker-aiadmk-1521-seats-dmk-1016-bjp-alliance-610/461864-37-64.html. dead. 4 April 2014. CNN-IBN. 1 April 2014. 2 April 2014.
24. Web site: The Final Word – India's biggest opinion poll. NDTV. 14 April 2014. 15 April 2014. 16 April 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140416183125/http://www.ndtv.com/elections/live-blog/show/ndtv-s-opinion-poll-latest-all-india-forecast-508454. live.
25. News: Modi powered BJP breaches southern fortress. India Today. 20 April 2014. 20 April 2014. 21 April 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140421040926/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/bjp-narendra-modi-south-india-india-today-cicero-opinion-poll/1/356644.html. live.
26. News: Election results 2014: AIADMK sweeps Tamil Nadu, bags 37 of 39 seats. 17 May 2014. 5 Oct 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231005062106/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/election-results-2014-aiadmk-sweeps-tamil-nadu-bags-37-of-39-seats/articleshow/35246863.cms. The Economic Times.
27. News: Jayalalithaa rules out possibility of joining Modi-led govt. 16 May 2014. 29 Dec 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231229195818/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/jayalalithaa-rules-out-possibility-of-joining-modi-led-govt/articleshow/35205255.cms. The Times of India.
28. News: Election Results 2014: After two decades, DMK, Congress have no MPs from Tamil Nadu. 16 May 2014. 29 Dec 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20231229202817/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/election-results-2014-after-two-decades-dmk-congress-have-no-mps-from-tamil-nadu/articleshow/35216843.cms. The Economic Times.