Index of epistemology articles explained

See main article: Epistemology.

See also: Outline of epistemology.

See also: List of epistemologists.

Epistemology (from Greek ἐπιστήμη – episteme-, "knowledge, science" and λόγος, "logos") or theory of knowledge is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope (limitations) of knowledge.[1] It addresses the questions "What is knowledge?", "How is knowledge acquired?", "What do people know?", "How do we know what we know?", and "Why do we know what we know?". Much of the debate in this field has focused on analyzing the nature of knowledge and how it relates to similar notions such as truth, belief, and justification. It also deals with the means of production of knowledge, as well as skepticism about different knowledge claims.

Articles related to epistemology include:

A

– "A Defence of Common Sense"– A posterioriA priori and a posterioriA Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human KnowledgeAbductive reasoningAcademic skepticismAcatalepsyAd hoc hypothesisAdaptive representationAdolph StöhrAenesidemusAenesidemus (book)African SpirAgainst MethodAgnosticismAgrippa the SkepticAlethiologyAlief (belief)Alison WylieAlvin GoldmanAn Enquiry Concerning Human UnderstandingAn Essay Concerning Human UnderstandingAnalytic–synthetic distinctionAnamnesis (philosophy)AndrocentrismAndroid epistemologyAnthony WildenAnti-foundationalismAnti-realismApperceptionArda DenkelArgument from illusionAristotle's theory of universalsArnór HannibalssonÁsta Kristjana Sveinsdóttir– Atli Harðarson– AtomismAutoepistemic logicAyn Rand

B

Barry StroudBasic beliefBasic limiting principleBelief– Bertrand Russell– Bertrand Russell's views on philosophyBjörn KrausBlack swan theoryBlind men and an elephantBody of knowledgeBrain in a vatBrute fact

C

C. D. BroadCarper's fundamental ways of knowingCartesian doubtCartesian otherCartesian SelfCatherine ElginCausal chainCausal Theory of KnowingCausalityCenter Leo Apostel for Interdisciplinary StudiesCentre de Recherche en Epistémologie AppliquéeCertaintyClaudio CanaparoCogito ergo sumCognitive closure (philosophy)Cognitive synonymyCoherence theory of truthCoherentismCommon senseCompensationismComposition of CausesComputational epistemologyConcluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical FragmentsCondition of possibilityConsensus theory of truthConstructivism (mathematics)Constructivist epistemologyContextualismContrastivismCorrespondence theory of truthCounterintuitiveCrispin WrightCriteria of truthCritical rationalismCritical realismCritical thinkingCynicism

D

Daniel M. HausmanDavid HumeDeductive closureDefeasible reasoningDefeaterDeflationary theory of truthDescriptive knowledgeDharmarāja AdhvarinDialetheismDianoiaDirect and indirect realismDirect experienceDiscourse on the MethodDisjunctivismDispositional and occurrent beliefDivine command theoryDaimonicDogmaDoubtDoxaDoxastic attitudesDream argumentDuck test- Dead sea

E

– Eastern epistemology– Ecology of contextsEdgar MorinEditologyEdmund Gettier– Educology– Egocentric predicament– Elephant test– EmergenceEmpirical evidenceEmpirical methodEmpirical relationshipEmpirical researchEmpiricism– Endoxa– EnneadsEpilogismEpistemeEpistemic closureEpistemic commitmentEpistemic communityEpistemic conservatismEpistemic feedbackEpistemic minimalismEpistemic possibilityEpistemic theories of truthEpistemic theory of miraclesEpistemic virtueEpistemicismEpistemocracy– Epistemological anarchism– Epistemological idealismEpistemological particularismEpistemological pluralismEpistemological psychologyEpistemological realismEpistemological ruptureEpistemological solipsismEpistemologyEpochéEristicErnst von GlasersfeldEureka effectEverett W. HallEvidenceEvidentialismEvil demonEvolutionary argument against naturalismEvolutionary epistemologyExclusion principle (philosophy)Existential phenomenology– Exoteric– Expectation (epistemic)ExperienceExperiential knowledgeExperientialismExtended mind thesis- ExternalismExternismEyewitness testimony

F

FactFactual relativismFact–value distinctionFaith and rationalityFallibilismFalsifiabilityFeminist epistemologyFideismFinitismFitch's paradox of knowabilityFooled by RandomnessFormal epistemologyFormative epistemologyFoundationalismFoundherentismFragmentalismFrame problemFrank Cameron JacksonFred DretskeFrederick WilhelmsenFunctional contextualism

G

G. E. MooreGaston BachelardGenerativityGenetic epistemologyGeorge BerkeleyGeorge PappasGettier problemGiambattista VicoGila SherGilbert HarmanGilbert RyleGiulio GiorelloGnosiologyGödel's incompleteness theorems

H

Harry BinswangerHeinz von FoersterHelmut WautischerHere is one handHierarchical epistemologyHilary Kornblith— Historical epistemology– HumanismHume's fork

I

I know it when I see itI know that I know nothingIdeological criticismIdeologyIgnoramus et ignorabimusIgnoranceIlluminationismImmanuel KantIncorrigibilityIndeterminacy (philosophy)Inductive reasoningInductivismInfallibilismInfallibilityInferenceInfinitismInformation sourceInnatismInsightIntellectual responsibilityInternalism and externalismIntersubjective verifiabilityIntersubjectivityIntroduction to Objectivist EpistemologyIntrospectionIntuition (Bergson)Intuition (philosophy)Intuition (psychology)IntuitionismIrrealism (philosophy)Is Logic Empirical?Islamization of knowledge

J

Jean PiagetJean-Louis Le MoigneJean-Michel BerthelotJohn Greco (philosopher)John HickJohn Locke– John Searle– Jonathan DancyJonathan Kvanvig- Jules Vuillemin– Justified true belief

K

Karla Jessen WilliamsonKatalepsisKeith LehrerKK thesisKnowing and the KnownKnowledgeKnowledge and Its LimitsKnowledge by acquaintanceKnowledge by descriptionKnowledge organizationKnowledge relativity

L

Laplace's demonLarry LaudanLarry SangerLatitudinarianism (philosophy)Laurence BonJourLaw (principle)Leap of faithLeonard PeikoffLevels of adequacyList of epistemologistsLogical holismLogical positivismLottery paradox

M

MaieuticsMap–territory relationMargaret Elizabeth EganMathematical proofMeditations on First PhilosophyMemoryMeno– Meno's slave– MetaMeta-epistemologyMetaphor in philosophyMetaphysical naturalismMetatheoryMethodism (philosophy)Methodological solipsismMichel de MontaigneMolyneux's problemMoore's paradoxMoral rationalismMultiperspectivalismMundane reason

N

Naïve empiricismNaïve realismNassim Nicholas TalebNaturalism (philosophy)Naturalized epistemology– Nayef Al-Rodhan– NeopragmatismNeutrality (philosophy)New realism (philosophy)Nicholas RescherNiklas LuhmannNomotheticNomothetic and idiographicNoogonyNorman MalcolmNoumenon

O

Object (philosophy)Objectivity (philosophy)ObservationOntologismOmphalos hypothesisOpinionOutline of epistemologyOverbelief

P

P. F. StrawsonPancritical rationalismPanrationalismParadigmParadigm shiftParticipatory theoryPaul ChurchlandPerceptionPerceptual learningPeripatetic axiomPersonal epistemologyPerspectivism– Pessimism– Peter MillicanPeter UngerPhenomenal conservatismPhenomenalismPhillip H. WiebePhilosophic burden of proofPhilosophical FragmentsPhilosophical InvestigationsPhilosophical problems of testimonyPhilosophical skepticismPhilosophical theologyPhilosophical zombiePhilosophy of colorPhilosophy of perceptionPhilosophy of sciencePlato's ProblemPlatonic epistemologyPluralism (philosophy)Pluralist theories of truthPositivismPostfoundationalismPostmodern philosophyPostpositivismPragmatic theory of truthPramāṇaPraxeologyPredictive powerPreface paradoxPreformation theoryPresentationismPresupposition (philosophy)Primary/secondary quality distinctionPrinciple of charityPrivate language argumentPrivileged accessProbabilismProbability interpretationsProblem of inductionProblem of other mindsProblem of the criterionProblem of universalsProcedural knowledgeProof (truth)Propensity probabilityPropositional attitudePseudointellectualPsychological nominalismPyrrhoPyrrhonism

Q

Quantification

R

Ramification problemRational egoismRational fideismRational ignoranceRationalismRationalityReasonRedundancy theory of truthReformed epistemologyRegress argumentRelevant alternatives theoryReliabilismReligious epistemologyRobert AudiRobert NozickRoderick ChisholmRole of chance in scientific discoveries

S

Sally HaslangerSatyaScepticism and Animal FaithScottish Common Sense RealismSelf-evidenceSemantic externalismSemantic theory of truthSensualismSextus EmpiricusSherrilyn RoushSimulated realitySimulation hypothesisSkepticismSleeping Beauty problemSocial constructionismSocial epistemologySocial Epistemology (journal)Sociology of knowledgeSocratesSolipsismSophist (dialogue)Speculative reasonSteve Fuller (sociologist)SubjectivismSwamping problem– Swampman– Systemography

T

Tabula rasaTarski's undefinability theoremTechneTelesisTestimonyThe Black Swan (Taleb book)The Course in Positive PhilosophyThe Extended MindThe Postmodern ConditionThe Republic (Plato)The Roots of ReferenceThe Will to BelieveThe World as Will and RepresentationTheaetetus (dialogue)Theory of Forms– Theory of justification– There are known knownsThick Black TheoryThought experiment– Transcendent truth– Transcendental idealismTranscendental philosophyTranscendental realism– Transparency (philosophy)– Trenton Merricks– Truth– Truth by consensusTruth predicateTruth-value linkTwin Earth thought experimentTwo Dogmas of EmpiricismTwo truths doctrine

U

UncertaintyUnderdeterminationUnderstandingUniversal pragmaticsUnknown knownUnobservableUpamāṇa

V

VaguenessVasily SesemanVerification theoryVerificationismVerisimilitudeVeritismVienna CircleVirtue epistemologyVisual space– Voluntarism (metaphysics)

W

Walter Terence StaceWard JonesWilfrid SellarsWilliam AlstonWilliam CrathornWord and ObjectWorld HypothesesWorld view

X

Xenophanes

See also

Notes and References

  1. Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Volume 3, 1967, Macmillan, Inc.