| Type: | Agency |
| Seal: | National_Crime_Records_Bureau_Logo.png |
| Jurisdiction: | Government of India |
| Headquarters: | Delhi - 110037 |
| Motto: | Empowering Indian Police with Information Technology |
| Chief1 Name: | Vivek Gogia, [1] |
| Chief1 Position: | Director |
| Parent Department: | Ministry of Home Affairs |
| Keydocument1: | Creation of NCRB (Notification) |
| Website: | ncrb.gov.in |
| Agency Name: | National Crime Records Bureau |
National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) is an Indian government agency responsible for collecting and analyzing crime data as defined by the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and Special and Local Laws (SLL). NCRB is headquartered in New Delhi and is part of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) under the Government of India. Vivek Gogia (IPS) is the current Director of the National Crime Record Bureau.
NCRB was set up in 1986 to function as a repository of information on crime and criminals so as to assist investigators in linking crime to the perpetrators. It was set up based on the recommendation of the Task force, 1985 and the National Police Commission, 1977 by merging the Directorate of Coordination and Police Computer (DCPC), Inter State Criminals Data Branch of CBI and Central Finger Print Bureau of CBI, Earlier Statistical Branch of Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D) was also merged with NCRB, but was later de-merged.[2]
| Year | Event | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | NCRB Created | ||
| 1987 | Motor Vehicle Coordination software (Lost and Found) | ||
| 1990 | Commencement of training for Foreign Police Officers | ||
| 1991 | Portrait Building System (PBS) developed (Colour PBS in 2011) | ||
| 1993 | 7 IIF forms finalized. | ||
| 1995 | FACTS and CCIS Implementation (Windows based CCIS in 2001 & FACTS-5 in 2005) | ||
| 1999 | Talash software for matching of missing and dead persons | ||
| 2003 | Counterfeit Currency (FICN)Software released | ||
| 2004 | Common Integrated Police Application (CIPA) | ||
| 2005 | Organized Crime System software | ||
| 2009 | CCTNS Approval | ||
| 2013 | CCTNS Pilot Launch & CAS STQC certified | ||
| 2014 | Revised Proforma and software for Crime in India, Motor Vehicle Coordination System(MVCS) Online version released | ||
| 2016 | Digital India Award - Silver Medal in Open Championship category (Digitization of Crime in India since 1967) | ||
| 2017 | Digital Police Portal launched | ||
Crime and Criminal Information System (CCIS) was implemented at the district level from about 1995–2004. Common Integrated Police Application (CIPA) was implemented at the police station level during the period 2004–2009 in three phases. Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS) is approved by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) on June 19th, 2009
| No | Activity as on 30.06.2018 | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | No. of PSs where CCTNS HW/SW deployed | 94 | |
| 2. | No. of PSs having Network Connectivity | 92 | |
| 3. | Legacy Data Migration completed | 89 | |
| 4. | Entry of IIFs (1-6) in CAS in June 2018 | 74 | |
| 5. | Citizen Portal launched | 35/36 States |
Various services as enlisted below are being provided/ proposed to be provided in the Citizen Portals of CCTNS.
ICJS has been mandated for integrating CCTNS (Police) with e-Courts, e-prisons, Forensics, Finger Print Bureaux and Prosecution, which are the key components of the Criminal Justice System. Implementation of ICJS will ensure quick data transfer among different pillars of criminal justice system.
The main objective of the Crime Records Branch is to collect, collate, and disseminate information on Crime, Criminals, Persons, and Property for matching purposes. The branch utilizes the following software systems:
NCRB brings out three annual reports i.e. Crime in India, Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India and Prison Statistics India. These reports are principal reference points for police officers, researchers, media & policy makers.
Besides, the Bureau also collects Crime and Anti-human Trafficking statistics on a monthly basis. The complete software package of ‘Monthly Crime Statistics’ was released in December 2016.
After extensive and exhaustive deliberation with various stakeholders, the proforma for Crime in India, Monthly Crime Statistics, and Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India were revised in the year 2014.
NCRB has developed application software for Crime in India (CII), Monthly Crime Statistics (MCS), Accidental Deaths & Suicide in India (ADSI), and Prison Statistics of India (PSI). The Bureau is also conducting Training of Trainers (ToT) on Crime in India and Accidental Death & Suicide in India and Prison Statistics India for officials of SCRBx and Prison Departments of States/UTs.
NCRB has been conferred with Digital India Awards 2016 in open data championship category with Silver on 9 December 2016 for the updation of more than 3,000 datasets on Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India in open source format. NCRB has digitized ‘Crime in India’ since 1967 and Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India since 1998. The digitized data have been made available on national data portal https://data.gov.in.
As director, NCRB is designated as the National Focal Point for United Nations Surveys on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (UN-CTS). On behalf of the Government of India, NCRB is selected as a Member of the Technical Advisory Group (TAG) of the international Classification of Crime for Statistical Purposes (ICCS).
The World's First Finger Print Bureau was set up in Calcutta in 1897. A CFPB was established at Shimla in 1905, however it was closed in 1922 as a result of retrenchment proposals of the Inchcape Committee. The Present CFPB came into existence in 1955 under the administrative control of Intelligence Bureau at Delhi. It was relocated to Calcutta (now Kolkata) in 1956. The administrative control of CFPB shifted to Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) in 1973, and since July, 1986, this has been under the administrative control of NCRB.
| 1897 | First Finger Print Bureau of the world was set up in Calcutta (now Kolkata) | |
| 1905 | Central Finger Print Bureau was established at Shimla | |
| 1922 | CFPB closed Inchcape Committee | |
| 1951 | Conference of DIGs, CID Recommendation for re-establishment of CFPB | |
| 1955 | CFPB re-established under Intelligence Bureau in Delhi | |
| 1956 | CFPB relocated to Calcutta(now Kolkata) | |
| 1958 | All India Board Examination for Finger Print Experts | |
| 1973 | Administrative control of CFPB shifted to Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) | |
| 1986 | NCRB was formed with administrative control of CFPB | |
| 1992 | First version of "Fingerprint Analysis & Criminal Tracing System"(FACTS) installed | |
| 1995 | FACTS - 3 operationalized | |
| 1997 | Finger Print in India Publication | |
| 2007 | FACTS - 5 operationalized | |
| 2017 | NAFIS (As part of ICJS) |
The CFPB has pioneered the automation of fingerprints through its Automated Finger Print Identification System (AFIS) in 1992. This software was jointly developed by NCRB and CMC Ltd. and named as "Fingerprint Analysis & Criminal Tracing System" (FACTS). Currently CFPB is maintaining 10,93,408 Ten Digit Finger Print Record slips of convicted and arrested persons.
These Finger Print Slips (Record) and Finger Print Slips (Search) are received from the Finger Print Bureau of various States/Union Territories and also from the police stations.
| Activity | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record slips | 36,680 | 34,490 | 68,557 | |
| PID slips | 22,440 | 20,643 | 6,043 | |
| Traced slips | 3,955 | 3,346 | 931 | |
| Trace % | 17.6 | 16.2 | 15.4 | |
| Chance prints | 77 | 283 | 379 | |
| Traced prints | NIL | NIL | 1 | |
| Document cases | 40 | 55 | 71 | |
| Prints examined | 3,960 | 15,118 | 1,637 |
CFPB receives number of finger print document cases, from Government departments, courts of law, banks, post offices, investigation agencies etc. for expert opinion.
The All India Board Examination is conducted every year at C.F.P.B. The Board, consists of Director, CFPB as chairman and two technical heads of the State F.P.Bx. as members. CFPB make all arrangements for conducting theory, practical & viva-voce of this examination.
The successful candidates are awarded certificates. Those who secure 1st, 2nd and 3rd places a Cash prize also.
The Aziz ul Haque rolling trophy is also awarded to the topper of the AIBE.
Passing this examination is mandatory to become Finger Print Expert who is competent to give evidence in the Court of Law.
Each year, CFPB New Delhi conducts 5 to 6 one-week training programmes for Indian Police Officers in Fingerprint Science. The Kolkata Unit of CFPB conducts an 18-week Proficiency course in Fingerprint Science twice a year. During the last four years, 266 Indian Police Officers have been trained.
CFPB/NCRB also conducts two 12-week courses and Four 8-week Courses for foreign police officers under the Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) and Special Commonwealth African Assistance Program (SCAAP) of the Ministry of External Affairs. Around 75 foreign officers are trained every year under this program, and 270 foreign police officers have been trained during the last four years.
Foreign Trainees of 25th Advanced course on IT in Law Enforcement & 21st Advanced Fingerprint Science & IT from (2nd January to 24th March 2017) with Director Dr Ish Kumar and other senior officers of NCRB
CFPB also compiles data collected from Finger Print Bureau of States/UT on standard Annual Statistics Report format, and publishes the -Finger Print in India since 1997. This is the principal resource document for all concerned.
The All India Conference of Directors of Finger Print Bureau of States/UTs, is an annual conference as mandated by the MHA. It is being held annually by CFPB (NCRB) to deliberate on recent trends in the field of finger print science and other priority issues concerning finger print fraternity of the nation. This conference was started in the year 1980 at New Delhi and is being hosted at different locations in the Country. The Government of India completely funds it. The 18th edition of the conference is being held at HPA, Madhuban, Haryana on 30 and 31 March 2017.
The "Award of Excellence" competition is conducted to identify excellent work performed by FP Experts in States/UTs. Three cash rewards of Rs.10,000/=, Rs.7,500/=, and Rs.5000/= are given during the conference.
CFPB is participating in All India Police Duty Meet (AIPDM) for conducting Finger Print Test to judge the acumen and knowledge of participating police personnel in the field.
1. The Interpol had requested CFPB to compare finger print and demographic details of BARRIOS GUARIN Jose Mauricio with existing records in connection with Identification of an International Fugitive wanted for Homicide in Colombia (South America) vide Ref. No. 203/2010F. It was ascertained that the fingerprint of BARRIOS GUARIN Jose Mauricio was IDENTICAL with the Right Index (RI) finger impression present on the specimen 10-digit F.P. slip of MAITA RODRIGUEZ Perd Alejandro, hence the two finger prints were found to be of one and the same person.
2. A fingerprint slip pertaining to one Singh Iqbal was forwarded by Interpol for record purpose. This slip was processed in FACTS (CFPB-AFIS) and was found to be a ‘trace’ against a record slip archived with CFPB PIN 604744. The successful search brought to light the criminal antecedents of the subjected person, who was convicted in pursuance of criminal case registered vide FIR No. 34 dated 24.09.1996 in the court of SDJM, Nabha on 20.09.2000 U/s 324/34 IPC
3. Interpol search slip from New Zealand Police vide Case Reference No. A&SP/New Zealand/FP /2016/454 Dt. 12-02-2016 was traced against the F.P. slip bearing PID No. 90474919 present in CFPB data base, of one Arvinder Pal Singh S/o Malkeet Singh R/o H. No. 53, Professor Enclave, opposite Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab.
4. The NIA suspected that N.Shanti Metei chief of PREPAK (UPPK), a banned terrorist organization active in anti-national activities was using forged documents, and false identities, Thorough comparison of the fingerprints of T. Hemanta Sharma on land agreements, sale deeds etc., and specimen fingerprints of N.Shanti Metei, proved that N. Shanti Metei used a pseudonym for illegal purchases.
5. The Ordnance Factory, Ministry of Defence, Raipur, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, doubted the authenticity of the final list of 54-candidates selected through written and trade tests conducted by them. The CFPB compared the finger prints of all provisionally selected candidates, After thorough examination, the expert in the Bureau was able to discern, that in three cases the finger impressions were different, from one another, indicating impersonation on the part of the candidates.
6. Document case received from Dy. Director of Income Tax (inv.) relating to a search and seizure operation u/s 132 of the Income Tax Act 1961 in a case of M/s National Enterprises and Group and recovered some documents.. The documents consisted of 1536 pages with eight to twelve thumb prints on each page (i.e. over 12000 prints in total). After examination of the document, CFPB experts were able to establish that all the prints were given by 8 to 10 fingers only indicating fraudulent payment of approximately 2.25 crores. Approximately 40% finger impressions were faint, blurred or partial.
7. A total of fifty five (55) fingerprint slips for establishing identity were received in FACTS (CFPB-AFIS) from Uttarakhand State police Department. The slips carried fingerprints of Unidentified Dead Bodies (UDBs). Majority of fingerprints were faint, smudged, or partial. All the slips required additional computer based enhancement efforts to make them decipherable for comparison by the system. Out of the 55 slips, one unidentified dead body fingerprint slip matched with the slip of one Jamil S/o. Mustaq of P.S. Kithore, Meerut, U.P. The successful input of UDB Fingerprint slip (CFPB PIN No. 90440105) followed by trace with slip bearing PIN 90423149, revealed the antecedents of the subjected person - Jamil was convicted in pursuance of criminal case registered vide FIR No. 60 dated 19-03-2013 U/S 363 IPC of ODRS police station.
Each year Training branch conducts on an average 20-25 training programmes for Indian Police Officers of the duration of 1 week on the subjects like CCTNS, Advanced Fingerprint Science, Network & e-Security etc. NCRB also conducts the courses on "Training of Trainers" for development of training resource persons in subjects like Basic Crime Analysis, Windows 2000 & SQL Server, Network & e-Security, Linux and CCTNS.
NCRB also conducts two courses of 12 weeks duration and four courses of 8 weeks duration for Foreign Police Officers under Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) and Special Commonwealth African Assistance Programme (SCAAP) of Ministry of External Affairs. Different programmes viz., Cyber Crime & Network Security, Advanced Fingerprint Science, IT in Law Enforcement, Advanced Course on IT in Law Enforcement and Advanced Fingerprint Science and IT are conducted for these officers. Every year, on an average more than 125 officers from 20 to 25 countries from Latin America, Africa, South Asia and Middle East attend these programmes. Special Training Programmes have been conducted for Afghanistan & Mongolian Police Officers on Fingerprint Science.
Four RPCTCs in Hyderabad, Gandhi Nagar, Lucknow and Kolkata conduct similar courses for lower functionaries of Indian Police. NCRB provides funds to these centres for faculty, stationery, training material and infrastructure including computer hardware, software etc.
| Course conducted since 1986 | No. of Courses | No. of persons trained | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indian | 797 | 14584 | |
| Foreign | 75 | 1496 | |
| 4 RPCTCs | 1287 | 29901 |
The NCRB data 2020 brought out glaring statistics that pointed out married men committed more suicide due to family problems. The statistics went further to point out that one man commits suicide every 5 minutes. [3] [4]
The Crime Records also pointed out a very pertinent fact that over 74% of rape cases and 80% dowry cases filed in India, end in acquittal which suggest there is a growing trend of false cases being filed by women against men to meet their needs and use the Gender Biased Laws[5] to their favor. Interpreting the statistics and also drawing inferences from their own lessons, Delhi High Court pointed out that there is an alarming rise in false rape cases in India,nd this must be checked at the earliest. [6]
The Training Branch also compiles and publishes a quarterly publication named NCRB New Letter, which is circulated to the police fraternity to inform them about NCRB achievements/activities.